Natural Resource Beta Wave Technology To Stimulate Rural Primary Education

Teik Wei YEAP,Salleh ABD RASHID 한국직업자격학회 2017 한국직업자격학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using Natural Resource Beta Wave Technology (NRBWT) in literacy to stimulate students with learning disabilities in chinese primary school in Perlis, the Rural Northen State in Malaysia. This quantitative research was designed using Quasi-experimental method. 31 respondents selected as a sample in Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina (SJKC) in Perlis, Malaysia. This study was treated with Simulation Beta Wave with 20Hz for a period of 9 weeks and without any controlled sample treatment group. A cognitive test of C1 and C2 where ‘C’ stands for ‘construct’ tool was used to collect data before and after the intervention was done. Amidst the treatment, the pre-test and post-test achievement tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Beta Wave of 20Hz. The findings of this study was analyzed using the SPSS 22 with descriptive mean, frequency, % and multiple regression. The results indicates that the effect of Beta wave green technology with 20Hz gives significant positive influence in the learning of students with learning disabilities as a Northen Rural State in Malaysia.

Diagnostic Performance of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, 18F-FDG PET/CT and 131I-MIBG Scintigraphy in Mapping Metastatic Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

Teik Hin Tan,Zanariah Hussein,Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad,Ibrahim Lutfi Shuaib 대한핵의학회 2015 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.49 No.2

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 68Ga- DOTATATE 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), 18F-FDGPET/CTand 131I-MIBG scintigraphy in themapping of metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Materials and Methods Seventeen patients (male=8, female=9; age range, 13–68 years) with clinically proven or suspicious metastatic pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma were included in this prospective study. Twelve patients underwent all three modalities, whereas five patients underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE and 131I-MIBG without 18FFDG. A composite reference standard derived from anatomical and functional imaging findings, along with histopathological information, was used to validate the findings. Results were analysed on a per-patient and on per-lesion basis. Sensitivity and accuracy were assessed using McNemar’s test. Results On a per-patient basis, 14/17 patients were detected in 68Ga-DOTATATE, 7/17 patients in 131I-MIBG, and 10/12 patients in 18F-FDG. The sensitivity and accuracy of 68Ga- DOTATATE, 131I-MIBG and 18F-FDG were (93.3 %, 94.1 %), (46.7 %, 52.9 %) and (90.9 %, 91.7 %) respectively. On a per-lesion basis, an overall of 472 positive lesions were detected; of which 432/472 were identified by 68Ga-DOTATA TE, 74/472 by 131I-MIBG, and 154/300 (patient, n=12) by 18F-FDG. The sensitivity and accuracy of 68Ga-DOTATATE, 131I-MIBG and 18F-FDG were (91.5 %, 92.6 % p<0.0001), (15.7 %, 26.0 % p<0.0001) and (51.3 %, 57.8 % p<0.0001) respectively. Discordant lesions were demonstrated on 68Ga- DOTATATE, 131I-MIBG and 18F-FDG. Conclusions Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT shows high diagnostic accuracy than 131I-MIBG scintigraphy and 18F-FDG PET/ CT in mapping metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Diagnostic Value of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in Liver Metastases of Neuroendocrine Tumours of Unknown Origin

Teik Hin Tan,이분낭,Siti Zarina Amir Hassan 대한핵의학회 2014 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.48 No.3

Purpose In neuroendocrine liver metastases of unknown primary,a multimodality approach is usually adopted and consistsof transabdominal ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound(EUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), nuclear medicine techniques, endoscopy andexploratory surgery. The purpose of the study is to evaluatethe diagnostic value of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emissiontomography (PET)/CT as part of a multimodality approach inneuroendocrine liver metastases of unknown primary. Materials and Methods Six patients (M:F=5:1, age range 28–56 years) with immunohistochemically proven neuroendocrineliver metastases but inconclusive initial CT work-upwere retrospectively analysed. Clinical finding, histopathology,comparative imaging and follow-up were used to validatethe results when ethically justified. Results 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT identified the primarytumour in five out of six (83.3 %) patients: pancreas (n =4)and stomach (n =1). Out of three patients with indeterminateprimary on initial CT, two patients were confirmed by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Absence of uptake in indeterminateprimary of one patient was later confirmed negative by histopathology. In another three patients with undetected primaryon initial CT, primary site was demonstrated in all patientswith unsuspected metastases in two patients on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/ CT. No further work-up was done to confirmthe primary in patients with distantmetastases. Change ofmanagement was observed in three out of six (50 %) patients. Conclusion Our small study indicates that 68Ga-DOTATATEPET/CT is a promising diagnostic option in the multimodalityapproach to neuroendocrine liver metastases of unknownprimary origin.

