Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) from Russian Far Eastern seas: re-evaluation of Laminaria multiplicata Petrov et Suchovejeva

Klochkova, Tatyana A.,Kim, Gwang-Hoon,Lee, Kyung-Min,Choi, Han-Gu,Belij, Mihail N.,Klochkova, Nina G. The Korean Society of Phycology 2010 ALGAE Vol.25 No.2

Eight unusual individuals of a laminariaceaen species were collected from the Sea of Okhotsk in 1974 and described as a new species, Laminaria multiplicata Petrov et Suchovejeva in 1976. Since that time no new information, including pictures and numerical data, has been provided, although the species was cited in floristic lists of the Sea of Okhotsk based on the first record in 1976. We investigated a type and 3 paratypes of L. multiplicata and strongly believe that they were wrongfully identified abnormal plants of L. gurjanovae A. Zinova. Therefore, the species L. multiplicata needs to be closed.

Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) from Russian Far Eastern seas: re-evaluation of Laminaria multiplicata Petrov et Suchovejeva

Tatyana A. Klochkova,김광훈,Kyung Min Lee,Han-Gu Choi,Mihail N. Belij,Nina G. Klochkova 한국조류학회I 2010 ALGAE Vol.25 No.2

Eight unusual individuals of a laminariaceaen species were collected from the Sea of Okhotsk in 1974 and described as a new species, Laminaria multiplicata Petrov et Suchovejeva in 1976. Since that time no new information, including pictures and numerical data, has been provided, although the species was cited in floristic lists of the Sea of Okhotsk based on the first record in 1976. We investigated a type and 3 paratypes of L. multiplicata and strongly believe that they were wrongfully identified abnormal plants of L. gurjanovae A. Zinova. Therefore, the species L. multiplicata needs to be closed.

<i>Olpidiopsis</i> sp., an oomycete from Madagascar that infects <i>Bostrychia</i> and other red algae: Host species susceptibility

West, John A.,Klochkova, Tatyana A.,Kim, Gwang Hoon,Loiseaux-de Goë,r, Susan Blackwell Publishing Asia 2006 Phycological research Vol.54 No.1

<P>SUMMARY</P><P><I>Olpidiopsis</I> sp. (Oomycota) was cultured with its original host <I>Bostrychia moritziana</I> (Sonder ex Kützing) J. Agardh from Madagascar. Bean-shaped zoospores with two heterokont flagella attached to the host cell wall surface and in 2 days host cells began collapsing and one or more syncytia developed in each infected cell. Zoospores were cleaved and an exit tube with a small plug was formed. Complete development and zoospore discharge occurred in 3 days. Infection occurred in cells of polysiphonous branches, monosiphonous branches, rhizoids and reproductive stichidia. Dead cells of plants treated with microwave were not infected. Susceptibility was variable in other <I>Bostrychia</I> species from different countries. <I>Bostrychia moritziana</I> (Sonder ex Kützing) J. Agardh<I>,</I> and <I>Bostrychia radicans</I> (Montagne) Montagne from Madagascar were susceptible but one <I>Bostrychia tenella</I> (J. V. Lamouroux) J. Agardh isolate from Madagascar was susceptible and two were not. <I>B. radicosa</I> (Itono) J. A. West, G. C. Zuccarello et M. Hommersand isolates from Madagascar, Thailand, Australia and New Caledonia were susceptible but an isolate from Malaysia was not. <I>B. radicans</I> isolates from Mexico and Brazil were non-susceptible as were <I>Bostrychia flagellifera</I> Post, <I>Bostrychia harveyi</I> Montagne, <I>Bostrychia montagnei</I> Harvey, <I>Bostrychia simpliciuscula</I> Harvey ex J. Agardh<I>, Bostrychia tenuissima</I> R. J. King et Puttock<I>, Stictosiphonia intricata</I>(Bory de Saint-Vincent) P. C. Silva, <I>Stictosiphonia kelanensis</I> (Grunow) R. J. King et Puttock and <I>Stictosiphonia tangatensis</I> (Post) R. J. King et Puttock, <I>Lophosiphonia</I> sp., <I>Neosiphonia</I> sp. and <I>Polysiphonia</I> spp. isolates were also non-susceptible. Many non-susceptible strains showed initial cell-collapse followed by rapid wound-repair cell formation without syncytia or sporangia developing. <I>Caloglossa leprieurii</I> (Montagne) G. Martens from Madagascar showed cell-collapse and wound-repair in periaxial cells, but wing cells died and became purple without wound-repair. <I>Caloglossa ogasawaraensis</I> Okamura and <I>Caloglossa postiae</I> M. Kamiya et R. J. King had no symptoms of infection. <I>Dasysiphonia chejuensis</I> I. K. Lee et J. A. West was not infected. Surprisingly, the conchocelis phase but not the blade phase of <I>Porphyra pulchella</I> J. A.West, G. C. Zuccarello and <I>Porphyra suborbiculata</I> Kjellman was infected. The conchocelis of <I>Porphyra tenera</I> Kjellman and <I>Porphyra linearis</I> Greville were infected but no blade stages were tested. <I>Porphyra miniata</I> (C. Agardh) C. Agardh and <I>Porphyra dentata</I> Kjellman conchocelis were not infected. <I>Bangia atropurpurea</I> (Roth) C. Agardh gametophyte filaments were not infected. Other red, brown and green algae were not infected. Time lapse videomicroscopy of development and spore release was done.</P>

