박남수 시의 디아스포라적 특성 고찰

남기택(Nam, Gi-taek) 경성대학교 인문과학연구소 2014 인문학논총 Vol.34 No.-

본고는 미주지역 재미한인문학을 한민족 디아스포라문학의 한 형태로 간주하여 접근하였다. 디아스포라문학에 대해서는 다양한 범주 설정이 가능하다. 오늘날 디아스포라의 양상 자체가 폭넓게 확산되고 있는바 미주지역 이민과 그 문화적 부산물인 재미한인문학 역시 넓은 의미에서 한민족 디아스포라의 형태로 보는 것이 타당하다. 박남수는 이주 이후에도 변함없이 생의 본질을 묻는 실존적 탐구를 지속하였다. 그 과정에서 디아스포라문학으로서의 가능성 역시 보여주었다. 재미한인문단의 실정과 그에 관계되는 박남수의 문학적 이력 자체는 박남수 시를 미주지역 디아스포라문학으로 읽는 데 있어 필수적인 전제가 된다. 이주 이후 박남수 시세계에는 인종과 공간의 다양한 경계 양상이 서로 충돌하고 있다. 이러한 다각도의 인종과 공간 지평은 결과적으로 한민족 디아스포라의 운명과 유비되면서 특유의 문학적 지평을 형성하게 된다. 무엇보다 디아스포라적 사건과 장소의 형상화 양상은 한민족 디아스포라문학의 관점에서 주요하게 조명되어야 한다. 박남수 시는 한민족 디아스포라와 이주민으로서의 정체성이 여전히 구성적인 것이라는 점을 반증하고 있다. 또한 박남수 시는 재미한인문학이 전유해야 할 문학적 주제나 정체된 문학장 메커니즘의 활성화 방안을 제공한다. 재미한인문학 연구는 국문학 연구에 있어서 중요한 시의적 의미를 지닌다. 재미한인문학장은 민족국가 단위로 설정되었던 한국문학의 외연을 확장하고, 민족공동체에 대한 탈근대적 사유를 가능케 하는 물리적 기제일 수 있다. 이처럼 박남수 시는 시인의 삶으로부터 시적 주제에 이르기까지 미주지역 디아스포라문학을 대표하는 실정적 의미를 지닌다. This paper analyzes the Park Nam-soo’s poetry in the States from the perspective of diaspora. The recent growth in the Korean literature’s publication abroad demands the perspective of diaspora in the States. This paper attempts to explore the various levels of meanings of the Park Nam-soo’s poetry published in light of the Korean diaspora. The topics of Park Nam-soo’s poetry are related to the experience of space and place, the search for the placeness. It is related to the hardship of the immigrant lives and the identity questions too. Sorrow or sadness is a key feature of the immigrant situation in which the experiences in the home countries still continue to influence the immigrants. Park Nam-soo’s poetry are related to the experience of diaspora: the hardship of the immigrant lives, the identity questions, and the search for the ethnicity. Diaspora involves not only the direct territorial immigration to another country, but also the systemic imposition of the alien’s culture. Diasporic event is a key feature of the immigrant situation in which the experiences in the ethnic ommunity still continue to influence the immigrants. Especially, LA Riots of 1992 is the main subject of this paper. Such event inevitably results from diaspora. The Korean-American poetry is characterized by the diasporic meaning of the social attitude. The Korean-American poetic literature involves the systemic imposition of the alien’s field of literature. It is characterized by the complex meaning of the space and place. Its typical examples are the poetic attributes which are the appropriate spirit of the immigrant lives and ethnic identity.

