Exploring cognitive trajectories and their association with physical performance: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Jingdong Suo,Xianlei Shen,Jinyu He,Haoran Sun,Yu Shi,Rongxin He,Xiao Zhang,Xijie Wang,Yuandi Xi,Wannian Liang 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: The long-term trends of cognitive function and its associations with physical performance remain unclear, particularly in Asian populations. The study objectives were to determine cognitive trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals, as well as to examine differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. METHODS: Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 5,701 participants (47.7% male) with a mean age of 57.8 (standard deviation, 8.4) years at enrollment were included. A group-based trajectory model was used to identify cognitive trajectory groups for each sex. Grip strength, repeated chair stand, and standing balance tests were used to evaluate physical performance. An ordered logistic regression model was employed to analyze differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. RESULTS: Three cognitive trajectory groups were identified for each sex: low, middle, and high. For both sexes, higher cognitive trajectory groups exhibited smaller declines with age. In the fully adjusted model, relative to the low trajectory group, the odds ratios (ORs) of better physical performance in the middle cognitive group were 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.59; p<0.001) during follow-up and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.64; p<0.001) at the endpoint. The ORs in the high trajectory group were 1.94 (95% CI, 1.61 to 2.32; p<0.001) during follow-up and 2.04 (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.45; p<0.001) at the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive function was better preserved in male participants and individuals with higher baseline cognitive function. A higher cognitive trajectory was associated with better physical performance over time.

Association between Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Its Underlying Mechanisms

Dao Pei Zhang,Suo Yin,Huai Liang Zhang,Dan Li,Bo Song,Jia Xu Liang 대한뇌졸중학회 2020 Journal of stroke Vol.22 No.2

Intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE), also known as dilatative arteriopathy of the brain vessels, refers to an increase in the length and diameter of at least one intracranial artery, and accounts for approximately 12% of all patients with stroke. However, the association of IADE with stroke is usually unclear. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is characterized by pathological changes in the small vessels. Clinically, patients with CSVD can be asymptomatic or present with stroke or cognitive decline. In the past 20 years, a series of studies have strongly promoted an understanding of the association between IADE and CSVD from clinical and pathological perspectives. It has been proposed that IADE and CSVD may be attributed to abnormal vascular remodeling driven by an abnormal matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase pathway. Also, IADErelated hemodynamic changes may result in initiation or progression of CSVD. Additionally, genetic factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of IADE and CSVD. Patients with Fabry’s disease and late-onset Pompe’s disease are prone to developing concomitant IADE and CSVD, and patients with collagen IV alpha 1 or 2 gene (COL4A1/COL4A2) and forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) variants present with IADE and CSVD. Race, strain, familial status, and vascular risk factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of IADE and CSVD. As well, experiments in mice have pointed to genetic strain as a predisposing factor for IADE and CSVD. However, there have been few direct genetic studies aimed towards determining the association between IADE and CSVD. In the future, more clinical and basic research studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between IADE and CSVD and the related molecular and genetic mechanisms.

Enzyme-Catalyzed Henry Reaction in Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

( Xue Mei Tian ),( Suo Qin Zhang ),( Liang Yu Zheng ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

The enzyme-catalyzed Henry reaction was realized using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a reaction medium. The lipase from Aspergillus niger (lipase AS) showed excellent catalytic activity toward the substrates aromatic aldehydes and nitromethane in choline chloride:glycerol at a molar ratio of 1:2. Addition of 30 vol% water to DES further improved the lipase activity and inhibited DES-catalyzed transformation. A final yield of 92.2% for the lipase AS-catalyzed Henry reaction was achieved under optimized reaction conditions in only 4 h. In addition, the lipase AS activity was improved by approximately 3-fold in a DES.water mixture compared with that in pure water, which produced a final yield of only 33.4%. Structural studies with fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the established strong hydrogen bonds between DES and water may be the main driving force that affects the spatial conformation of the enzyme, leading to a change in lipase activity. The methodology was also extended to the aza-Henry reaction, which easily occurred in contrast to that in pure water. The enantioselectivity of both Henry and aza-Henry reactions was not found. However, the results are still remarkable, as we report the first use of DES as a reaction medium in a lipase-catalyzed Henry reaction.