A Rare Case of Isolated Pericardial Effusion Detected by SPECT/CT on a Post-Therapeutic Radioiodine Whole-Body Scan

Teik Hin Tan,Siti Zarina Amir Hassan 대한핵의학회 2015 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.49 No.3

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Utility of Lung Perfusion SPECT/CT in Detection of Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease: Outcome Analysis

Teik Hin Tan 대한핵의학회 2023 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.57 No.1

Purpose To evaluate the clinical outcome of Q-SPECT/CT in pulmonary thromboembolic disease. Methods From Jan 2020 to Jan 2021, 30 consecutive patients (M:F = 8:22; median age = 52 year (21–89)) suspected ofhaving acute pulmonary embolism (PE) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) were referred fornon-contrasted Q-SPECT/CT. All patients were COVID-19 PCR negative. MSKCC Q-SPECT/CT and/or PISAPED criteriawere used to determine the presence of thromboembolic disease in Q-SPECT/CT. Final diagnosis was made based oncomposite reference standards that included at least 2-month clinical cardiorespiratory assessment and follow-up imaging. Results Q-SPECT/CT was positive in 19 patients: indeterminate in 1 and 10 were negative. Three false positive cases wereobserved during follow-up. Of the remaining 16 true positives, all patients’ cardiorespiratory symptom were improved orstabilised after treatment with anticoagulants. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of Q-SPECT/CTwere 100% (95% CI, 79.41–100%), 78.57% (95% CI, 49.20–95.34%), 84.21% (95% CI, 66.41–93.57%), 100% and 90.00%(95% CI, 73.47–97.89%) respectively. Conclusions In the current COVID-19 pandemic, Q-SPECT/CT can be an alternative modality to detect pulmonary thromboembolicdisease. Normal Q-SPECT/CT excludes pulmonary thromboembolic disease with high degree of certainty. However, false positive has been observed.

Extended Whole-body Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT in evaluating Tumour-Induced Osteomalacia: Case report and review of literature

Teik Hin Tan,Ew-Jun Chen,Ming Tsuey Chew,Ping Ching Chye,Ming Wong 대한핵의학회 2021 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.55 No.3

Tumour-induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome that manifests as chronic hypophosphataemia, non-specific bone pain and muscle weakness. It is generally caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour (PMT), which is uncommonly associated with synchronous tumours. However, diagnosis is often delayed for several years due to the rarity, indolent growing nature and non-specific symptoms of the disease, often resulting in an overlook by clinicians during assessments. The patient initially presented with hypophosphataemia and generalised skeletal pain with multiple atraumatic fractures. Blood tests revealed serum calcium levels at the upper limit and extremely low inorganic phosphate levels. Herein, we report a case where two synchronous PMTs from two different sites were detected by ‘extended’ whole-body Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT, leading to remission of the disease after complete surgical removal. Early detection and diagnosis of PMT neoplasm is crucial, as complete surgical resection of this tumour is the only definitive treatment currently known. Upon excision, this curable disease will result in complete resolution of symptoms and blood parameters, leading to remission of the disease which significantly improves the patient’s quality of life. PMT often over-expresses somatostatin receptors (SSTR), predominantly subtype 2A, and Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT is a selective SSTR imaging that targets this characteristic over-expression in these tumours. The high diagnostic accuracy of Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT should be the primary imaging modality for full evaluation of this disease.

Dual Thyroid Ectopia with Graves' Disease: a Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Tan, Teik Hin,Lee, Boon Nang,Hassan, Siti Zarina Amir,Ch'ng, Ewe Seng,Hussein, Zanariah The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2012 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.46 No.4

Ectopic thyroid or thyroid ectopia is a rare developmental anomaly with the prevalence of 1 per 100,000-300,000 population. Even rarer, such an anomaly manifests as dual thyroid ectopia. To our best knowledge, only one case has been reported on dual thyroid ectopia with Graves' disease in the English literature. We present here a case of dual thyroid ectopia complicated by Graves' disease, whereby the diagnosis was rendered through judicious use of various diagnostic modalities coupled with a close clinical follow-up. In this case, therapeutic consideration should be personalized with proper informed consent of the patient.

