http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
압박띠와 Lidocaine 전처치 및 Pentothal 전처치를 이용한 Propfol 정주통의 예방효과
옥시영,김순임,김선종 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3
Background: Pain on injection of propofol is a common problem, the cause of which remains unknown, We evaluated the effect of a tourniquet with intravenous lidocaine and pentothal pretreatments, to decrease the incidence and intensity of pain during intravenous propofol injection. Methods: One hundred fifty five patients scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups. Each patient received one of the pretreatment drugs via 18 G angiocatheter inserted in the antecubital fossa. Control group (CG) (n=31) recived 2 ml normal saline and lidocaine group (LG) (n=31) received 40 mg (2%, 2 ml) and pentothal group (PG) (n=31) received 50 mg (2.5%, 2 ml) and lidocaine tourniquet group (LTG) (n=31) received 40 m g(2%, 2ml) under tourniquest 1 minute inflated and pentothal tourniquet group(PTG) (n=31) received 50 mg (2.5%, 2 ml) under tourniquet 1 minute inflated followed intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg of propofol at a rate of 1 ml/sec. after 50 mg of proplfol were injected, patients were assessed for pain score. The severity of pain was classified as 0, 1, 2, 3 (none, mild, moderate, severe) by one observer. Results: The severity and incidence of pain were significantly reduced in lidocaine group and pentothal group compared with control group for intravenous injection of propofol (P<0.05). But effect of tourniquet is minimal. And the quantity and quality of analgesic effect of lidocaine and petothal on propofol iv injection is similar. Conclusions: Lidocaine 40 mg or pentothal 50 mg pretreatment to induction by propofol revealed a good analgesic effect for propofol injection pain. But effect of tourniquest is minimal.
옥선종,김유오 한국유통정보학회 2000 유통정보학회지 Vol.3 No.1
In order to conduct this research, the paper sampled the customer group residing in Mokpo Area, Chonnam. It carried out the questionnaire survey for collecting data for positive research, the interview survey with personnel in the discount store. A whole based on tangible and intangible attributes recognized many transaction experiences include as significance factions "convenience of parking availability", "return service", "physical service facilities and connection", which can be seen as the purchase acts of Mokpo housewives using cars and the customers in Mokpo where stores are not fully entered show reaction to the discount store on the level of the department store type returns service, so the quick countermeasure policy of the discount store sees to enhance customer satisfactions. the convenience of subsidiary convenience service facilities is interpreted as the part connecting public service and banking service in shopping and convenience due to lack entertainment facilities. The findings of this research should be connected to strategies to secure the parking facilities and strengthen In-Store Merchandising, link the convenience of public traffic with customers preferred location as regionally gathering type. Also as differenced strategies from those of other stores, the following matters are to be considered : consolidating of service and goods training to salespeople service, securing fixed customers by the constructions of DB as a part of credit service, establishing returns service. Also according to the characteristics of Mokpo New Town, the physical service facilities and connection should be combined with shopping, leisure and entertainment in order to gather customers. In order to effectively provide these convenience services, the plans to develop and utilize the convenience service check list, to utilize customer proposal to collect their inconvenience, establish regular training system and standard are to be carried out.
2.5% Pentothal sodium 전처치가 Propofol 정주시 발생되는 통증에 미치는 효과
옥시영,김순임,김선종 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3
Background: propofol has a high incidence of pain with intravenous injection, and many different methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of this pain. In this study, we have compared the effect of saline pretreatment with that of 2.5% pentothal 50 mg pretreatment of propofol injection pain. Methods: Sixty two patients scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. each patient received one of the pretreatment drugs via 18 g angiocatheter inserted in the antecubital fossa. Control group (n=31)received 2 ml of 0.9% saline pretreatment, 2.5% pentothal group (n=31) received 50 mg of pentothal pretreatment followed intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg of propofol at a rate of 1 ml/sec. After 50 mg of propofol were injected, patients were assessed for pain score. The severity of pain was classified as 0, 1, 2, 3 (none, mild, moderate, severe) by one observer. Results: The severity of pain were significantly reduced in 2.5% pentothal group compared with ontrol group for intravenous injection fo propofol (p<0.05) but incidence is similar. Conclusions: 2.5% pentothal 2 ml (50 mg) pretreatment could significantly reduce the sever the severity of pain for intravenous injection of propofol.