http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Changes of hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation after exercise in normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia
Tobias Kammerer,Valentina Faihs,Nikolai Hulde,Andreas Bayer,Max Hubner,Florian Brettner,Walter Karlen,Julia Maria Kropfl,Markus Rehm,Christina Spengler,Simon Thomas Schafer 대한직업환경의학회 2018 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-
Objective: Normobaric (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) are associated with acute mountain sickness (AMS) and cognitive dysfunction. Only few variables, like heart-rate-variability, are correlated with AMS. However, prediction of AMS remains difficult. We therefore designed an expedition-study with healthy volunteers in NH/HH to investigate additional non-invasive hemodynamic variables associated with AMS. Methods: Eleven healthy subjects were examined in NH (FiO₂ 13.1%; equivalent of 3.883 m a.s.l; duration 4 h) and HH (3.883 m a.s.l.; duration 24 h) before and after an exercise of 120 min. Changes in parameters of electrical cardiometry (cardiac index (CI), left-ventricular ejection time (LVET), stroke volume (SV), index of contractility (ICON)), near-infrared spectroscopy (cerebral oxygenation, rScO₂), Lake-Louise-Score (LLS) and cognitive function tests were assessed. One-Way-ANOVA, Wilcoxon matched-pairs test, Spearman’s-correlation-analysis and Student’s t-test were performed. Results: HH increased heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and CI and decreased LVET, SV and ICON, whereas NH increased HR and decreased LVET. In both NH and HH cerebral oxygenation decreased and LLS increased significantly. After 24 h in HH, 6 of 11 subjects (54.6%) developed AMS. LLS remained increased until 24 h in HH, whereas cognitive function remained unaltered. In HH, HR and LLS were inversely correlated (r = − 0.692; p < 0.05). More importantly, the rScO2-decrease after exercise in NH significantly correlated with LLS after 24 h in HH (r = − 0.971; p < 0.01) and rScO2 correlated significantly with HR (r = 0.802; p < 0.01), CI (r = 0.682; p < 0.05) and SV (r = 0.709; p < 0.05) after exercise in HH. Conclusions: Both acute NH and HH altered hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation and induced AMS. Subjects, who adapted their CI had higher rScO2 and lower LLS. Furthermore, rScO2 after exercise under normobaric conditions was associated with AMS at high altitudes.
Tobias C. Hinse,김우균,안상현,이재근,박준형,이영우,정우정,우상민 한국천문학회 2017 天文學論叢 Vol.32 No.3
We give a detailed description of the installation and operation of a double-station meteor detectionsystem which formed part of a research & education project between Korea Astronomy Space ScienceInstitute (KASI) and Daejeon Science Highschool. A similar system is currently not existing in SouthKorea. A total of six light-sensitive CCD cameras were installed with three cameras at SOAO and threecameras at BOAO observatory. A double-station observation of a meteor event enables the determinationof the three-dimensional heliocentric orbit in space. This project was initiated in response to the Jinjureball event in March 2014. The cameras were installed in October/November 2014. The two stationsare identical in hardware as well as software. Each station employes sensitive \Watec-902H2" cameras incombination with relatively fast f/1.2 lenses. Various elds of views were used for measuring di erencesin detection rates of meteor events. We employed the SonotaCo UFO software suite for meteor detectionand their subsequent analysis. The system setup as well as installation/operation experience is describedand rst results are presented. We also give a brief overview of historic as well as recent meteor (fall)detections in South Korea. For more information please consult http://meteor.kasi.re.kr.
Control Allocation for Double-ended Ferries with Full-scale Experimental Results
Tobias R. Torben,Astrid H. Brodtkorb,Asgeir J. Sørensen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.3
A novel control allocation algorithm for double-ended ferries with symmetrical thruster configuration is proposed. The allocation problem is formulated using the extended thrust representation, resulting in a four dimensional constrained optimization problem. Using the thrust configuration constraint, the optimization problem is reduced to a scalar bounded optimization problem, for which there exists fast solvers. We propose a cost function and bounds such that the allocation algorithm supports the standard way of performing manual thruster control on ferries. The real-time performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in a simulation study, and in full-scale experiments.
Ch’oe Namsǒn and Identity Construction through Negotiation with the Colonizer
Tobias Scholl 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2019 International Journal of Korean History Vol.24 No.1
This paper takes a closer look at Ch’oe Namsŏn’s construction of Korean identity during the colonial period. Ch’oe was ambiguous towards Japan, seeing it as many other intellectuals did, as a model for Korea’s modernization, and was aware that Japan would be both Korea’s “oldest friend” and “biggest obstacle” in this regard. After his imprisonment for his role in the Korean independence movement in 1919, he started to cooperate with the Japanese to influence colonial knowledge production and therefore decided to “negotiate” directly with the colonizer. In his “Treatise on Purham culture,” Ch’oe included Japan in the same cultural sphere and saw it as less of Other than the West and China. While his theses and arguments were based on Japanese research and written in Japanese, Ch’oe maintained a Korean identity within the colonial setting not by a “negation” of Japanese research, but by “negotiation” through its reinterpretation and autoethnography. Due to his referring to Japanese scholars and due to the ambiguity of his mimicry his work can be considered “at once resemblance and menace,” and simultaneously as collaboration and resistance.
