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Ting Xia,Jin Zhang,Chuanxin Zhou,Yu Li,Wenhui Duan,Bo Zhang,Min Wang,Jianpei Fang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.5
Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a kind of aggressive hematological cancer, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is activated in most patients with T-ALL and responsible for poor prognosis. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (20(S)-GRh2) is a major active compound extracted from ginseng, which exhibits anti-cancer effects. However, the underlying anticancer mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in T-ALL have not been explored. Methods: Cell growth and cell cycle were determined to investigate the effect of 20(S)-GRh2 on ALL cells. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins were detected in 20(S)-GRh2-treated Jurkat cells by immunoblotting. Antitumor effect of 20(S)-GRh2 against T-ALL was investigated in xenograft mice. The mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 against T-ALL were examined by cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Results: In the present study, the results showed that 20(S)-GRh2 decreased cell growth and arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase in ALL cells. 20(S)-GRh2 induced apoptosis through enhancing reactive oxygen species generation and upregulating apoptosis-related proteins. 20(S)-GRh2 significantly elevated the levels of pEGFP-LC3 and autophagy-related proteins in Jurkat cells. Furthermore, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was effectively blocked by 20(S)-GRh2. 20(S)-GRh2 suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and autophagy by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in Jurkat cells. Finally, 20(S)-GRh2 alleviated symptoms of leukemia and reduced the number of white blood cells and CD3 staining in the spleen of xenograft mice, indicating antitumor effects against T-ALL in vivo. Conclusion: These findings indicate that 20(S)-GRh2 exhibits beneficial effects against T-ALL through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and could be a natural product of novel target for T-ALL therapy.
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David Jiyao Chou,Kelly Yinching Lam,Jianping Chen,Ping Yao,Tina Tingxia Dong,Aizhen Xiong,Guixin Chou,Zhengtao Wang,Karl Wah-Keung Tsim 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2014 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.4 No.4
Linderae Radix, the dry roots of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm, has long been used as traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. The total alkaloids are believed to be the active components responsible for anti-inflammation of Linderae Radix. Here, the total alkaloids of Linderae Radix were extracted and isolated, including 12 isoquinoline alkaloids and 1 furan sesquiterpene. Within the alkaloids, norisoboldine, boldine, linderaline, isoboldine, reticuline, N-methyllaurotetanine, norjuziphine were found to be the major ingredients. In lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, application of Linderae Radix extract, or total alkaloids, suppressed the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6. Out of the 12 alkaloids, norisoboldine, boldine, and isoboldine were tested in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages, and norisoboldine was the strongest alkaloid in suppressing the cytokine expressions. The current studies suggested that the identification of alkaloids from Linderae Radix could provide a plausible explanation for herbal therapeutic functions.
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Huang, Yun,Kwan, Kenneth Kin Leung,Leung, Ka Wing,Yao, Ping,Wang, Huaiyou,Dong, Tina Tingxia,Tsim, Karl Wah Keung The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4
Background: The root of Panax ginseng, a member of Araliaceae family, has been used as herbal medicine and functional food in Asia for thousands of years. According to Traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng is the most widely used "Qi-invigorating" herbs, which provides tonic and preventive effects by resisting oxidative stress, influencing energy metabolism, and improving mitochondrial function. Very few reports have systematically measured cell mitochondrial bioenergetics after ginseng treatment. Methods: Here, H9C2 cell line, a rat cardiomyoblast, was treated with ginseng extracts having extracted using solvents of different polarity, i.e., water, 50% ethanol, and 90% ethanol, and subsequently, the oxygen consumption rate in healthy and tert-butyl hydroperoxideetreated live cultures was determined by Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. Results: The 90% ethanol extracts of ginseng possessed the strongest antioxidative and tonic activities to mitochondrial respiration and therefore provided the best protective effects to H9C2 cardiomyocytes. By increasing the spare respiratory capacity of stressed H9C2 cells up to three-folds of that of healthy cells, the 90% ethanol extracts of ginseng greatly improved the tolerance of myocardial cells to oxidative damage. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the low polarity extracts of ginseng could be the best extract, as compared with others, in regulating the oxygen consumption rate of cultured cardiomyocytes during mitochondrial respiration.
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Yun Huang,Kenneth Kin Leung Kwan,Ka Wing Leung,Ping Yao,HuaiyouWang,Tina Tingxia Dong,Karl Wah Keung Tsim 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4
Background: The root of Panax ginseng, a member of Araliaceae family, has been used as herbal medicineand functional food in Asia for thousands of years. According to Traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng isthe most widely used “Qi-invigorating” herbs, which provides tonic and preventive effects by resistingoxidative stress, influencing energy metabolism, and improving mitochondrial function. Very few reportshave systematically measured cell mitochondrial bioenergetics after ginseng treatment. Methods: Here, H9C2 cell line, a rat cardiomyoblast, was treated with ginseng extracts having extractedusing solvents of different polarity, i.e., water, 50% ethanol, and 90% ethanol, and subsequently, theoxygen consumption rate in healthy and tert-butyl hydroperoxideetreated live cultures was determinedby Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. Results: The 90% ethanol extracts of ginseng possessed the strongest antioxidative and tonic activities tomitochondrial respiration and therefore provided the best protective effects to H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Byincreasing the spare respiratory capacity of stressed H9C2 cells up to three-folds of that of healthy cells,the 90% ethanol extracts of ginseng greatly improved the tolerance of myocardial cells to oxidativedamage. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the low polarity extracts of ginseng could be the bestextract, as compared with others, in regulating the oxygen consumption rate of cultured cardiomyocytesduring mitochondrial respiration.
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