영성의 시적 변주

남기택(Nam, Gi-taek) 한국비평문학회 2014 批評文學 Vol.- No.52

본고는 영성(spirituality)이 현대사회의 아포리아를 극복하고 미적 모더니티를 대체할 수 있는 주요한 사상적 범주라는 전제에서 출발하였다. 이러한 입장에서 영성이 지닌 문학사상적 의미와 현 단계 전유의 지점을 모색해 보았다. 영성에 관한 반성과 사유는 궁극적으로 영성이 지닌 고유한 의미와 미적 가치를 현재화하려는 시도의 일환일 수 있다. 영성과 종교적 상상력에 주목해야 하는 이유는 모더니티가 이른 한계상황과 직접적으로 관련된다. 현대사회에 팽배해 있는 극단의 폐단들은 이성과 제도의 관점에서 더 이상 치유하기 힘든 구조적 속성을 지닌다. 자본주의의 질서 자체가 근본적으로 무한한 욕망에 근거한 규범이라는 차원에서 본질적인 모순을 내포한다. 문학을 포함한 문화 전반에 내재된 본성 역시 자본주의라는 제도의 성격을 벗어나지 못한다. 종교적 상상력은 또한 영지(靈知, gonosis)의 관점에서 보다 폭넓은 의미를 시사하고 있다. 영지 혹은 영지학(gnoseology)은 근대적 인식론이나 해석학을 넘어설 수 있는 실정적 방법론으로 주목되는 바이다. 영지는 일반적으로 영적 인식, 신비적 직관 등으로 이해되고 있다. 미뇰로는 영지학을 영지에 관한 담론으로, 영지를 억견(doxa)과 인식(episteme)을 모두 포함한 지식 일반으로 사용한다. 그는 ‘경계영지(border gnosis)’ 개념을 통해 근대/식민 세계체제의 내부 경계와 외부 경계 모두에서 나오는 지식 생산에 대한 비판적 성찰을 수행하고자 한다. 비판적 영성 혹은 영지의 문학적 전유는 한국문학의 본질을 이해하고 미학적 대안을 구성하는 데 있어서도 유용한 판단을 제공하리라 본다. 이는 한국 현대문학의 형성과 전개 과정에서 실재했던 경향이기도 하거니와 현 단계 문학적 자기반성의 노력 속에서 부단히 실험되는 양상이기도 하다. 본고는 이에 대한 이론적 모색의 일환으로서 폭넓은 차원에서 영성의 시학적 가능성을 진단하고 대표적인 사례를 논증하였다. 그 결과 상상력과 영성의 관점에서 마종기와 손종호 시를, 실존과 종교적 상상력의 관점에서 유치환과 최인희 시를, 영지와 대안근대의 가능성 관점에서 김정환과 신동엽 시를 예시하였다. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the meaning of spirituality and religious imagination. It can be referred to as problematic objects what shared converging and diverging points in looking into and understanding the problems of the modernity reflected in literature. This paper tries to apply the altermodernity and border thinking in broad sense to its works based on the efforts to study history in various lights. The spirit and works of religious imagination literature prove our centralized surroundings and the typical pattern of living in unreasonable modern times by performing effects. And the purpose of this paper is seeking both theoretical basis and practical methodology for studying religious literature. It can be emphasized that the study of gnosis need to focus on system and institutional aspect. It is also important that the study of spiritual literature should embrace perspective of transmodernity as well as modernity. For example, the poems of spirituality deals mainly with the meaning of God and human existence. Although God is seen as that of Christianity in poems, it doesn’t have any image of the Absolute, who can salvage humans. Without salvation, humans remain helpless beings. The God who has no power to salvage humans represents a secularized divinity. Paradoxically, secularized divinity is expressed as the sanctification of the secular. Negative perceptions on God lead to an introspection on the meaning of humans’s current life, as a result of which humans realize the true meaning of existence and get salvation. In spiritual poems, the existential image of sanctified nature and Mother Terra is evident. In addition, the meaning of will-power to overcome such helplessness most distinctively appear in spiritual poems. In so doing, religious imagination tries to provide an image not only of the absolute death, which is the limitation of the existence, but also of the real live of humans and altermodernity.

