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Maternal transmission effects of the PAX genes among cleft case–parent trios from four populations
Sull, Jae Woong,Liang, Kung-Yee,Hetmanski, Jacqueline B,Fallin, Margaret Daniele,Ingersoll, Roxanne G,Park, Jiwan,Wu-Chou, Yah-Huei,Chen, Philip K,Chong, Samuel S,Cheah, Felicia,Yeow, Vincent,Park, Be Macmillan Publishers Limited 2009 European journal of human genetics Vol.17 No.6
Isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is among the most common human birth defects, with a prevalence of 1 in 700 live births. The paired box (PAX) genes have been suggested as candidate genes for CL/P based largely on mouse models; however, few human studies have focused on this gene family. This study tests for association between markers in four PAX genes and CL/P using a case-parent trio design considering parent-of-origin effects. Trios from four populations (76 from Maryland, 146 from Taiwan, 35 from Singapore, and 40 from Korea) were genotyped for 34 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PAX3, PAX6, PAX7, and PAX9 genes. We performed the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) on individual SNPs. Parent-of-origin effects were assessed using the transmission asymmetry test (TAT) and the parent-of-origin likelihood ratio test (PO-LRT). TDT analysis showed one SNP (rs766325) in PAX7 yielding evidence of linkage and association when parent-of-origin was not considered, with an OR(transmission)=1.62 (P=0.003), and five SNPs in PAX6 (including two pairs in near perfect linkage disequilibrium). TAT analysis of all trios revealed two SNPs in PAX7 and four SNPs in PAX3 showing significant excess maternal transmission. For these six SNPs, the maternal OR(transmission) ranged between 1.74 and 2.40, and PO-LRT was also significant (P-values=0.035–0.012). When this analysis was limited to trios with male cases, SNPs in PAX7 showed higher maternal OR(transmission) and greater significance. PAX genes may influence the risk of CL/P through maternal effects, possibly imprinting, which seems to be stronger among male cases.European Journal of Human Genetics (2009) 17, 831–839; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2008.250; published online 14 January 2009
Motion estimation using regions
Sull, Sanghoon The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 1998 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.23 No.9
We present a two step approach for estimating the motionand sturcture parameters from region orrespondences in two frames. Given four or more region corresondences on the same planar surface, the motion and planar orientation parameters are first linearly estimated based on second-order approximation of the displacement field of the image plane. Then, using this linear estimate as an initial guess, a nonlinear estimate is obtained by iteratively minimizing an objective function using the exact experession of the displacement field. The objective function involves the centroids of corresponding regions and relationships among low-order moments. Through simulations, we show that the two-step region-based approach gives robust estimates. The performance of nonlinear region-based estimation is compared with that of linear region-based and point-based methods. Experimental results for two image pairs, on esynthetic and one real, ar epresented to show the practical applicability of our approach.
Sull, Jae Woong,Yi, Sang-Wook,Nam, Chung Mo,Ohrr, Heechoul Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2009 Stroke Vol.40 No.9
<P>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between binge drinking and risks of mortality due to all causes of death with a focus on cerebrovascular disease in Korean men and women. METHODS: This study followed a cohort of 6291 residents in Kangwha County, aged > or =55 years in March 1985, for their cause-specific mortality for 20.8 years up to December 31, 2005. We calculated hazard ratio of mortality by experience or frequency of binge drinking using the Cox proportional hazard model. Binge drinking was defined as having > or =6 drinks on one occasion. RESULTS: In men, binge drinkers who drink daily had an increased risk of mortality from all causes (hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.60) as compared with nondrinkers. They showed much increased risks of mortality from total stroke (hazard ratio, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.99) and hemorrhagic stroke (hazard ratio, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.38 to 8.35). Female binge drinkers also showed an increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease as compared with female nondrinkers, but the outcome was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that frequent binge drinking has a harmful effect on hemorrhagic stroke in Korean men. These findings need to be confirmed in further studies.</P>
The ABCG2 Polymorphism rs2725220 Is Associated with Hyperuricemia in the Korean Population
Sull, Jae Woong,Yang, Seung-Ju,Kim, Soriul,Jee, Sun Ha Korea Genome Organization 2014 Genomics & informatics Vol.12 No.4
Elevated serum uric acid levels are associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes, including gout, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Several genome-wide association studies on uric acid levels have implicated the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2) gene as being possibly causal. We investigated an association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2725220 in the ABCG2 gene and uric acid levels in the Korean population. A total of 991 subjects in Seoul City were used for a replication study with ABCG2 SNP rs2725220. The rs2725220 SNP in the ABCG2 gene was associated with mean uric acid levels (effect per allele 0.25 mg/dL, p < 0.0001). Subjects with the GC/CC genotype had a 1.78-fold (range, 1.22- to 2.62-fold) higher risk of having abnormal uric acid levels (${\geq}7.0mg/dL$) than subjects with the GG genotype. When analyzed by gender, the association with ABCG2 was stronger in men than in women. The association with ABCG2 was much stronger in male subjects with body mass index (BMI) ${\geq}26.4$ (odds ratio, 5.09; 95% confidence interval, 2.41 to 10.8) than in male subjects with BMI < 26.4. This study clearly demonstrates that genetic variations in ABCG2 influence uric acid levels in Korean adults.
Emmanuel Sulle 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2021 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.- No.50
Currently, development partners and governments have embraced the catch phrase ‘inclusive business model’ to describe corporate expansion into smallholder agriculture – processes which are also described by critics as ‘land grabbing’. This article examines a sugarcane production partnership between an agribusiness and outgrowers in Kilombero, Tanzania. It argues that while the studied model has some elements of limited inclusivity, the hyped-up narratives of win-win optimism are not entirely applicable, because there are winners and losers in such business arrangements. Instead, governments and stakeholders need to invest in developing rural farmers’ agency to ensure farmers benefit from their farming and influence decision making processes.