A toxicogenomics study of two chemicals in coffee roasting process

Kyung‑Taek Rim,Soo‑Jin Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

Background Roasted coffee beans are broadly consumed in nearly all classes of the population. 2,3-Butanedione is a food flavor that causes obstructive bronchiolitis in microwave popcorn manufacturing workers. It can be naturally produced when coffee is roasted. Objective To determine effects of 2,3-butanedione (diacetyl) and 2,3-pentanedione on workers’ health during the coffee roasting process, we performed a toxicogenomics study for differentially expressed genes in lung cells after exposure to the two chemicals. Results Gene selection was performed by clustering, gene ontology/pathway, and data mining using microarray data. Target microRNAs and genes were selected based on the expression of microRNAs and correlation analysis of genes and microRNAs. As a result of expression analysis of target gene miRNAs affected by the two chemicals, it was evaluated that Fosl1, Rb1, Aspn, Dusp1, Rnf19b, Jun, and Hbegf were over-regulated by targeting down-regulated miRNAs mutated by two chemicals. Using OMIM database and KEGG pathway, we found that Terc and Bmpr2 were two changed genes by matching with the KEGG disease pathway database. Conclusion Dosage, duration, exposure, and extrapolations are necessary to reflect effects of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione on workers in the coffee roasting process. This study focuses on early biochemical changes, mechanisms, and early biomarker discovery when normal lung cells are exposed to these two chemicals.

사상체질과 신체형태지수와의 연관성

박경아,김희진,허경석,안수경,이성호,이종은,이원택 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.4