단기간의 등척성 운동 트레이닝이 cross-effect, overflow-effect

남택길,김범수 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine the overflow effect and cross effect to isometric elbow joint training that performed in specific angle of unilateral elbow joint. Fifteen healthy students, aged 21.3±2.41yrs, were participated in this study. Before and after the training, isometric training of the both elbow joint was performed at nine different angles, i.e., 110, 105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80, 75 and 70degrees, respectively, by KIN-COM(isokinetic dynamometer) in sitting position. The results obtained in the present study were as follows : 1. The left elbow joint doing train with 90°flexion was increased a muscular strength (13.87%) and The right elbow joint undoing train was increased a muscular strength(13.96%). 2. The cross effect of the right undoing train was increased a muscular strength(9. 5%~17.32%) and was significantly observed on between 80°and 85°. 3. The overflow effect of the left doing train was increased a muscular strength (3.9 1%~26.5%) and was significantly observed on between 85°and 75°. 4. The variable muscular strength among the angles was a lower rate on the right but the cross effect was observed at all angles. The smaller angle, the higher variable muscular strength on the left and the overflow effect was observed at all angles. 5. At the rate for a week, Muller reported, " Muscular strength could be increased an average 5% a week." But This study hadn't a significant difference. These results lead us to the conclusion that the isometric elbow joint training on specific angle show limitedly cross effect and overflow effect. If we applied to effective training of a long term, many participant, carried a load degree and controlled compensatory movement, should examine closely to cross effect and overflow effect. Therefore, A further direction of this study will be to provide more evidence for this result.

식도암에서 외부방사선치료와 근접방사선치료의 병용요법

남택근,나병식,오윤경 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives: To evaluate the role of brachytherapy following external radiotherapy by retrospective analysis in view of survival and prognostic factors in esophageal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: From Apr. 1999 to Dec. 2000, a total of 28 patients, who were diagnosed as esophageal carcinoma, were treated by curative external radiotherapy followed by brachytherapy with or without chemotherapy. Eligible primary tumors were located in the thoracic esophagus and lymphatic metastases were restricted to supraclavicular or mediastinal nodes. External radiotherapy was performed by 6 MV or 10 MV X-ray and the range of doses was 50.0 Gy - 59.4 Gy (median; 54.9) to primary tumors. One week later, the intraluminal brachtherapy (IB) was performed by high-dose rate remote controlled afterloader with radioisotope of ^192Ir. Fraction size of IB was 2~5 Gy, twice a week and delivered up to total doses of 3 Gy~ 20 Gy (median; 12). Twenty-one patients were treated by concurrent chemotherapy with the agents of cisplatin and 5-FU. Cisplatin, 75 ㎎/㎡, was given on the first day of weeks 1, 5, 8, 11 and 5-FU, 1,000 ㎎/㎡, was administered as a continuous infusion for the first 4 days of each course. Results: The estimated median survival time was 15 months and 1, 2, 3-year survival rates were 60.7%, 27.5%, 9.2%, respectively. The median survival time (MST) of the patients with stage II (n=9), III (n=17), IVA (n=2) were 20, 15, 5 months, respectively (p=0.68). The MST of the patients with complete response vs partial response were 21 vs 14 months, respectively (p=0.12). The MST of patients younger than 60 years vs older were 22 vs 12 months, respectively (p=0.07). The MST of patients with ECOG performance index 1 vs 2 were 16 vs 10 months, respectively (P=0.06) Tile Mn of patients treated by concurrent chemotherapy vs untreated were 20 vs 12 months, respectively (p=0.07). Four patients (14.3%) suffered massive hematemesis after brachytherapy and one patient with local recurrence salvaged by esophagectomy had mediastinal abscess. Of 21 patients treated by concurrent chemoradiothetapy, one patient had pancytopenia and other two patients had severe leukopenia. Conclusion: This study showed no better outcomes of brachytherapy boost after external radiotherapy than historical results of external radiotherapy alone. Concurrent chemotherapy might have more significant therapeutic role rather than brachytherapy boost and the employment of brachythelapy should be considered with great caution in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma.

