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Spray Characterization of Gas-Centered Swirl Coaxial Injectors U sing an Optical Probe
Sylvain Marty,Moongeun Hong,Jean-Philippe Matas,Alain Cartellier,Soo Yong Lee 한국추진공학회 2011 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11
In order to investigate spray characteristics of gas-centered swirl coaxial injectors, a phase detection optical probe is employed to obtain the spatial evolution of the drop size and velocity. From the study on the optical probe responses under various impact angles, it is demonstrated that the drop size and velocity can be measured with an uncertainty less than 15% when the probe axis remains within about ±15° of the drop velocity direction. This typical uncertainty is in good agreement with a previous study. It is also shown that the drop sizes measured by the optical probe are in accord with those evaluated by image processing techniques. Finally, the experiments with the optical probe are performed in dense sprays, as it were, in the near field of gas-centered swirl coaxial injectors. Some experimental results are presented and discussed to be of help to understanding of spray characteristics of the injectors.
Policy Options for European Household Saving
( Sylvain Bouyon ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2016 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.31 No.1
The purpose of this paper is to monitor the household saving to conduct appropriate macroeconomic policies aiming at a balanced economic recovery in the EU-15. Taking saving rates approach, which places emphasis on the household saving to disposable income ratios, consistently significant β -convergence was observed since 2007 in the European Union, indicating that the need for balance sheet repair was stronger for countries with low pre-crisis saving rates. The absence of correlation between saving ratios and different types of saving yields suggests the poor transmission of monetary policies in the trade-off between consumption and saving. Households seem to disregard interest rates and inflation when they decide on consumption and saving plans. Conversely, the results confirm the prominent role played by the precautionary motives during the financial crisis of 2008~2009, which is reflected in the strong impact of unemployment rates and housing prices. In order to monitor household saving, regulators should place further focus on financial education and should remain vigilant regarding unemployment and housing price developments. To a certain extent, policies that are better aligned at European level to monitor household saving should contribute to converging saving ratios, hereby reinforcing macroeconomic stability and integration in the European Union.
Enhancing a Mobile Cognitive Orthotic: A User-Centered Design Approach
Sylvain Giroux,Helene Pigot,Blandine Paccoud,David Pache,Emmanuel Stip,Juliette Sablier 동국대학교 정보융합기술원 2008 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Sy Vol.9 No.1
The ageing population of our modern societies and the future explosion of the number of the persons with cognitive impairments (CI) lead to a real problem of care at home and activities in mobility. To foster the mobility of people with cognitive impairments, cognitive orthotics on mobile devices can have a major impact on patients and caregivers quality of life. But patient and caregivers must be involved in the design process of such orthotics. In this paper we describe a mobile cognitive orthotic, the iterative user-centered approach used to develop it, and the field tests conducted. In particular we show how the user-centered approach enabled the improvement of the design and usability of an already developed mobile cognitive orthotic. This approach also provided invaluable cues and hints to new context-aware features. Caregivers and patients were deeply involved in the process and two field studies were conducted in a real setting with people with schizophrenia and people with head traumas. The long term goal is to develop context-aware features of the mobile system to fulfill the ubiquitous needs of a user with CI.
Sylvain Boet,Ashlee-Ann E. Pigford,Viren N. Naik 한국의학교육학회 2016 Korean journal of medical education Vol.28 No.2
Purpose: In July 2015, the University of Ottawa introduced a competency-based medical education (CBME) postgraduate program for anesthesia. Prior to program implementation, this study aimed to identify Canadian anesthesiology program directors perceptions of CBME and residents’ opinion on how the program should be designed and perceived consequences of CBME. Methods: This two-phase, qualitative study included semi-structured interviews with Canadian anesthesia program directors (Phase I) and a focus group interview with residents enrolled in the University of Ottawa time-based anesthesia program (Phase II). Both phases sought to gauge participant’s perceptions of CBME. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Results: Data was combined to protect anonymity of the six participants (three program directors and three residents). Participants spoke about the perceived advantages of CBME, the need to establish definitions, and challenges to a CBME program highlighting logistical factors, implications for trainees and the role assessment plays in CBME. Conclusion: These findings will inform CBME implementation strategies in anesthesia programs across the country, and may assist other residency programs in the design of their programs. Furthermore, our findings may help identify potential challenges and issues that other postgraduate specialties may face as they transition to a CBME model.