LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotope data from the granitic rocks in the Iwakuni area, southwest Japan: reevaluation of emplacement order and the source magma

Tayyaba Mateen,Kazuaki Okamoto,Sun-Lin Chung,Kuo-Lung Wang,Hao-Yang Lee,Shuhei Abe,Yuji Mita,Hafiz U. Rehman,Masaru Terabayashi,Hiroshi Yamamoto 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.6

U-Pb-Hf isotopes of zircons from the granitic intrusive rocks in the Iwakuni area of southwest Japan are determined by LA-ICP-MS analysis. The Gamano Granodiorite belonging to the Older Ryoke Granites of the Ryoke Belt yielded U-Pb mean age of 92.3 ± 2.6 Ma (MSWD = 1.8). The Namera Granite belonging to the Younger Ryoke Granites of the Ryoke Belt yielded U-Pb mean age of 106.3 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 2.3). The Shimokuhara Granite belonging to the Hiroshima Granites of the San-yo Belt yielded U-Pb mean age of 103.8 ± 1.5 Ma (MSWD = 0.32). A granite porphyry sample taken from about 15 m thick dike discordantly intruded into pelitic schist of the Ryoke metamorphic rocks yielded U-Pb mean age of 92.5 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.63). Hf isotope data, obtained from the same dated zircon grains, show initial 176Hf/177Hf isotopic ratios referred to as “εHf(t)” generally ranging between –4.8 and +1.1 except an anomalously low value (–15.0) from an inherited core. The εHf(t) values, calculated with average crustal 176Lu/177Hf ratio of 0.015, correspond to Hf isotope crustal model ages between 1474 to 1087 Ma (Mesoproterozoic). The Gamano Graodiorite has long been regarded to be a syn-tectonic intrusion, but the zircon ages and εHf(t) values are similar to those of the post-tectonic granite porphyry dike. The results of this study together with available U-Pb zircon ages of granitic rocks in the Iwakuni area reported elsewhere reveal that the order of emplacement indicated by the U-Pb zircon ages are much discrepant with the traditional classification, the Older Ryoke, the Younger Ryoke. It is better to refrain from the use of “Older” and “Younger” for the collective names of the granitic intrusive bodies.

Mobilizing Informal Economic Sector to Uphold Urban Institutional Resilience: A Case Study of Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Tayyaba RIAZ,Abdul WAHEED,Shahzad ALVI 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.5

The informal economy is a large part of the urban economy. The informal economy accounts for about half of Pakistan’s GDP. This research examined nine different areas of Rawalpindi’s Central Business District’s business sector (CBD). A survey of 404 respondents from 16 CBD marketplaces enables a comprehensive examination of who works in the informal and formal economic sectors, how much they earn, their goals, perception of their job, and their degree of similarity to the rest of the working population. Furthermore, the statistics illustrate the pro-cyclical connections between the informal economic sector and the formal economy. The Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) technique is used for the analysis. The MLR results indicated the informal economic sector holds positive relation with earning members in a family, business expertise, average business sale, and negative relation with education level, satisfaction with government tax policies, household expense, and average investment in the business. From a resilience standpoint, governance is considered an intentional collective action to preserve a stable system condition. Hence, the current study recommends tax reforms and government institution reorganization to mobilize the informal sector and make effective institutional governance.

Comparing palliative treatment options for cholangiocarcinoma: photodynamic therapy vs. radiofrequency ablation

Tayyaba Mohammad,Michel Kahaleh 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.3

Referral to an endoscopist is often done once curative resection is no longer an option for cholangiocarcinoma management. In suchcases, palliation has become the main objective of the treatment. Photodynamic therapy and radiofrequency ablation can be performedto achieve palliation, with both procedures associated with improved stent patency and survival. Despite the greatly increased cost andassociation with photosensitivity, photodynamic therapy allows transmission to the entire biliary tree. In contrast, radiofrequency ablationis cheaper and faster to apply, but requires intraductal contact. This paper reviews both modalities and compares their efficacy andsafety for bile duct cancer palliation.