근대 초기 일본의 학교와 지역사회와 국가

임경택(Yim, Kyung-Taek) 비교민속학회 2014 비교민속학 Vol.0 No.55

이 글은, 근대 일본 초기의 학교 교육이 천황제국가의 확립을 위해 어떠한 역할을 하였는지, 그 역할은 무엇을 토대로 이루어졌는지 등에 대해 구체적으로 논의하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 학교는 단순히 교육사의 문제가 아니라 일본 제국 전체의 진로와 크게 관련되어 있기 때문이다. 필자가 인류학적 필드워크를 수행했던 지바현 사와라의 ‘사와라소학교(佐原小學校)’를 주요 고찰 대상으로 하여, 한편으로는 국(國)-현(縣)으로 이어지는 공교육정책에 당시의 사와라가 어떻게 대응하고, 그것이 사와라소학교에 어떠한 형태로 나타났는가를 구체적으로 기술하였다. 즉 학교와 지역사회 그리고 국가의 관계에 대한 필드워크의 기록을 바탕으로 역사인류학적으로 추적해 보고자 하는 것이다. 이러한 연구는 일본근대교육의 초창기 모습을 밝히고, 천황제국가의 군국주의 교육의 전사(前史)로서도 중요한 의미를 지니고 있으며, ‘일본 제국’의 출발점을 구체적으로 분석하는 중요한 시도가 될 것이라 생각한다. 1872년 8월 3일에 문부성이 공포한 ‘학제’는 근대 일본의 교육제도의 최초의 설계도라 할 수 있는데, 이는 공교육이라는 개념조차 존재하지 않았던 때에, 전국적으로 동일한 교육제도를 위로부터의 명령으로 일거에 시행하려고 한 것이었다. 이 학제에 근거하여 창립된 ‘사와라소학교’는 1873(메이지 6)년 5월 30일, ‘제1대학구 제29번 중학구 소학 제1교’라는 명칭으로 개교하였다. 개교 당시 학생은 21명(남19명, 여2명)이었으나, 연말에 이르자 215명(남 136명, 여 79명)으로 늘어났고, 소학교의 교원(敎員)은 학구에서 선정하였다. 사와라 소학교 창립과 관련하여 사와라무라의 유지들이 거액을 기부하여 추진하였고, 창립 3년 만에 주민들 사이에 정착하게 되었다. 1879년에는 ‘학제’가 폐지되고, ‘교육령’이 공포되었다. ‘교육령’은 지역차를 인정하고 민간의 부담을 경감시키는 것을 목표로 하였다. 하지만 이 ‘교육령’은 1880년 12월 28일에 개정되는데, 이 ‘개정교육령’이 소학교 교육의 두 번째 분수령이 되었다. 개인주의적·실리주의적인 ‘학제’에서 출발한 교육이 우선 ‘교육령’으로 완만하게 좌선회하였고, 이어서 우경화로 급선회한 것이다. 또한 여태까지의 지육(智育)편중에서 덕육(德育) 즉 이데올로기교육을 중시하는 방향으로 전환하였으며, 국가재정난으로 인해 국고보조금이 폐지되었다. 이와 같이, 일본에서 소학교 교육의 추진은 무엇보다도 지역사회를 중심으로 이루어져 왔다. 즉 메이지시대의 학교는 촌락공동체적 성격을 농후하게 반영하고 있었다. 그것은 학교가 원래 천황의 학교로 전국에 일률적으로 발족하게 되기는 하였지만, 실제의 담당자는 촌락공동체의 지도자인 구 지방 명망가(名望家)층이었다는 것이다. 이와 같은 사정으로 학교가 만들어졌기 때문에, 학교는 애초부터 ‘국가의 기관’과 ‘지역의 기관’으로서의 성격을 동시에 제도적으로 보장받았다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 학교와 가족?촌락공동체와의 일체화는, 일본근대화정책의 일환으로서 교육제도를 정비하는 과정에서, 의도적으로 만들어낸 측면이 있었다는 것을 빼놓을 수 없다. 학교는 ‘지역’과 ‘국가’의 양측으로부터 작용해 오는 힘을 결합하고 조정하는 장이었다. 하지만 시간이 흐름에 따라 궁극적으로는 천황제 이데올로기를 심어주는 주요한 기관이 되었던 것이다. This article aims to discuss in detail the role of school for the establishment of the Emperor system in early modern Japan. The school is not only a problem about the history of education. It is associated largely with the course of the entire Japanese empire. I mainly consider Sawara Elementary School as a major object. Sawara is the place that I carried out anthropological fieldwork. And I focus on two points-the response of Sawara district to the public education policy, the reflection to Sawara Elementary School. In other words, I want to trace the relationship among the school and the community and the nation-state on the perspective of historical anthropology. This study reveals the earliest appearance of modern education in Japan, Imperial system, and has the meaning of militaristic education of Japan. Futhermore, I think it would be important to try to analyze the specific starting point of the Empire of Japan. The Ministry of Education promulgated a ‘School System(?制)’ on August 3, 1872. In 1879, the ‘School System’ was abolished, and announced ‘the education ordinance(?育令)’. It was amended in the December 28, 1880. This revised ‘the education ordinance’ was the second dividing-ridge in elementary education. After that, the direction of education was changed. They put emphasis on Imperial ideology. Thus, the promotion of primary school education in Japan, above all, have made of the community. School in the Meiji era reflected rich the nature of village community. The school was a field that combines and adjusts the power to act comes from both sides of the ‘local’ and ‘nation’. But ultimately it became a major ideological institutions instill an Imperial system.

林道에 대한 意識構造 調査硏究

柳澤圭,田璟秀 圓光大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

The objectives of forest management is to maintain equilibrium between the economic timber production and the indirect utility of forest. In order to accomplish of these objective, forest road is prerequisite. So the purpose of this study is to analyse the economic efficiency on constructed forest road. In addition, Questionnaire was made to investigate the consciousness structure of users who participant forestry and participant little to forestry. In socio-economic characters of users, the number of users showed differences by residence, however income per month was not difference in the number of users. The purpose of visit of users was mainly forest management in the participant but recreation and health in the participant little to forestry. Management plans of forest road should be established in order to pertinently harmonize nature resource conservation and use. More systematic and prolonged management plans of forest road should be established.

