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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Toshiyoshi Ichinohe (검색결과 2 건)
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Appropriate level of alfalfa hay in diets for rearing Simmental crossbred calves in dryland China
Nobuyuki Kobayashi,Fujiang Hou,Ausushi Tsunekawa,Xianjiang Chen,Tianhai Yan,Toshiyoshi Ichinohe 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.12
Objective: In dryland areas of China, alfalfa hay (AH) is a possible substitute for concentrate feed for beef cattle. To evaluate the potential benefits of this substitution, we studied the effect of the ratio of AH intake to total dry matter (DM) intake on average daily body-weight gain (ADG), dietary energy utilization status, and economic benefit in Gansu province. Methods: In each of two feeding trials in 2016 (trial 1 [T1], July 3 to 17; trial 2 [T2], August 15 to September 23), crossbred male Simmental calves were allocated to low AH (LA), medium AH (MA), and high AH (HA) feeding groups (n = 4 per group). The target ADG was set as 1 kg for both trials. In a one-way-layout design based on conventional feeding practices in the province, calves received diets containing the different AH amounts, with a constant ratio of corn stover:total DM and decreasing rations of concentrate feed proportional to the increase in AH. Calves in T1 received AH at 15% (T1-LA), 23% (T1-MA), or 31% (T1-HA) of their dietary DM allowances; those in T2 received 9% (T2-LA), 24% (T2-MA), or 34% (T2-HA) AH. Results: Among the T1 groups, both ADG and economic benefit were highest in T1-LA; whereas in T2, they were higher in the T2-LA and T2-MA groups than in T2-HA. Energy digestibility did not significantly differ among the groups in either trial. The dietary AH inclusion ratios of 14% in the warm season and 8% to 21% in the cool season appeared to yield optimal ADG, metabolizable energy intake, and economic benefit. Conclusion: Low-level inclusion of AH, ranging from 8% to 21%, is a practical approach for beef cattle feeding. This modified feeding regimen likely will promote increased growth performance during the fattening stage of beef steers in dryland areas of Gansu province, China.
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Laser methane detector-based quantification of methane emissions from indoor-fed Fogera dairy cows
Kobayashi, Nobuyuki,Hou, Fujiang,Tsunekawa, Atsushi,Yan, Tianhai,Tegegne, Firew,Tassew, Asaminew,Mekuriaw, Yeshambel,Mekuriaw, Shigdaf,Hunegnaw, Beyadglign,Mekonnen, Wondimeneh,Ichinohe, Toshiyoshi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.8
Objective: Portable laser methane detectors (LMDs) may be an economical means of estimating CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from ruminants. We validated an LMD-based approach and then used that approach to evaluate CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from indigenous dairy cows in a dryland area of Ethiopia. Methods: First, we validated our LMD-based approach in Simmental crossbred beef cattle (n = 2) housed in respiration chambers and fed either a high- or low-concentrate diet. From the results of the validation, we constructed an estimation equation to determine CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from LMD CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations. Next, we used our validated LMD approach to examine CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in Fogera dairy cows grazed for 8 h/d (GG, n = 4), fed indoors on natural-grassland hay (CG1, n = 4), or fed indoors on Napier-grass (Pennisetum purpureum) hay (CG2, n = 4). All the cows were supplemented with concentrate feed. Results: The exhaled CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations measured by LMD were linearly correlated with the CH<sub>4</sub> emissions determined by infrared-absorption-based gas analyzer (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.55). The estimation equation used to determine CH<sub>4</sub> emissions (y, mg/min) from LMD CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations (x, ppm m) was y = 0.4259x+38.61. Daily CH<sub>4</sub> emissions of Fogera cows estimated by using the equation did not differ among the three groups; however, a numerically greater milk yield was obtained from the CG2 cows than from the GG cows, suggesting that Napier-grass hay might be better than natural-grassland hay for indoor feeding. The CG1 cows had higher CH<sub>4</sub> emissions per feed intake than the other groups, without significant increases in milk yield and body-weight gain, suggesting that natural-grassland hay cannot be recommended for indoor-fed cows. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the potential of using LMDs to valuate feeding regimens rapidly and economically for dairy cows in areas under financial constraint, while taking CH<sub>4</sub> emissions into consideration.
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