발화기구의 정량적 해석을 위한 재현 실험 : 2차연도 유류화재 재현시험 the 2nd year, for Ignitable Implements using Oil

박남규,김진표,박종택,김윤회 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-

高血壓 患者의 血壓管理實態와 韓方利用 現況

申宅秀,柳聖琦,鄭明秀,李起男 한국전통의학연구소 2006 한국전통의학지 Vol.15 No.1

This Study aims at looking into the use of oriental medical services in treating hypertension. The first objective to be explored through this study is the morbidity caused by the disease, classifying them by age, gender, and occupation. The second is to determine the regular use of anti-hypertensive medicine and their efficacy in controlling blood-pressure. The third is to investigate the use-rate and satisfaction of oriental medical service. 838 households across the country, were asked to answer questionnaires for the period of time from Apr. to Jun. 2005. The conclusion from the survey can be summarized as following. The age of which the first medical diagnosis of hypertension were made showed lower in males, those with higher education and income. The study showed females were more active in blood-pressure control, with their frequent monitoring of blood-pressure for the past year. With age, people in under 50 age group proved to be less active. The management of high blood pressure was more effective in group with regular dosage compared to group with irregular use of anti-hypertensive medication, but their difference was minimal. Also, group with no medication showed signs of blood-pressure control. The use of oriental medical service for the past year, were more frequent in groups with lower education, either low or high income, old age, females and occupations in agriculture, forestry and fishing industry. Results were similar in both general population and high blood-pressure patient group. Females, people over 51 years old and with lower education showed more intentions in utilizing oriental medical services in the future. Results were similar in both general population and high blood-pressure patient group. It is necessary to offer a more accurate information on oriental medical treatments. Also, a systematic reform to reduce the patient's share of the treatment cost, as well as, heightening public awareness on the infirmity of present blood-pressure management system is crucial.

생물무기의 국제적 위협 및 미국의 대비실태 분석

이남택 원광대학교 2005 圓光軍事論壇 Vol.- No.1

Due to the excessive concerns about nuclear and chemical weapons and ballistic missile proliferation, biological weapons and biological arms control were overshadowed during the Cold War. Taking advantage of the loose control by international treaties, such as Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), and also due to the wide availability of key biological-related technologies and know-how, poor countries tried to develop and possess biological weapons. These countries knew that lethal efficiency of biological weapons was even more potential than that of nuclear weapons, and that they could not win out over advanced countries like United States in a conventional war. All of these aspects were enough to stimulate less developed countries to seek for unconventional or asymmetrical weapons. As a result of such pursuit, many countries became to possess biological weapons and are showing a potential threat to the global society. By the way, North Korea, a hostile country to us, has already equipped with biological weapons as well as chemical and unclear weapons. This situation is pressing Korean government to prepare with countermeasures against them. The purpose of this article is to analyze the international threat posed by biological weapons and its countermeasures by the United States government. A careful study of the United States' efforts on this issue would be beneficial to the preparation of Korean governmental countermeasures against the threat of North Korea's biological weapons.