Tobias C. Spruegel,Sebastian Bickel,Benjamin Schleich,Sandro Wartzack 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1
The simulation of product behavior is a vital part of current virtual product development. It can be expected that soon there will be more product simulations due to the availability of easy-to-use finite element analysis software and computational power. Consequently, the amount of accessible new simulation data adds up to the already existing amount. However, even when using easy-to-use finite element software tools, errors can occur during the setup of finite element simulations, and users should be warned about certain mistakes by automatic algorithms. To use the vast amount of available finite element simulations for a data-driven finite element support tool, in this paper, a methodology will be presented to transform different finite element simulations to unified matrices. The procedure is based on the projection of nodes onto a detector sphere, which is converted into a matrix in the next step. The generated matrices represent the simulation and can be described as the DNA of a finite element simulation. They can be used as an input for any machine learning model, such as convolutional neural networks. The essential steps of preprocessing the data and an application with a large dataset are part of this contribution. The trained network can then be used for an automatic plausibility check for new simulations, based on the previous simulation data from the past. This can result in a tool for automatic plausibility checks and can be the backbone for a feedback system for less experienced users.
Tobias H. Sudhoff,Rainer O. Seidl,Barbara Estel,Annekatrin Coordes 대한이비인후과학회 2015 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.8 No.4
Objectives. Postintubation tracheal ruptures (PTR) are rare but cause severe complications. Our objective was to investigate the tracheal pattern of injury resulting from cuff inflation of the tracheal tube, to study the two main factors responsible for PTR (cuff overinsufflation and inapplicable tube sizes), and to explain the context, why small women are particularly susceptible to PTR. Methods. Experimental study performed on 28 fresh human laryngotracheal specimens (16 males, 12 females) within 24 hours post autopsy. Artificial ventilation was simulated by using an underwater construction and a standard tracheal tube. Tube sizes were selected according to our previously published nomogram. Tracheal lesions were detected visually and tracheal diameters measured. The influence of body size, sex difference and appropriate tube size were investigated according to patient height. Results. In all 28 cases, the typical tracheal lesion pattern was a longitudinal median rupture of the posterior trachea. Appropriate tube sizes according to body size caused PTR with significantly higher cuff pressure when compared with oversized tubes. An increased risk of PTR was found in shorter patients, when oversized tubes were used. Sex difference did not have any significant influence. Conclusion. This experimental model provides information about tracheal patterns in PTR for the first time. The model confirms by experiment the observations of case series in PTR patients, and therefore emphasizes the importance of correct tube size selection according to patient height. This minimizes the risk of PTR, especially in shorter patients, who have an increased risk of PTR when oversized tubes are used.
Changes of hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation after exercise in normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia
Tobias Kammerer,Valentina Faihs,Nikolai Hulde,Andreas Bayer,Max Hubner,Florian Brettner,Walter Karlen,Julia Maria Kropfl,Markus Rehm,Christina Spengler,Simon Thomas Schafer 대한직업환경의학회 2019 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-
Objective: Normobaric (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) are associated with acute mountain sickness (AMS) and cognitive dysfunction. Only few variables, like heart-rate-variability, are correlated with AMS. However, prediction of AMS remains difficult. We therefore designed an expedition-study with healthy volunteers in NH/HH to investigate additional non-invasive hemodynamic variables associated with AMS. Methods: Eleven healthy subjects were examined in NH (FiO2 13.1%; equivalent of 3.883 m a.s.l; duration 4 h) and HH (3.883 m a.s.l.; duration 24 h) before and after an exercise of 120 min. Changes in parameters of electrical cardiometry (cardiac index (CI), left-ventricular ejection time (LVET), stroke volume (SV), index of contractility (ICON)), near-infrared spectroscopy (cerebral oxygenation, rScO2), Lake-Louise-Score (LLS) and cognitive function tests were assessed. One-Way-ANOVA, Wilcoxon matched-pairs test, Spearman’s-correlation-analysis and Student’s t-test were performed. Results: HH increased heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and CI and decreased LVET, SV and ICON, whereas NH increased HR and decreased LVET. In both NH and HH cerebral oxygenation decreased and LLS increased significantly. After 24 h in HH, 6 of 11 subjects (54.6%) developed AMS. LLS remained increased until 24 h in HH, whereas cognitive function remained unaltered. In HH, HR and LLS were inversely correlated (r = − 0.692; p < 0.05). More importantly, the rScO2-decrease after exercise in NH significantly correlated with LLS after 24 h in HH (r = − 0.971; p < 0.01) and rScO2 correlated significantly with HR (r = 0.802; p < 0.01), CI (r = 0.682; p < 0.05) and SV (r = 0.709; p < 0.05) after exercise in HH. Conclusions: Both acute NH and HH altered hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation and induced AMS. Subjects, who adapted their CI had higher rScO2 and lower LLS. Furthermore, rScO2 after exercise under normobaric conditions was associated with AMS at high altitudes.