A high-resolution timescale for the Miocene Shanwang diatomaceous shale lagerstätte (China): development of Wavelet Scale Series Analysis for cyclostratigraphy

Jifeng Yu,Xinlong Pang,Wenzhao Fu,Jason Hilton,Mingmei Liang,Zongkai Jiang,Xiuli Zhao,Wenyan Qiao,Suo Shi,Diandong Zhang,Huitao Cao,Haibo Jia,Yadong Wang,Xiaoke Hu,Rui Zhang 한국지질과학협의회 2021 Geosciences Journal Vol.25 No.5

The Miocene aged Shanwang Formation from the Shanwang National Geopark in China represents a succession of lacustrine diatomaceous shales containing an abundant and diverse biota with lagerstätte fossilization of soft tissues. To date, the Shanwang Formation has not been investigated for cyclostratigraphy nor has it been dated with high precision methods. Now we use thorium data as a paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic proxy to conduct a detailed cyclostratigraphic analysis. A new and simple cyclostratigraphic method, Wavelet Scale Series Analysis (WSSA) is developed to recognize Milankovitch cycles. A total of three short eccentricity and fifteen precession cycles are identified; obliquity cycles are not apparent. In the sedimentary succession, the corresponding precession and short eccentricity cycles are 1.17 m and 4.98 m thick respectively, with this verified by Correlation Coefficient (COCO) analysis and Multitaper-Method (MTM) spectral analysis. We estimate the studied interval was deposited over a duration of 0.3 Myr with a depositional rate of c. 5.7 cm/kyr. Paleomagnetic and radio isotope dating data shows that the diatomaceous shale was deposited during Chron C5En, which places it at approximately 18.5 Ma during the Burdigalian stage of the Early Miocene, rather than in the Middle Miocene as previously thought. The Shanwang lagerstätte biota therefore predates the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) and did not form within it. The geological time scale with a high resolution of 20 kyr was set accordingly.

Study on Springback Properties of Different Orthodontic Archwires in Archwire Bending Process

Jiang Jin-gang,Wang Zhao,Zhang Yong-de,Jiang Ji-xiong,Niu Suo-liang,Liu Yi 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.7 No.12

The archwire bending is one of processes the most frequently used in the orthodontic treatment. Furthermore, the springback of sheet metal, which is defined as elastic recovery of the part during unloading, should be taken into consideration so as to produce formed archwire within acceptable tolerance limits. In this paper, the springback angle of different alloy archwires (including NiTi alloy wire, Beta-Ti alloy wires, Chinese stainless steel wires, and Australian stainless steel wires) were performed by the theoretical calculation based on large deformation theory and the finite element analysis. A series of numerical simulations has been conducted for the bending test, which physically simulates the actual bending of alloy archwire with a robotic apparatus. The finite element analysis of springback is shown to be very consistent with the theoretical calculation results.

TP53I11 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of breast cancer cells

( Tongqian Xiao ),( Zhongjuan Xu ),( Hai Zhang ),( Junsa Geng ),( Yong Qiao ),( Yu Liang ),( Yanzhen Yu ),( Qun Dong ),( Guangli Suo ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2019 BMB Reports Vol.52 No.6

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is widely-considered to be a modulating factor of anoikis and cancer metastasis. We found that, in MDA-MB-231 cells, TP53I11 (tumor protein P53 inducible protein 11) suppressed EMT and migration in vitro, and inhibited metastasis in vivo. Our findings showed that hypoxic treatment upregulated the expression of HIF1α, but reduced TP53I11 protein levels and TP53I11 overexpression reduced HIF1α expression under normal culture and hypoxicconditions, and in xenografts of MDA-MB-231 cells. Considering HIF1α is a master regulator of the hypoxic response and that hypoxia is a crucial trigger of cancer metastasis, our study suggests that TP53I11 may suppress EMT and metastasis by reducing HIF1α protein levels in breast cancer cells. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(6): 379-384]

B-cell Lymphoma 2 rs17757541 C>G Polymorphism was Associated with an Increased Risk of Gastric Cardiac Adenocarcinoma in a Chinese Population

Li, Qiong,Yin, Jun,Wang, Xu,Wang, Li-Ming,Shi, Yi-Jun,Zheng, Liang,Tang, Wei-Feng,Ding, Guo-Wen,Liu, Chao,Liu, Rui-Ping,Gu, Hai-Yong,Sun, Jia-Ming,Chen, Suo-Cheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Aim: Apoptosis has been considered as a fundamental component in cancer pathogenesis, and related genetic factors might play an important role in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA) genesis. Methods: We conducted a hospital based case.control study to evaluate the genetic effects of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): BCL2 rs17757541 C>G, BCL2 rs12454712 T>C, FAS rs2234767 G>A, FASL/FASLG rs763110 C>T, ERBB2 rs1136201 A>G and VEGFR2/KDR rs11941492 C>T on the development of GCA. A total of 243 GCA cases and 476 controls were recruited for the study and genotypes were determined using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan$^{TM}$ Kit. Results: The BCL2 rs17757541 C>G polymorphism was associated with increased risk of GCA. However, there was no significant associations with the other five SNPs. Stratified analyses indicated a significantly increased risk of GCA associated with the BCL2 rs17757541 C>G polymorphism among males, older patients and those with a history of smoking or drinking. Conclusion: These findings indicated that the functional polymorphism BCL2 rs17757541 C>G might contribute to GCA susceptibility. However, our results were limited by small sample size. Future larger studies are required to confirm our current findings.