일본자료를 통해 본 ㆍ의 변천과정

진남택 국어학회 2004 국어학 Vol.0 No.44

본고에서는 한국어를 일본문자인 가나로 기록한 18-19세기초(?)의 일본자료《전일도인》《물명》《교린수지》를 분석하여 ㆍ의 음성적인 면 및 그 변천과정을 고찰하였다. 이들 자료에 나타나는 어두의 ㆍ의 변천과정은 다음과 같다.《전일도인》에 나타나는 어두의 ㆍ는 선행자음에 따라 a단과 o단 가나로 전사되어 있으나,《물명》과《교린수지》의 음주에서는 모두 a단으로 기록되어 있어《물명》의 시기 이후에는 어두의 ㆍ>ㅏ의 변화가 완성되었음을 보여주고 있다. 그러나 세 자료에서 비어두의 ㆍ는 대부분 o단으로 기록되어 있어 u단으로 기록되어 있는 ㅡ와는 구별되어 있다. 만약 이 시기에 비어두의 ㆍ가 ㅡ와 합류된 상태라면 비어두의 ㆍ는 u단으로 기록되어 있었을 것이다. 이러한 가나전사는 어두에서 ㆍ>ㅏ의 변화가 일어난 18세기 이후의 시기에도 비어두의 ㆍ는 일정기간 음가를 유지하였을 가능성을 보여준다. The aim of this study is to clarify the process of the change of Korean Vowel ㆍ[Λ] in the analysis of the transcriptions of Korean source-materials (i. e. Korean textbooks for Japanese written in the 18-19th centuries, Jen'ichidojin(全一道人), Butsumyo(物名), and Korinsuchi(交隣須知)) which are written with the Japanese writing system. The results are as follows. 1) In Jen'ichidojin, the vowel ㆍ[Λ] in the first syllable of the lexical morphemes is transcribed with Japanese a or o according to preceding consonants. 2) In Butsumyo and Korinsuchi, the vowel ㆍ[Λ] in the first syllable of the lexical morphemes is transcribed with Japanese a, which means that the merger of the vowel ㆍ[Λ] and ㅏ[a] is completed. 3) The vowel ㆍ[Λ] which is not in the first syllable of the lexical morphemes is usually transcribed with Japanese o in the three textbooks. Also the vowel ㆍ[Λ] in the above condition is not merged with the vowel -[Ш] previous to the 18th century.

ZnSe 단결정에 대한 열자극 발광과 열자극 전류의 동시측정

전경남,유승철,고석룡,신용규,김택성,이춘호 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學 Vol.17 No.-

두 종류의 ZnSe 분말을 사용하여 sublimation 방법으로 성장한 ZnSe 단결정(as grown)에 대하여 TSC와 TSL을 동시 측정하였으며, PL과 DLTS를 측정하였다. PL 측정으로 I_1, I_2와 DAP 발광을 관측하였으며 DLTS에 의한 깊은준위를 관측하였다. TSL과 TSC의 동시 측정으로부터 얻은 그로우 곡선을 점근 해법으로 분해하여 세개의 준위를 얻었으며 그들의 활성화에너지값은 0.22 eV, 0.30 eV, 0.39 eV이었다. PL spectrum과 열자극 완화과정의 동시 측정 결과로부터 0.22 eV 근방에 impurity에 의한 주게준위와 native defect에 의한 받게준위가 각각 전도대의 아래와 가전자대의 위에 존재하는 것으로 판명되었다. DLTS 측정과 동시측정 결과로부터 0.30 eV와 0.39 eV의 준위는 V_se vacancy와 관련되는 주게 준위임을 알았다. Simultaneous measurements of TSL were carried out on ZnSe single crystals grown by high pressure Bridgman technique and the PL and DLTS signals were observed. Photoluminescence spectrum at 10 K on the ZnSe crystal reveals I_1 and I_2 lines, as well as DAP emission line. DLTS spectrum on the ZnSe crystal show electron trap at 0.33 eV. Two TSC and TSL peaks were observed near 215 K and 230 K, which are identified as having originated from two donor trap levels at 0.30 eV and 0.39 eV, respectively, below the bottom of the conduction band. We also observed single TSL and TSC peaks at 150 K which were identified as having originated from a donor and acceptor trap levels at about 0.22 eV below the conduction band and over the top of the valence band, respectively.

QoS를 보장하기 위한 DiffServ-MPLS 연동 기법

정경택,한철민,김남희,정동수 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

In an IP network, various types of traffics are statistically multiplexed to utilize efficiently the network resources.The DiffServ-MPLS supports a wide variety of communication services with different QoS requirements. The DiffServ-MPLS based on QoS architecture had become one of the most promising ways to guarantee QoS Multi-service IP network. But how to manage IP network with QoS guarantee is still an open issue. In this paper, we propose DiffServ-MPLS buffer management technique using the specified policing, queuing, and scheduling.