Optimization of fermentation conditions as a metabolic strategy for the high-yield and high-selectivity bio-based 2,3-butanediol production

Daniel Tinôco,Lucy Seldin,Paulo Luiz de Andrade Coutinho,Denise Maria Guimarães Freire 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.125 No.-

Optimization of culture conditions can be used as an alternative metabolic control strategy to geneticengineering to improve bio-based 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) production, especially its yield and opticalpurity. In this study, a first-order model was determined to predict the 2,3-BDO yield, which reachedabout 90% in batch cultures at 32 C, pH = 5, and kLa 5.0 ± 2.7 h1, using a new and safe Paenibacilluspeoriae NRRL BD-62. No acetoin accumulation and an absolute levo-2,3-BDO optical purity were also verified. About 39.4 g/L of 2,3-BDO, with a yield of 0.43 g/g, and a levo-:meso-2,3-BDO ratio of 1.9:1, wasobtained at the expense of acetoin, lactic acid, and ethanol in fed-batch fermentation at kLa adjustedwithin its optimized range (7.5 h1) to overcome operational limitations using high initial glucose concentrations. The low pH contributed to the carbon flux shift toward the levo-isomer synthesis, possiblydue to the preferential butanediol dehydrogenase activation, while the highly oxygen-limited environmentfavored the complete acetoin conversion, enhancing the 2,3-BDO yield. These results provide significantcontributions to the high-yield, acetoin-free, and safe bio-based 2,3-BDO production ofparticular interest in large-scale fermentations.

Study on Mechanical Properties and Fracture in Epoxy Composites Reinforced by Hybrid Twill Fabrics

Jorge Fernando de Sousa Oliveira,Mirtânia Antunes Leão,Ana Claudia Melo Caldas Batista,Sérgio Renan Lopes Tinô,Eve Maria Freire de Aquino 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.5

The aim of this study is to determine the influence of hybrid twill fabrics on the conception of polymer composites in terms of their mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms. Parameters associated with the type and/or process of hybridization, such as the presence or not of anisotropy, are influential factors in the final performance of these materials. For this, two composite laminates were manufactured, each containing four layers of reinforced hybrid twill fabrics made from Kevlar-49/AS4 carbon and Kevlar-49/E-glass fibers, with a high-performance epoxy vinyl ester as matrix. Mechanical properties were performed for uniaxial tensile, three-point bending and uniaxial compression tests. The type of hybrid twill fabric directly affected the mechanical properties and damage mechanism of the laminates studied for all loads applied. Highlight that specimens tested to carbon direction exhibited better mechanical behavior.

한국어와 미얀마어의 합성명사 대조 연구-외래어를 중심으로-

( Tin Tin Htwe ) 한민족문화학회 2019 한민족문화연구 Vol.67 No.-

이 연구는 한국어와 미얀마어의 합성어 중에서 합성명사의 형태적 특징을 대조한 연구이다. 미얀마 합성어와 한국어 합성어를 대조하여 한국어를 학습하는 미얀마인들에게 도움이 되기를 바란다. 본 연구에서 한국어 합성어는 영어 외래어를 중심으로 중국어 외래어, 일본어 외래어를 살폈다. 영어 외래어는 현대에 들어와서 전면적으로 차용되기 시작하였고, 한자어는 한국어에서 특수한 위치를 차지하면서 지금까지도 합성어를 만드는 데에 참여하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 미얀마어도 이른 시기부터 외래어가 차용되어 다수의 외래어 합성어가 존재함을 예시와 함께 밝혔다. 특히 빨리(Pali)어는 불교 국가인 미얀마에서 일상생활 용어에까지 넓게 분포되고 있었다. 그리고 몬(Mon)어를 비롯한 다른 부족 언어도 미얀마어(버마어)와 합성되어서 널리 사용되고 있었다. 특히 미얀마는 인도와 한국은 중국과 인접해 있으면서 역사적으로 밀접하게 관련되었으며, 이로 인해 인도, 중국의 어휘가 두 언어에 각각 많이 차용된 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics of compound nouns by studying the compound words of Korean and Myanmar Language. Myanmar learners should be able to learn Korean more easily from sociolinguistic aspects through compound words among various vocabularies. In Korean, Chinese characters occupied a special position. In addition, there are also many foreign words in the Myanmar language, borrowing from foreign words. In particular, Pali language was widely distributed in Myanmar which is a Buddhist country. As a result of analyzing the historical and cultural relations in compound words, we can see that the two countries have historically and influenced the neighboring countries. In particular, Myanmar has been closely related to India and South Korea, suggesting that many of the vocabularies of India and China are borrowed and that a large number of foreign languages appear in compound languages. It is expected that continuous research will be carried out on the compound structure of Korean and Myanmar languages.

Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on Developmental and Gene Expression Rates of Indianmeal Moth Plodia interpunctella

Tin Tin Aye,Jae-Kyoung Shim,Woo-Geun Song,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05

The use of electron beam irradiation has been emerged as one of alternative ways of the restriction of methyl bromide usage for the disinfestation of stored-products and quarantine pests. Here we demonstrated effects of electron beam irradiation on development and gene expression of P. interpunctella, which is a serious pest of various stored-products. P. interpunctella at various developmental stages were irradiated at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 kGy. Eggs failed to hatch at all treated doses of electron beam. Fifth instar larvae pupated only 6.7% by 0.25 kGy irradiation but failed pupation at above doses. Interestingly, survived larvae by low-dose irradiation did not pupated until 40 days. Pupae eclosed to adults only 12.1% by 0.25 kGy irradiation but failed at above doses. In addition, 5-day-old pupae eclosed 94.4, 91.6, 100 and 49.9% at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 kGy, respectively. However, most of those emerged adults were malformed, especially in wings, and showed very low oviposition rate. We demonstrated whether the electron beam irradiation induces gene expression. Upregulated genes at any doses were hsp70, which is a stress-responsive protein, at fifth instar larval stage and hemolin, which is an immune-responsive protein, at pupal stage. Some genes of pupae, such as β-1,3 glucan recognition protein, hsp70 and acp25 (small hsp) were upregulated only at high doses. However, other genes, such as prophenoloxidase, ultraspiracle , ecdysone receptor and heat shock proteins (hsp90, hsc70) were downregulated by irradiation of electron beam

Investment Behavior of Women Business Owners in Myanmar

Tin Tin Htwe,Nay Zin Win 국제금융소비자학회 2019 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.4 No.2

Individuals invest in different types of investment based on their preference and risk taking behavior. Depending on their financial knowledge and awareness, tax and social factors and personal factors, their investment decisions are different. The study aims to identify the investment behavior of women business owners in Yangon, to examine factors of investment behavior and to analyze the relationship between them. The studied population is about 2000 woman business owners, members of Myanmar Women Entrepreneur Association (MWEA). The sample was se-lected by using random sampling method with the sample size of 120 respondents. The result shows that respondents mostly invest in traditional assets such as bank deposits, gold and real estate, rather than modern financial assets such as bonds, stocks and insurance. They mostly used the traditional off-line trading method for investment except for securities trading using on-line means.

Hormonal Regulation of Immune Protein Hemolin Gene Expression of Indianmeal Moth, Plodia interpunctella

Aye Tin Tin,Jung Duck-Oung,Shim Jae-Kyoung,Lee Kyeong-Yeoll 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Cloning of Immune Protein Hemolin cDNA from the Indianmeal Moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its High Induction During Development and by Bacterial Challenge

AYE, Tin Tin,이경열,권용정 한국곤충학회 2004 Entomological Research Vol.34 No.4

Partial cDNA of hemolin, an insect immune protein, was cloned from indianmealmoth, Plodia interpunctella, and the rates of hemolin mRNA expression were demonstrated in eachstage of development and also by bacterial injections. A deduced amino acid sequence from thecloned hemolin cDNA was approximately 44-54% similar to hemolins of 5 other moths. Duringdevelopment the level of hemolin mRNA was the highest at the time of the larval-pupalmatamorphosis. Hemolin was also rapidly induced by the injection of bacteria into the 4thor the 5thinstar larvae. Hemolin induction rate by bacterial challenge was higher in the 5thinstar larvae thanin 4th instars. Our results suggest that hemolin could have multiple roles that act both on cellularprocesses during development and on the immune reactions for the resistance to pathogen invasion.