DETERMINANTS OF UNDERLYING FACTORS OF CONSUMERS’ BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TOWARDS THE ADOPTION OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING

Tayyaba Noreen,Sang-Lin Han 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

The rise of technology has brought innovations in the field of marketing. The most modern trend of marketing is termed as social media marketing. Social media is not only reducing the communication distance in the world but the discovery of social media provided opportunities for business to increase their exposure. However, it has been observed that regardless of the advantages of new technology some time users’ are reluctant to accept and use that technology. Considering these facts, the investigation of the factors affecting consumers’ intention for the acceptance and use of social media marketing (SMM) has been the greatest concern of the researcher. Other facet of this study is to understand the nature of consumers’ behavior across culture. This research is an empirical study for testing the underlying factors that influence the users’ intention for the acceptance and use of SMM. Current research proposes SMM acceptance model by integrating unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and technology acceptance model along with personal constructs. As the focus of this study was on UTAUT, hence majority of factors were selected from this theory. The survey was conducted with sample of 612 participants from South Korea and Pakistan. Findings by using structural equation modeling revealed that attitude towards online advertisement and electronic word of mouth significantly affect users’ intention for acceptance of SMM. Moreover, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influence, perceived usefulness, and perceived risk significantly influence users’ attitude towards advertisement. It has been found that the effect of social influence, perceived usefulness, and involvement is significant on attitude towards electronic word of mouth (eWOM). Moderating effects of nationality, gender, and use frequency are also tested on integrated model. The findings are helpful to understand consumer behavior and advantageous for marketing strategies. This research will contribute to the literature within the domain of social media marketing. The findings along with implications and recommendations for future research were also discussed at the end.

Artificial Intelligence based Tumor detection System using Computational Pathology

Tayyaba Naeem,Shamweel Qamar,Peom Park 한국시스템엔지니어링학회 2019 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.15 No.2

Pathology is the motor that drives healthcare to understand diseases. The way pathologists diagnose diseases, which involves manual observation of images under a microscope has been used for the last 150 years, it’s time to change. This paper is specifically based on tumor detection using deep learning techniques. Pathologist examine the specimen slides from the specific portion of body (e-g liver, breast ,prostate region) and then examine it under the microscope to identify the effected cells among all the normal cells. This process is time consuming and not sufficiently accurate. So, there is a need of a system that can detect tumor automatically in less time. Solution to this problem is computational pathology: an approach to examine tissue data obtained through whole slide imaging using modern image analysis algorithms and to analyze clinically relevant information from these data. Artificial Intelligence models like machine learning and deep learning are used at the molecular levels to generate diagnostic inferences and predictions; and presents this clinically actionable knowledge to pathologist through dynamic and integrated reports. Which enables physicians, laboratory personnel, and other health care system to make the best possible medical decisions. I will discuss the techniques for the automated tumor detection system within the new discipline of computational pathology, which will be useful for the future practice of pathology and, more broadly, medical practice in general.

Artificial Intelligence based Tumor detection System using Computational Pathology

Naeem, Tayyaba,Qamar, Shamweel,Park, Peom The Korean Society of Systems Engineering 2019 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.15 No.2

Pathology is the motor that drives healthcare to understand diseases. The way pathologists diagnose diseases, which involves manual observation of images under a microscope has been used for the last 150 years, it's time to change. This paper is specifically based on tumor detection using deep learning techniques. Pathologist examine the specimen slides from the specific portion of body (e-g liver, breast, prostate region) and then examine it under the microscope to identify the effected cells among all the normal cells. This process is time consuming and not sufficiently accurate. So, there is a need of a system that can detect tumor automatically in less time. Solution to this problem is computational pathology: an approach to examine tissue data obtained through whole slide imaging using modern image analysis algorithms and to analyze clinically relevant information from these data. Artificial Intelligence models like machine learning and deep learning are used at the molecular levels to generate diagnostic inferences and predictions; and presents this clinically actionable knowledge to pathologist through dynamic and integrated reports. Which enables physicians, laboratory personnel, and other health care system to make the best possible medical decisions. I will discuss the techniques for the automated tumor detection system within the new discipline of computational pathology, which will be useful for the future practice of pathology and, more broadly, medical practice in general.

