http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Obstacles Positioned over Tactile ground surface indicatiors
TOKUDA Katsumi,MIZUNO Tomomi 아시아장애사회학회 2010 아시아장애사회학연구 Vol.10 No.-
This study seeks to shed light on the nature of installation methods in other countries and, furthermore, to discuss installation errors and ways to correct them ‘ Research was conducted using the method for detecting inappropnate Tactile ground surface indicator installa tions described in Fieldwork for Barrier Detection Obstacles on Tactile ground surface indicatol’s interferes in safe and risk-free movement of people with visual handicap. In order to create appropriate waJking environment for people with visual handicap, it is necessary to remove these obstacles. Obstacles can be classified into, (1) Easily movable objects such as bicycles, automobiles and other similar objects, (2) Objects that cannot be moved easily such as closets, storerooms and play equipments, (3) Objects that cannot be moved such as utility poles and houses, (4) Natural objects such as snow and t ree leaves,(5) Human beings, and (6) Animals. All these obstacles are due to lack of understanding of significance and purpose of Tactile ground surface indicators as well as walking characteristics of people with visual handicap In that sense, unless citizens are continuously educated and made aware from the standpoint of understanding disabilities, improvements are unlikely to be seen.
Beggars with disabilities in Asia and citizens' views about the disabled
TOKUDA Katsumi,MIZUNO Tomomi 아시아장애사회학회 2009 아시아장애사회학연구 Vol.9 No.-
A fieldwork was carried out in Asian countries about the current situation of beggars with disabilities and citizens’ views about the disabled. The research found that there were disabled beggars in all the researched countries and areas except Hong Kong and Brunei. Most of the beggars have physical disabilities such as amputations, malformations and blindness. The other disabilities were Hydrocephalus, burns, Down syndrome etc. In any of those countries, the younger and the more severe the disability the more income the beggars received. In general, most of beggars began their begging after they became disabled. There were no disabled beggars in the countries with good social security. In the developing countries the disable people turned to be beggars in order to survive. However, begging for money provides better income to those who have severe disabilities than working hard.
Reality of Child Beggars and People Begging with Children in Asia
TOKUDA Katsumi,MIZUNO Tomomi 아시아아동지원학회 2010 아시아아동지원연구 Vol.1 No.-
In the present paper, we would like present the results of field survey regarding the actual state of child beggar and people begging with children (mainly small babies) in Asia.Two authors of this paper conducted the field survey for approximately 10 years between ]une, 200 and October 2009. Countries surveyed were South Korea, North Korea, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau, Phi1lipines, Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, East Timor, India, Mongolia, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. majority of the people are begging for everyday living, there are cases of it is done as occupational begging or as an income source of mafia organizations. Depending on the culture, begging is considered a "permissible economic act" and it is not possible to categorically judge whether begging is right or wrong. However, at the very least, children should have an opportunity to study at school.