Factors Associated With Success or Failure of Quit Attempts: A Clinical Approach for Lung Cancer Prevention

Su, Tin Tin,Sallehuddin, Bin Abu Bakar,Murniati, Hj Hussain,Swinder, Jit,Sadat, Nabilla Al,Saimy, Ismail Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

The objective of the study is to investigate the success rate of quit attempts and identify factors associated with success or failure of quit attempts in a quit smoking clinic. A cohort study was conducted with 495 smokers who enrolled in a quit smoking clinic from 2005 to 2008. The factors leading to quit smoking successfully were "being Malay", "having high blood pressure" "type of Nicotine Replacement Therapy" and "duration of follow up". In contrast, clerical staff had negative association to quit smoking. People who started smoking in their teenage years had a high risk of relapse. Integration of active follow up and tailor-made support programmes for quitters appear necessary in order to maintain their non-smoking status and encourage them to be permanent quitters. Integration of quit smoking clinics and primary care clinics could be another potential step for the success of quit smoking programmes.

Molecular Cloning of Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Gene in HSP70 Family and its Expression in Reation to Feeding Mechanism of Plodia interpunctella

Jae-Kyoung Shim,Tin Tin Aye,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05

A glucose-regulated protein 78 (grp78) gene, which is belongs to a heat shock cognate 70 (hsc70) subfamily, was cloned from Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella. Its full length cDNA was 2679 bp and contains a 1980 bp open reading frame. The translated amino acid sequence consists of 660 residues with a calculated molecular mass of 72,975 Da and an isoelectronic point (pI) of 5.27. It contains several highly conserved functional motifs of the Hsp70 family and, particularly, C-terminal motif of KDEL that is characteristic for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) hsc70. Its deduced amino acid sequence shows a high identity (83-94%) with Hsc70s of other insects and grouped with Hsc70-3 among 5 Hsc70 members of Drosophila melanogaster. During development the grp78 transcript level was high in egg, feeding larval and adult stages but low in molting and wandering larval and pupal stages. Particularly its level was higher in the gut than integument and fat body of fifth instars. Furthermore its level was greatly decreased when fifth instar larvae were starved for 48 hrs but recovered at 3-6 hrs after re-fed diet. Our data suggests that grp78 is a member of hsc70 gene that belongs to ER and may have a role for energy metabolism at cellular level.

Uncertified Facility (BSL 2 plus): Its Journey through Life for Preparations and Setting up, Compliance with Biosafety Regulations, Implementation, and Registration of the Facility with the Ministry of Health, Singapore

( Tin Tun ),( Xander Sim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2021 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.53 No.1

An uncertified facility is a facility not certified, as defined in the Biological Agents and Toxins Act (BATA) in Singapore, but has met the requirements of the Ministry of Health to possess First and Fifth Schedule biological agents and toxins. This type of facility is also known as a Biosafety Level 2 Plus (BSL 2+) facility. Registration as an uncertified facility or a BSL 2+ facility requires a certain process and procedure to be sought with the Biosafety Branch of the ministry. This review, shares first-hand knowledge on the journey to achieving registration of the authors’ facility. The procedure involved considerable preparation, setting up facility requirements, biosafety precautions, procedures and practices, and training and competence of laboratory users. The ministry conducted a thorough onsite facility audit to ensure that the facility requirements and biosafety procedures and practices were in place. It then issued an approval letter of possession for the first-time use of biological agents and registered the laboratory as an uncertified facility. The expectation is that the comprehensive information shared may be of great benefit to other facilities with similar interests. Copyright Ⓒ 2021 The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science. All rights reserved.