Impact of ⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-Peptide PET/CT on the Management of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumour (GI-NET): Malaysian National Referral Centre Experience

Tan, Teik Hin,Boey, Ching Yeen,Lee, Boon Nang 대한핵의학회 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.2

Purpose The National Cancer Institute is the only referral centre in Malaysia that provides $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide imaging. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide PET/CT on the management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours (GI-NET). Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed to review the impact of $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide ($^{68}Ga$-DOTATATE or $^{68}Ga$-DOTATOC) PET/CT on patients with biopsy-proven GI-NET between January 2011 and December 2015. Suspected NET was excluded. Demographic data, tumoral characteristics, change of disease stage, pre-PET intended management and post-PET management were evaluated. Results Over a 5-year period, 82 studies of $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide PET/CT were performed on 44 GI-NET patients. The most common primary site was the rectum (50.0%) followed by the small bowel, stomach and colon. Using WHO 2010 grading, 40.9% of patients had low-grade (G1) tumour, 22.7% intermediate (G2) and 4.5% high (G3). Of ten patients scheduled for pre-operative staging, $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide PET/CT only led to therapeutic change in three patients. Furthermore, false-negative results of $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide PET/CT were reported in one patient after surgical confirmation. However, therapeutic changes were seen in 20/36 patients (55.6%) scheduled for post-surgical restaging or assessment of somatostatin analogue (SSA) eligibility. When $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide PET/CT was used for monitoring disease progress during systemic treatment (sandostatin, chemotherapy, everolimus and PRRT) in metastatic disease, impact on management modification was seen in 19/36 patients (52.8%), of which 84.2% had inter-modality change (switch to everolimus, chemotherapy or PRRT) and 15.8% had intra-modality change (increased SSA dosage). Conclusions $^{68}Ga$-DOTA-peptide PET/CT has a significant impact on management decisions in GI-NET patients as it can provide additional information on occult metastasis/equivocal lesions and supply the clinician an opportunity to select patients for targeted therapy.

Erratum to: Diagnostic Performance of ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and ¹³¹I-MIBG Scintigraphy in Mapping Metastatic Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

Tan, Teik Hin,Lee, Boon Nang,Hussein, Zanariah,Saad, Fathinul Fikri Ahmad,Shuaib, Ibrahim Lutfi The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2016 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.50 No.1

Antioxidant value and Antiproliferative Efficacy of Mitragynine and a Silane Reduced Analogue

Goh, Teik Beng,Yian, Koh Rhun,Mordi, Mohd Nizam,Mansor, Sharif Mahsufi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: To investigate the antioxidant value and anticancer functions of mitragynine (MTG) and its silane-reduced analogues (SRM) in vitro. Materials and Methods: MTG and SRM was analyzed for their reducing power ability, ABTS radical inhibition and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazylfree radicals scavenging activities. Furthermore, the antiproliferation efficacy was evaluated using MTT assay on K 562 and HCT116 cancer cell lines versus NIH/3T3 and CCD18-Co normal cell lines respectively. Results: SRM and MTG demonstrate moderate antioxidant value with ABTS assay (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC): $2.25{\pm}0.02$ mmol trolox / mmol and $1.96{\pm}0.04$ mmol trolox / mmol respectively) and DPPH ($IC_{50}=3.75{\pm}0.04mg/mL$ and $IC_{50}=2.28{\pm}0.02mg/mL$ respectively). Both MTG and SRM demonstrate equal potency ($IC_{50}=25.20{\pm}1.53$ and $IC_{50}=22.19{\pm}1.06$ respectively) towards K 562 cell lines, comparable to control, betulinic acid (BA) ($IC_{50}24.40{\pm}1.26$). Both compounds showed concentration-dependent cytototoxicity effects and exert profound antiproliferative efficacy at concentration > $100{\mu}M$ towards HCT 116 and K 562 cancer cell lines, comparable to those of BA and 5-FU (5-Fluorouracil). Furthermore, both MTG and SRM exhibit high selectivity towards HCT 116 cell lines with selective indexes of 3.14 and 2.93 respectively compared to 5-FU (SI=0.60). Conclusions: These findings revealed that the medicinal and nutitional values of mitragynine obtained from ketum leaves that growth in tropical forest of Southeast Asia and its analogues does not limited to analgesic properties but could be promising antioxidant and anticancer or chemopreventive compounds.