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Tian, Xue,Song, Hae Seong,Cho, Young Mi,Park, Bongkyun,Song, Yoon-Jae,Jang, Sunphil,Kang, Se Chan Williams & Wilkins Co 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.30
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>To demonstrate the mechanisms of the curative effect of <I>Saussurea lappa</I> ethanol extract (SLE) against prostate cancer, we evaluated the effect of SLE on the induction of apoptosis and autophagy and investigated whether SLE-induced autophagy exerts a pro-survival or pro-apoptotic effect in lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) prostate cancer cells. SLE was prepared using 100% ethanol and added to LNCaP cells for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by Tali assay. The expression of apoptosis-related mRNA and proteins was analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and western blotting. SLE treatment decreased the viability of LNCaP cells and increased Bax expression while suppressing the expression of pro-caspases-8/9/3, PARP, Bid, and Bcl-2, thereby inducing apoptosis in LNCaP cells. Cell proliferation related proteins, including p-Akt, androgen receptor, and prostate-specific antigen, were suppressed by SLE treatment. SLE also induced autophagy in LNCaP cells, and inhibition of autophagy enhanced the apoptosis induced by SLE treatment. These results suggest that SLE exerts anticancer effects through the induction of both cellular apoptosis and autophagy, and apoptotic cell death can be facilitated by blocking autophagy in SLE-treated LNCaP cells. Therefore, SLE might be a potential anticancer agent for the treatment of prostate cancer.</P>
Fan, Fang-Tian,Shen, Cun-Si,Tao, Li,Tian, Chao,Liu, Zhao-Guo,Zhu, Zhi-Jie,Liu, Yu-Ping,Pei, Chang-Song,Wu, Hong-Yan,Zhang, Lei,Wang, Ai-Yun,Zheng, Shi-Zhong,Huang, Shi-Le,Lu, Yin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5
Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) was first found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its expression has been thought to correlate with prognosis. A large number of studies have demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated metastasis, resulting in enhanced malignancy of HCC. However, the roles of PKM2 in HCC EMT and metastasis remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of PKM2 in EGF-induced HCC EMT and elucidate the molecular mechanisms in vitro. Our results showed that EGF promoted EMT in HCC cell lines as evidenced by altered morphology, expression of EMT-associated markers, and enhanced invasion capacity. Furthermore, the present study also revealed that nuclear translocation of PKM2, which is regulated by the ERK pathway, regulated ${\beta}$-catenin-TCF/LEF-1 transcriptional activity and associated EMT in HCC cell lines. These discoveries provide evidence of novel roles of PKM2 in the progression of HCC and potential therapeutic target for advanced cases.
Song, Wei,Zou, Shuanghui,Tian, Yifei,Sun, Su,Fong, Simon,Cho, Kyungeun,Qiu, Lvyang Korea Information Processing Society 2018 Journal of information processing systems Vol.14 No.6
Environment perception and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction tasks are used to provide unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) with driving awareness interfaces. The speed of obstacle segmentation and surrounding terrain reconstruction crucially influences decision making in UGVs. To increase the processing speed of environment information analysis, we develop a CPU-GPU hybrid system of automatic environment perception and 3D terrain reconstruction based on the integration of multiple sensors. The system consists of three functional modules, namely, multi-sensor data collection and pre-processing, environment perception, and 3D reconstruction. To integrate individual datasets collected from different sensors, the pre-processing function registers the sensed LiDAR (light detection and ranging) point clouds, video sequences, and motion information into a global terrain model after filtering redundant and noise data according to the redundancy removal principle. In the environment perception module, the registered discrete points are clustered into ground surface and individual objects by using a ground segmentation method and a connected component labeling algorithm. The estimated ground surface and non-ground objects indicate the terrain to be traversed and obstacles in the environment, thus creating driving awareness. The 3D reconstruction module calibrates the projection matrix between the mounted LiDAR and cameras to map the local point clouds onto the captured video images. Texture meshes and color particle models are used to reconstruct the ground surface and objects of the 3D terrain model, respectively. To accelerate the proposed system, we apply the GPU parallel computation method to implement the applied computer graphics and image processing algorithms in parallel.
Tian-Yu Zhao,Zheng Li,Song Lei,Liu Huang,Lei Yang 연세대학교의과대학 2019 Yonsei medical journal Vol.60 No.7
Purpose: To investigate associations for polymorphisms in β-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase (BCO2, rs10431036 and rs11214109), proproteinconvertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9, rs11583680), and tribbles pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1, rs17321515 and rs2954029), aswell as lifestyle factors, with ischemic stroke (IS). Materials and Methods: This nested case-control study included 161 patients with IS and 483 matched control individuals. Wecollected medical reports, lifestyle details, and blood samples from individuals and used the PCR-ligase detection reaction methodto genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Results: The GA+AA genotype of rs10431036 (p<0.001) and rs17321515 (p=0.003), the CT+TT genotype of rs11214109 (p=0.005),and the TA+AA genotype of rs2954029 (p=0.006) in dominant models increased the risk of IS. In additive models, the GG genotypeof rs17321515 (p=0.005) and the TT genotype of rs2954029 (p=0.008) increased the risk of IS. Adequate intake of fruits/vegetablesreduced the risk of IS (p=0.005). Although there was no interaction between genes and fruits/vegetables, people with inadequateintake of fruits/vegetables who carried a risk genotype had a higher risk of IS than those only having inadequate fruits/vegetables intake or those only carrying a risk genotype. Also, the haplotypes AC, AT, and GT (comprising rs10431036 andrs11214109) and GT (comprising rs2954029 and rs17321515) were found to be associated with an increased risk of IS (p<0.05). Conclusion: Polymorphisms in BCO2 and TRIB1 and fruits/vegetables intake were associated with IS. These results provide thetheoretical basis for gene screening to prevent chronic cerebrovascular diseases.
Numerical simulations of a horizontal axis water turbine designed for underwater mooring platforms
Tian, Wenlong,Song, Baowei,VanZwieten, James H.,Pyakurel, Parakram,Li, Yanjun The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2016 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.8 No.1
In order to extend the operational life of Underwater Moored Platforms (UMPs), a horizontal axis water turbine is designed to supply energy for the UMPs. The turbine, equipped with controllable blades, can be opened to generate power and charge the UMPs in moored state. Three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to study the characteristics of power, thrust and the wake of the turbine. Particularly, the effect of the installation position of the turbine is considered. Simulations are based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the shear stress transport ${\kappa}-{\omega}$ turbulent model is utilized. The numerical method is validated using existing experimental data. The simulation results show that this turbine has a maximum power coefficient of 0.327 when the turbine is installed near the tail of the UMP. The flow structure near the blade and in the wake are also discussed.