우리나라 중소기업의 국제화 추진전략에 대한 연구

鄭京澤 동국대학교 경영관리연구소 1993 經營經濟論叢 Vol.17 No.-

Intensification of import restriction imposed by advanced countries based on protectionism, pressures to open domestic markets, and shortened product life cycle prusuant to accelerated technology innovation, demannd strengthening of international competitiveness through technology and quality rather than through prices which have hitherto been export foundation for Korean enterprises. Such environmental changes are expected to seriously affect enterprises regardless of business sizes, requiring small-medium enterprises, in particular, to flexibly cope with environmental changes : and further require managers of small-medium exterprises to intentionally maintain strategic ideas in order to realize structural improvement and growth. Small-medium enterprises of Korea, however, are too restricted structurally, in terms of human and material resources, to effectively compete under these environmental changes, and it is expected that management of small-medium enterprises will face intensified difficulities. Furthermore, the recent world economic environment changes are too serious for small-medium enterprises of Korea to simply have an easy attitude of waiting for epoch-making economic policies to be established by Government. Accordingly, these studies attempt to discuss directions the small-medium companies of Korea should take under such changes of world economic order, and right directions and courses for Korean economy to take to satisfy the requirements of globalization. In other words, this research seeks to examine the necessity for Korean small-medium enterprises to pursue globalization strategies, and at the same time, analyze actual situation and problems currently facing Korean small-medium enterprises to determine desirable globalization sterategies small-medium enterprises should take. The scope of this studies, therefore, are concentrated on small-medium enterprises which occupy considerable weight in Korean economy rather than on large business groups, with an aim to discuss the subjects of globalization, and strategic management for small-medium enterrises. These studies offer a general definition on globalization through literature examination, based on which subject areas of globalization for Korean small-medium enterprises are to be determined. In addition, this research presents the necessity for Korean small-medium enterprises to pursue globalization strategies with respect to internal and external effect of national economy. Through status analysis carried out for entire small-medium enterprises, degree of globalization effected in the past by Korean small-medium enterprises will be examined; and, in addition, conceptional frame aimed at analyzing current situation facing small-medium enterprises will be developed through the use of international competitiveness appraisal model, and problems facing small-medium enterprises with respect to human and material resources brought to surface. In conclusion, this research attempted to develope globalization strategy model of Korean small-medium enterprises based on problems analyzed, and present, though this model, desirable globalization strategies that small-medium enterprises should pursue. In addition, in order to effectively analyze literatures and materials tobe used for these studies, domestic and foreign books and literatures, and secondary materials related to small-medium enterprises, will be utilized widely.

기업규모와 부채비율에 따른 주식 이례현상

권경택,권태윤 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.1(A)

Capital Asset Pricing Model(CAPM) predicts a positive relation between an asset's risk and its expected return. However, the statistical evidence supporting the positive relation between risk and expected return is surprisingly weak. To summarize the result of this cross-sectionally regression analysis, BETA is positive, SIZE is semi-positive and DER is not positive correlation with the expected common stock returns during the test period. but Pooling data, before 1990 data and upward-cycle of before and after 1990 is positive. Especially, The evidence suggests that "the premium associated with the EDR is not likely to be just some kinds of risk premium". Therefore, we suspect that the expected common stock returns will be correlate with the another market and accounting variables.

ATM망의 가상경로 상에서 효율적인 대역관리

고성택,김경식,김경연,최영복,고승일 濟州大學校工科大學産業技術硏究所 1998 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.9 No.2

ATM(asynchronous transfer mode) is able to realize the full integration of various kinds of services. Effective bandwidth allocations using statistical multiplexing gain haute been studied for the full integration of different kinds of services. In this paper. we present call admission control algorithm using complete bandwidth sharing and reserved bandwidth sharing. Complete bandwidth sharing is an efficient way for utilization of bandwidth. Reserved bandwidth sharing is an efficient way for preventing reverse pecking order. Using these two bandwidth allocations is an effective way for bandwidth utilization and stopping reverse pecking order. A computer simulation shows the results of the algorithm.