Morphological and molecular identification of Alaria paradisea (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) from the Kurile Islands

Klimova, Anna V.,Klochkova, Nina G.,Klochkova, Tatyana A.,Kim, Gwang Hoon The Korean Society of Phycology 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.1

Alaria is the second largest genus of the Laminariales, which is distributed far into the northern Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Due to its high morphological plasticity, over 100 specific and sub-specific names have been used in Alaria, this has been tailored down to the present 17 species through morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Endemic species of Alaria from Russian Far East have not been thoroughly revised since their original description, and few of them were confirmed using molecular data until recently. We carried out morphological and molecular studies on A. paradisea which is an endemic species distributed on the Kurile Islands, first described by Miyabe and Nagai in 1932 as Pleuropterum paradiseum. The range of morphological variability and its distribution was re-evaluated using the type specimen as well as other specimens. Analyses of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer sequences showed that A. paradisea nested within the genus Alaria, but differs morphologically from any other Alaria species in having additional sporophylls with a central midrib (${\beta}-sporophylls$). Our results showed that A. paradisea clearly belongs to the genus Alaria based on DNA data, although the key morphological character that was used to include this species to the genus Pleuropterum, ${\beta}-sporophylls$, is stable and distinguishes it from other Alaria species.

Morphological and molecular identification of Alaria paradisea (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) from the Kurile Islands

Anna V. Klimova,Nina G. Klochkova,Tatyana A. Klochkova,김광훈 한국조류학회I 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.1

Alaria is the second largest genus of the Laminariales, which is distributed far into the northern Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Due to its high morphological plasticity, over 100 specific and sub-specific names have been used in Alaria, this has been tailored down to the present 17 species through morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Endemic species of Alaria from Russian Far East have not been thoroughly revised since their original description, and few of them were confirmed using molecular data until recently. We carried out morphological and molecular studies on A. paradisea which is an endemic species distributed on the Kurile Islands, first described by Miyabe and Nagai in 1932 as Pleuropterum paradiseum. The range of morphological variability and its distribution was re-evaluated using the type specimen as well as other specimens. Analyses of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer sequences showed that A. paradisea nested within the genus Alaria, but differs morphologically from any other Alaria species in having additional sporophylls with a central midrib (β-sporophylls). Our results showed that A. paradisea clearly belongs to the genus Alaria based on DNA data, although the key morphological character that was used to include this species to the genus Pleuropterum, β-sporophylls, is stable and distinguishes it from other Alaria species.

Proteomic profiles and ultrastructure of regenerating protoplast of Bryopsis plumosa (Chlorophyta)

Tatyana A. Klochkova,곽민석,김광훈 한국조류학회I 2016 ALGAE Vol.31 No.4

When a multinucleate cell of Bryopsis plumosa was collapsed by a physical wounding, the extruded protoplasm aggregatedinto numerous protoplasmic masses in sea water. A polysaccharide envelope which initially covered the protoplasmicmass was peeled off when a cell membrane developed on the surface of protoplast in 12 h after the wounding. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the protoplasmic mass began to form a continuous cell membrane at 6h after the wounding. The newly generated cell membrane repeated collapse and rebuilding process several times untilcell wall developed on the surface. Golgi bodies with numerous vesicles accumulated at the peripheral region of therebuilding cell at 24 h after the wounding when the cell wall began to develop. Several layers of cell wall with distinctiveelectron density developed within 48-72 h after the wounding. Proteome profile changed dramatically at each stage ofcell rebuilding process. Most proteins, which were up-regulated during the early stage of cell rebuilding disappeared orreduced significantly by 24-48 h. About 70-80% of protein spots detected at 48 h after the wounding were newly appearedones. The expression pattern of 29 representative proteins was analyzed and the internal amino acid sequences wereobtained using mass spectrometry. Our results showed that a massive shift of gene expression occurs during the cellrebuildingprocess of B. plumosa.

