Transcriptomic Analysis for Genetic Mechanisms of the Factors Related to Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli O157:H7

Lee, Jin-Hyung,Kim, Yong-Guy,Cho, Moo Hwan,Wood, Thomas K.,Lee, Jintae Springer-Verlag 2011 Current microbiology Vol.62 No.4

Theropod trackways associated with a <i>Gallimimus</i> foot skeleton from the Nemegt Formation, Mongolia

Lee, Hang-Jae,Lee, Yuong-Nam,Adams, Thomas L.,Currie, Philip J.,Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu,Jacobs, Louis L.,Koppelhus, Eva B. Elsevier 2018 Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol.494 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A theropod tracksite was discovered in the Nemegt Formation (Maastrichtian) at Bügiin Tsav, Mongolia by the Korea-Mongolia International Dinosaur Project in 2009. A total of 67 tracks (14 trackways [one didactylous, 13 tridactylous] and 12 isolated tracks) belonging to four ichnomorphotypes were mapped on a single horizon. This indicates at least four different theropod trackmakers lived in the same area at the same time. This tracksite consists of laminated gray mudstone-yellowish brown siltstone couplets interbedded with eolian yellowish brown sandstone deposited on a distal floodplain. Abundant footprints with V-shaped profiles (cross-section) within in the vertical section indicate that dinosaurs repeatedly walked across in this area. Before the discovery of the tracks, the site was illegally excavated by fossil poachers, a widespread problem in the Gobi Desert. During excavation of the track horizon, a clenched, inclined <I>Gallimimus</I> foot skeleton was found in the mudstone, extended down 20cm below the track-bearing sandstone layer. The occurrence of tracks closely associated with body fossils is unusual and taphonomically intriguing. It is possible that the foot skeleton represents an animal that died in its tracks. However, the depth of the foot in mud is probably too shallow for the animal to have been mired. Sedimentological and taphonomic evidence also suggests that the pes of <I>Gallimimus</I> may have passed straight through the track-bearing sandstone layer. The inclined right pes indicates that the body lay on its left side on the substrate. During decomposition in the mud, all digits were flexed but the distal phalanges were stuck and anchored in the stiff lower mud. Consequently, as more proximal phalanges were able to accommodate flexing, they were pulled away and dislocated from the anchored distal phalanges. Subsequent trampling by dinosaurs in the track-bearing sandstone would have further distorted the underlying foot.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The first report of theropod trackways from the Nemegt Formation in Bügiin Tsav, Mongolia </LI> <LI> Taphonomic interpretation of a <I>Gallimimus</I> foot skeleton associated with theropod tracks </LI> <LI> An interpretation of disarticulation and distortion of the foot skeleton is proposed. </LI> </UL> </P>

In vitro Pollen Performance of Pinus densiflora and P. rigida: Temperature and Medium Nutrient Effects

Lee, Young-Keun,Kim, Yong-Ok,Booth, Thomas,Lee, Eun Ju The Ecological Society of Korea 2002 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.25 No.6

Effects of environmental factors on in vitro pine pollen performance were investigated. Pinus densiflora and P. rigida pollen grains collected at Mt. Kwanak, Korea were used. Three environmental factors, such as pollen storage temperature, pollen culture temperature and nutrient condition in medium, were tested. To determine the storage temperature effects on pollen viability, pine pollen was stored at $-70^{\circ}C$, $-12^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$. Pollen viability was substantially extended at the storage temperatures of $-12^{\circ}C$ and $4^{\circ}C$ for more than 300 days. To elucidate the culture temperature effects on pine pollen germination and tube growth, pollen grains were cultured at the temperatures from $5^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$ at $5^{\circ}C$intervals. The germination rate and tube growth were highest at $25^{\circ}C$ and decreased above $30^{\circ}C$. To investigate boron and sucrose effects on pollen tube growth, the pollen was cultured at different sucrose and boric acid concentrations. Germination rate was optimal in germination medium containing 3 or 5$\%$ sucrose with 0.01 $\%$ boric acid. These results indicate that the pine pollen can be stored for considerable length of time without noticeable loss of viability at storage temperature below or near $0^{\circ}C$. Optimal germination medium conditions were established for pine pollen. Therefore, pine pollen can be used for many biological and environmental monitoring researches.

에너지와 환경

Thomas Lee M 한국에너지협의회 1989 에너지協議會報 Vol.13 No.-

Translating Good Advice Into Better Practice?

Lee, Thomas H.,Cooper, Herbert L. MediMedia Korea 1998 JAMA-Korea Vol.13 No.3

Teaching Public Law and International Law In the United States

Thomas H. Lee 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2006 성균관법학 Vol.18 No.2

Plasmonic nano-necklace arrays <i>via</i> reconstruction of diblock copolymer inverse micelle nanotemplates

Lee, Ji Yong,Lee, Jieun,Jang, Yu Jin,Lee, Juyon,Jang, Yoon Hee,Kochuveedu, Saji Thomas,Lee, Sang Soo,Kim, Dong Ha Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 SOFT MATTER Vol.7 No.1