User Interface Application for Cancer Classification using Histopathology Images

Naeem, Tayyaba,Qamar, Shamweel,Park, Peom The Korean Society of Systems Engineering 2021 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.17 No.2

User interface for cancer classification system is a software application with clinician's friendly tools and functions to diagnose cancer from pathology images. Pathology evolved from manual diagnosis to computer-aided diagnosis with the help of Artificial Intelligence tools and algorithms. In this paper, we explained each block of the project life cycle for the implementation of automated breast cancer classification software using AI and machine learning algorithms to classify normal and invasive breast histology images. The system was designed to help the pathologists in an automatic and efficient diagnosis of breast cancer. To design the classification model, Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained breast histology images were obtained from the ICIAR Breast Cancer challenge. These images are stain normalized to minimize the error that can occur during model training due to pathological stains. The normalized dataset was fed into the ResNet-34 for the classification of normal and invasive breast cancer images. ResNet-34 gave 94% accuracy, 93% F Score, 95% of model Recall, and 91% precision.

Pressure-induced metal–insulator transitions in chalcogenide NiS_2-<i>x</i>Se_<i>x</i>

Hussain, Tayyaba,Oh, Myeong-jun,Nauman, Muhammad,Jo, Younjung,Han, Garam,Kim, Changyoung,Kang, Woun Elsevier 2018 PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER - Vol.536 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the temperature-dependent resistivity <I>ρ</I>(<I>T</I>) of chalcogenide NiS<SUB>2-<I>x</I> </SUB>Se<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB> (<I>x</I> = 0.1) using hydrostatic pressure as a control parameter in the temperature range of 4–300K. The insulating behavior of <I>ρ</I>(<I>T</I>) survives at low temperatures in the pressure regime below 7.5kbar, whereas a clear insulator-to-metallic transition is observed above 7.5kbar. Two types of magnetic transitions, from the paramagnetic (PM) to the antiferromagnetic (AFM) state and from the AFM state to the weak ferromagnetic (WF) state, were evaluated and confirmed by magnetization measurement. According to the temperature–pressure phase diagram, the WF phase survives up to 7.5kbar, and the transition temperature of the WF transition decreases as the pressure increases, whereas the metal–insulator transition temperature increases up to 9.4kbar. We analyzed the metallic behavior and proposed Fermi-liquid behavior of NiS<SUB>1.9</SUB>Se<SUB>0.1</SUB>.</P>

Exploratory Study of the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Purchase Intention: Comparative Study of Pakistan and South Korea

Noreen, Tayyaba,Han, Sang-Lin Korean Marketing Association 2015 ASIA MARKETING JOURNAL Vol.17 No.3

Social media marketing have drawn substantial attention in business and academia. This study examines the impact of social media marketing on purchase intention of consumer in South Korea and Pakistan. The research background rests on literature of social media, social media marketing, electronic word of mouth and social media advertisement. Descriptive research method is adopted for the purpose of this study. The findings indicated that South Korean users have higher intention to purchase products through social media platforms as compared to users in Pakistan. The results also show that electronic word of mouth has greater influence on purchase intention as compared to advertisement on social networks. Managerial implications and limitations of the study results were also discussed.

Development of Empirical Model for Biomachining to Improve Machinability and Surface Roughness of Polycrystalline Copper

Imran Muhammad,Tayyaba Khatoon,Sahar M. Sana Ullah,고태조 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.5 No.2

The demand for sustainable micro-manufacturing technologies is growing with their increasing application in micro and nanoelectromechanical systems. The micro-manufacturing techniques utilizing physical or chemical energy have adverse effect on environment. Utilization of biological energy could be a benign alternative approach. In the exhaustive list of micro-manufacturing processes, biomachining is the only process that utilizes biological energy by making use of the energy pathway of microorganisms for removing metals. Biomachining has been proven to present numerous advantages such as being environmental friendly, low consumption of energy, and no recast layer/heat affected zone generation. Despite all the advantage, biomachining has not been commercialized because of the common shortcomings reported i.e. a low metal removal rate and increased surface roughness after machining. The aim of this study is to develop an empirical model to optimize and predict machinability and surface roughness of polycrystalline copper in a biomachining process using response surface methodology. The correlation between different processes has been investigated and central composite design (CCD) was employed to develop an empirical model based on the correlation between input variables (process parameters) and output responses (MRR and change in Ra). The optimum values of selected parameters were predicted and verified by performing a series of experiments.