Proteomic profiles and ultrastructure of regenerating protoplast of Bryopsis plumosa (Chlorophyta)

Klochkova, Tatyana A.,Kwak, Min Seok,Kim, Gwang Hoon The Korean Society of Phycology 2016 ALGAE Vol.31 No.4

When a multinucleate cell of Bryopsis plumosa was collapsed by a physical wounding, the extruded protoplasm aggregated into numerous protoplasmic masses in sea water. A polysaccharide envelope which initially covered the protoplasmic mass was peeled off when a cell membrane developed on the surface of protoplast in 12 h after the wounding. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the protoplasmic mass began to form a continuous cell membrane at 6 h after the wounding. The newly generated cell membrane repeated collapse and rebuilding process several times until cell wall developed on the surface. Golgi bodies with numerous vesicles accumulated at the peripheral region of the rebuilding cell at 24 h after the wounding when the cell wall began to develop. Several layers of cell wall with distinctive electron density developed within 48-72 h after the wounding. Proteome profile changed dramatically at each stage of cell rebuilding process. Most proteins, which were up-regulated during the early stage of cell rebuilding disappeared or reduced significantly by 24-48 h. About 70-80% of protein spots detected at 48 h after the wounding were newly appeared ones. The expression pattern of 29 representative proteins was analyzed and the internal amino acid sequences were obtained using mass spectrometry. Our results showed that a massive shift of gene expression occurs during the cell-rebuilding process of B. plumosa.

Isolation and Characterization of a Sex-Specific Lectin in a Marine Red Alga, Aglaothamnion oosumiense Itono

Han, Jong Won,Klochkova, Tatyana A.,Shim, Jun Bo,Yoon, Kangsup,Kim, Gwang Hoon American Society for Microbiology 2012 Applied and environmental microbiology Vol.78 No.20

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>In red algae, spermatial binding to female trichogynes is mediated by a lectin-carbohydrate complementary system.Aglaothamnion oosumienseis a microscopic filamentous red alga. The gamete recognition and binding occur at the surface of the hairlike trichogyne on the female carpogonium. Male spermatia are nonmotile. Previous studies suggested the presence of a lectin responsible for gamete recognition on the surface of female trychogynes. A novel<I>N</I>-acetyl-d-galactosamine-specific protein was isolated from female plants ofA. oosumienseby affinity chromatography and named AOL1. The lectin was monomeric and did not agglutinate horse blood or human erythrocytes. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein was analyzed, and degenerate primers were designed. A full-length cDNA encoding the lectin was obtained using rapid amplification of cDNA ends-PCR (RACE-PCR). The cDNA was 1,095 bp in length and coded for a protein of 259 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 21.4 kDa, which agreed well with the protein data. PCR analysis using genomic DNA showed that both male and female plants have this gene. However, Northern blotting and two-dimensional electrophoresis showed that this protein was expressed 12 to 15 times more in female plants. The lectin inhibited spermatial binding to the trichogynes when preincubated with spermatia, suggesting its involvement in gamete binding.</P>

Host–parasite interactions and host species susceptibility of the marine oomycete parasite, Olpidiopsis sp., from Korea that infects red algae

Klochkova, Tatyana A.,Shim, Jun Bo,Hwang, Mi Sook,Kim, Gwang Hoon Springer-Verlag 2012 Journal of applied phycology Vol.24 No.1

Morphology and phytogeography of Laminaria appressirhiza and L. inclinatorhiza (Phaeophyceae) from the Sea of Okhotsk

Tatyana A. Klochkova,김광훈,Mihail N. Belij,Nina G. Klochkova 한국조류학회I 2012 ALGAE Vol.27 No.3

The re-examination of morphological and anatomical characters of Laminaria appressirhiza and L. inclinatorhiza collected from different localities in the Sea of Okhotsk was performed. Despite their commercial and ecological importance to the region they have not been comprehensively reviewed since their first description in 1970. Our results show that some original diagnostic key characters (e.g., shape of holdfast, shape of sporangial sori, and dissection of blade) are not stable and have deviations from the type morphology when plants grow in different environments. In L. inclinatorhiza, the sporangial sori development occurred differently to the pattern indicated in original species description as they did not develop simultaneously on both sides of the blade. Instead, the sporangial sori outlines on both sides of the blade did not coincide at first and only became coincident later. Also, a deep-water population of L. inclinatorhiza with an unusual and interesting morphology, growing at depths of 15-25 m on opened rocky coasts in Taujskaya Bay (northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk) was found. The stable diagnostic key characters to distinguish these two species are the cone-like, multilayered, very thick and massive holdfast (in L. inclinatorhiza) and rolled margins of blades, lamellar rosette-like part of thallus, and sporangial sori developing only on one side of the blade (in L. appressirhiza). The ecological characteristics, distribution, and abundance of both species in the Sea of Okhotsk are discussed. Both species are perennial and widely distributed in the region. L. appressirhiza is more often found as a subdominant species among other kelps, forming maximum biomass and density of 7-9 kg and 8-25 plants per 1 m2, respectively. L. inclinatorhiza sometimes forms local mono-species communities with maximum biomass and density of 10-12 kg and 10-15 plants per 1 m2, respectively.