PD 제어기를 이용한 회전시스템의 동특성에 관한 연구

김택현,김종태,김재경 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2005 機械技術硏究 Vol.8 No.1

기계 회전 시스템을 통하여 응답특성 및 제어효과에 대한 연구를 목적으로 하여 PD제어기를 사용하여 응답특성을 확인하였는데 제어기를 사용함은 얻고자하는 대상 플랜트의 출력 특성을 제어하는데 목적이 있다. 우선, 실험으로 들어가 시스템의 관성 (inertia), 스프링 강성(spring stiffness), 감쇠계수(damping coefficient) 등의 매개변수 값들을 측정하고, 하드웨어 게인 값을 정의한다. 다음으로 PD제어기의 설계를 하는데 우선 강체로 모델링된 시스템에서의 step 응답, ramp 응답, parabolic 응답과 sinusoidal 응답에서의 비례게인, 미분게인 값이 시스템에 미치는 영향을 통하여 제어특성과 효과를 알아보고, 2자유도(two degree of freedom) 기계 회전 시스템에 대하여 PD제어실험을 통하여 회전 시스템의 상승시간(rising time), 정착시간 (settling time) 등의 응답속도 개선, 그리고 오버슈트(overshoot), 언더슈트(undershoot) 등의 응답성능의 향상을 꾀한다. The mechanical rotation system is made up of belts, mass disks and gears. This precise piece of equipment is controlled electro-mechanically by the motor and operation program. The control strategy of the system can be changed by belts' stiffness and change of the mass and gear. This system can be modeled as a rigid body, and also finds broad application in such diverse fields as machine tools, the cruise control system in automobiles, and control in the attitude and gimbals of spacecraft. This system proves the necessity and effect of a closed loop control. The study of the mechanical rotation system excited by its base motion is not only able to predict the rotational performance, but obtain the fundamental data for vibration isolation. In this thesis, we studied the response abilities such as steady overshoot, undershoot and ect. and the response velocities such as rising time, settling time, and ect. in the mechanical rotation system. through PD control experiment..

제 1형 신경섬유종증 환자에서 발생한 위장관 간질종양 1예

원경준,이준,변유미,조민근,한경택,김원,홍란,임성철,김경종,김영대,박찬국,김만우 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common non-epithelial neoplasm arising in the gastrointestinal tract, but this tumor is rarely seen in association with type l neurofibromatosis (NFl) Generally, the majority of GISTs are isolated neoplasm and they are sporadically found in the stomach, but the GISTs in NFl patients are usually multiple and usually found in the small intestine. We report a case of multiple GISTs in the jejunum of a 63-year-old woman diagnosed as NFl accompanied by complication of gastrointestinal bleeding, In this case, Patient had multiple cafe-au lait spots and neurofibroma on skin and had freckling on axilla and groin, and then, we made a diagnosis of NFl. Gastrointestinal bleeding is controlled by resection of multiple GISTs. Generally, only 3-5% of all gastrointestinal bleeding comes from the small bowel. Causes of small intestinal bleeding are angiodysplasia, neoplasm, NSAIDs induced ulcer etc. but, If patients have NFl accompanied by complication of gastrointestinal bleeding, GISTs on small bowel must be considered.

조기 및 붕장어를 동결건조한 어육분말의 제조 및 저장안정성

양승택,박경희 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

This study was designed to make fish meat powder which retains the fish jelly forming ability of fresh fish meat from fish meat paste of yellow corvenia (Pseudoscinea manchuria) and conger eel (Astroconger myriaster). Fish meat powder put into 0.1 mm polyethylene bags and cans as package and checked the keeping qualities such as chemical composition, soluble nitrogen, relative viscosity, water holding capacity (WHC), emulsifying stability (ES) and fish jelly forming ability for 6 months storage at 5℃, 20℃ and 35℃. Crude proteins very predominant in yellow corvenia and conger eel meat powder showing 68.4% and 60.9%, respectively, The freeze-dried powder had good fish jelly forming ability. Dried powder gradually decreased protein solubility, relative viscosity, WHC, ES, and fish jelly forming ability for 6 months storage. Qualities retention of the powder of high temperature sorage was less than those of low temperature storage. Fish jelly forming abilities of the powder were maintained for 6 months and 5 months and 2 months at 5℃ and 20℃ in yellow corvenia, respectively, and those of the powder were 3 months and 2 months at 5℃ and 20℃ in conger eel, respctively. But both samples have been lost fish jully forming ability after 1 month at 35℃. Qualities of the powder packed in cans were a little better than those of polyethylene bags. In the conclusion, freeze-dried powder of yellow corvenia and conger eel neat was very useful for the proparation of fish jelly products.