<P>We present a facile strategy for the generation of plasmonic nano-necklace arrays by introducing metallic precursors into strings of reconstructed inverse micelle nanotemplates which are induced by applying sequential selective solvent treatment and solvent vapour annealing for quasi-hexagonal arrays of poly(styrene-<I>block</I>-2-vinyl pyridine) inverse micelles.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A generalized protocol to fabricate plasmonic nano-necklace arrays with controlled composition was suggested <I>via</I> reconstruction of inverse micelle nanotemplates. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0sm00972e'> </P>

Natrolites with different Fe^2+/Fe³⁺ cation ratios

Lee, Yongmoon,Vogt, Thomas,Lee, Yongjae Elsevier 2017 Microporous and mesoporous materials Vol.244 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the synthesis and structural characterization of two iron-exchanged natrolites, Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> <SUB>4.0</SUB>Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>2.7</SUB>Al<SUB>16</SUB>Si<SUB>24</SUB>O<SUB>80</SUB>·29(1)H<SUB>2</SUB>O (Fe-NAT4951) and Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> <SUB>6.4</SUB>Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>1.1</SUB>Al<SUB>16</SUB>Si<SUB>24</SUB>O<SUB>80</SUB>·24H<SUB>2</SUB>O (Fe-NAT8119) at different pressures and temperatures using ambient, high-temperature and in-situ high-pressure synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). At ambient conditions, Fe-NAT4951 crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure with space group <B>F</B> <I>dd2</I> whereas the structure of Fe-NAT8119 is monoclinic with <B>C</B> <I>c</I> symmetry. Due to the presence of more H<SUB>2</SUB>O molecules in Fe-NAT4951 the channels are more circular as indicated by a T<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>10</SUB> (T = Si,Al) chain rotation angle of 12.6(1)° compared to 20.4(1)° in Fe-NAT8119. The coordination number of the Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> cations in the channels of Fe-NAT4951 is 3 and 4, whereas Fe-NAT8119 has 7- and 4-fold coordination, respectively. The two materials behave differently under hydrostatic pressures: due to a discontinuous pressure-induced hydration the volume of Fe-NAT8119 expands by 14.1(1) % near 1.0(1) GPa, whereas the volume of Fe-NAT4951 gradually decreases with pressure. Under increasing temperature and as a result of abrupt dehydration, the unit cell volume of Fe-NAT4951 contracts by ca. 8.3(1) % near 125(1) °C whereas Fe-NAT8119 contracts only by ca. 5.0(1) % near 225(5) °C.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Comparative structural study of Fe-NATs at (non-) ambient conditions. </LI> <LI> Mössbauer spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement and EXAFS were examined to characterize Fe-NATs. </LI> <LI> Structural evolutions of Fe-NATs at (non-) ambient conditions were related to distributions of Fe2+ and Fe3+. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Directed Self-Assembly of Asymmetric Block Copolymers in Thin Films Driven by Uniaxially Aligned Topographic Patterns

Lee, Dong-Eun,Ryu, Jaegeon,Hong, Dongki,Park, Soojin,Lee, Dong Hyun,Russell, Thomas P. American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.2

<P>We present a simple, versatile approach to generate highly ordered nanostructures of block copolymers (BCPs) using rubbed surfaces. A block of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) was dragged across a flat substrate surface above the melting point of PTFE transferring a highly aligned PTFE topographic pattern to the substrate. Si wafer, glass, and polyimide films were used as substrates. Thin films of cylinder-forming asymmetric polystyrene-<I>block</I>-poly(2-vinylpyridine) copolymers (S2VPs) were solvent annealed on the surfaces having the transferred surface pattern to induce their directed self-assembly. Cylinders of P2VP oriented normal to the surface are markedly aligned along the rubbing direction and used as templates to generate extremely uniform arrays of various metallic nanoparticles of gold, silver, and platinum over a large area.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2018/ancac3.2018.12.issue-2/acsnano.7b08226/production/images/medium/nn-2017-08226j_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn7b08226'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Hierarchical networks of redox-active reduced crumpled graphene oxide and functionalized few-walled carbon nanotubes for rapid electrochemical energy storage

Lee, Byeongyong,Lee, Chongmin,Liu, Tianyuan,Eom, Kwangsup,Chen, Zhongming,Noda, Suguru,Fuller, Thomas F.,Jang, Hee Dong,Lee, Seung Woo Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Nanoscale Vol.8 No.24

<P>Crumpled graphene is known to have a strong aggregation-resistive property due to its unique 3D morphology, providing a promising solution to prevent the restacking issue of graphene based electrode materials. Here, we demonstrate the utilization of redox-active oxygen functional groups on the partially reduced crumpled graphene oxide (r-CGO) for electrochemical energy storage applications. To effectively utilize the surface redox reactions of the functional groups, hierarchical networks of electrodes including r-CGO and functionalized few-walled carbon nanotubes (f-FWNTs) are assembled via a vacuum-filtration process, resulting in a 3D porous structure. These composite electrodes are employed as positive electrodes in Li-cells, delivering high gravimetric capacities of up to similar to 170 mA h g(-1) with significantly enhanced rate-capability compared to the electrodes consisting of conventional 2D reduced graphene oxide and f-FWNTs. These results highlight the importance of microstructure design coupled with oxygen chemistry control, to maximize the surface redox reactions on functionalized graphene based electrodes.</P>