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Ash Gourd Peel Wax: Extraction, Characterization, and Application as an Edible Coat for Fruits
K. M. Sreenivas,Kirtibala Chaudhari,S. S. Lele 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.2
Ash gourd (Benincasa hispida Cogn) is a vegetable used in Asian countries and the peel contains high edible waxy materials. This paper reports extraction,characterization, and utilization of ash gourd peel wax as an edible coating in fruits; with strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) as a model system. Crude wax had melting point of 80ºC and molecular weight by number (Mn) and molecular weight by weight (Mw) at 2,277 and 2,323respectively. Dip method was used to coat crude wax as an emulsion on strawberry. Quantity of wax, concentration of sodium benzoate, and dip time were optimized and the values were 0.5%, 1M, and 3 min, respectively. Results were comparable with carnauba wax coating. Fruits without wax coating spoiled completely in less than 2 days at 25ºC. Wax coating enhanced the shelf life to 7 days at 25ºC and the properties such as texture, color, weight loss,titrable acidity, and microbial counts were well acceptable.
Rao Ravella Sreenivas,Jyothi Cherukuri Pavanna,Prakasham Reddy Shetty,Rao Chaganti Subba,Sarma Ponnupalli Nageshwara,Rao Linga Venkateswar The Microbiological Society of Korea 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.1
Candida tropicalis was treated with ultraviolet (UV) rays, and the mutants obtained were screened for xylitol production. One of the mutants, the UV1 produced 0.81g of xylitol per gram of xylose. This was further mutated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and the mutants obtained were screened for xylitol production. One of the mutants (CT-OMV5) produced 0.85g/g of xylitol from xylose. Xylitol production improved to 0.87 g/g of xylose with this strain when the production medium was supplemented with urea. The CT-OMV5 mutant strain differs by 12 tests when compared to the wild-type Candida tropicalis strain. The XR activity was higher in mutant CT-OMV5. The distinct difference between the mutant and wild-type strain is the presence of numerous chlamvdospores in the mutant. In this investigation, we have demonstrated that mutagenesis was successful in generating a superior xylitol-producing strain, CT-OMV5, and uncovered distinctive biochemical and physiological characteristics of the wild-type and mutant strain, CT-OMV5.
Mandade, Rajesh,Sreenivas, S.A.,Sakarkar, D.M.,Wanare, Ravi 경희한의학연구센터 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.4
Over production of gastric acid in response to various stimuli is responsible for peptic ulceration in majority of patients. Calcium plays an important role in the release of various stimulant mediators. The aerial part of $Carthamus$ $tinctorius$ L. are reported to have calcium channel blocking activity. This study was designed to find out the effects of extract on the volume and acidity, free and total, of $Carbachol$ induced gastric secretion and to compare the results with that of $Cimetidine$ $and$ $Verapamil$ on the same parameters. The animals were kept on fasting for 48 h after which the pylorus of each animal was ligated. The extract was administered 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight, $Cimetidine$ 2.5 mg/kg and $Carbachol$ 600 ${\mu}g$/kg and $Verapamil$ 10 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally, in pylorus ligated rats. It was found that the extract reduced the volume, free and total acidity of gastric secretion, which were statistically highly significant when compared with $Carbachol$ ($P$ <0.001). $Cimetidine$ also had the same effects. When the difference of mean values, brought about by extract, was compared with those of $Cimetidine$, it was found that these differences in the volume and free acidity were significant indicating that $Cimetidine$ is more effective than the extract. The extract can, however, be used effectively in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Although, the extract reduced gastric acidity significantly, but is less effective than $Cimetidine$.
Srikanth Parikibandla,Sreenivas Alluri 한국전자통신연구원 2021 ETRI Journal Vol.43 No.6
Lightweight ciphers are increasingly employed in cryptography because of the high demand for secure data transmission in wireless sensor network, embedded devices, and Internet of Things. The PRESENT algorithm as an ultra‐lightweight block cipher provides better solution for secure hardware cryptography with low power consumption and minimum resource. This study generates the key using key rotation and substitution method, which contains key rotation, key switching, and binary‐coded decimal‐based key generation used in image encryption. The key rotation and substitution‐based PRESENT architecture is proposed to increase security level for data stream and randomness in cipher through providing high resistance to attacks. Lookup table is used to design the key scheduling module, thus reducing the area of architecture. Field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) performances are evaluated for the proposed and conventional methods. In Virtex 6 device, the proposed key rotation and substitution PRESENT architecture occupied 72 lookup tables, 65 flip flops, and 35 slices which are comparably less to the existing architecture.
Saurabh Kunj,K. Sreenivas 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.7
Structural, vibrational, photoluminescence and photo electron spectroscopic properties of rf magnetron sputtered ZnO films grown on unheated glass substrates are discussed. Variations in the c-axis orientation, average crystallite size, residual stress, and presence of disoriented grains, with varying oxygen content (40%e100%) during film growth are found to correlate with variation in the E2(high) and A1(LO) modes of the Raman spectra. Room temperature photoluminescence (RTPL) spectra exhibit a characteristic splitting in the near-band-edge emission (NBE) with three emission peaks (around 355, 386 and 395 nm) under an excitation wavelength of 290 nm. The blue emission (443e455 nm) is significantly controlled by oxygen vacancies and seen in films grown under 80% oxygen content. Quenching of NBE emission, for films prepared under oxygen rich ambient, is caused by the increased non-radiative recombination centers owing to reduced size of ZnO nano-crystallites. The shifts in the optical band gap of films grown under different oxygen content supplement the observed changes in the nanocrystallite size and luminescence properties. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the fractional changes in the oxygen vacancy content in films deposited under different oxygen content in the sputtering gas.
Defect mediated ferromagnetism in cluster free Zn1−xNixO nanopowders prepared by combustion method
Saurabh Kunj,K. Sreenivas 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.60 No.-
Structural, optical, vibrational and magnetic properties of sol–gel auto-combustion assisted Zn1−xNixO (x = 0–3 mol%) nanoparticles have been characterized. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show hexagonal wurtzite phase formation upto 1 mol% doping, confirming the substitution of Ni2+ ions. Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy confirm existence of zinc interstitials (Zni) and oxygen vacancies (Vo). Both extrinsic Ni doping and intrinsic oxygen vacancy contribute to the observed ferromagnetism. Magnetization values derived from bound magnetic polaron (BMP) model match the observed changes in magnetization. Temperature dependent magnetization characteristics of 1 mol% Ni doped ZnO exhibits distinct zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) curves.
Enqi Wu,김경태,Sreenivas Kalyan Adidi,이영근,조종운,이원재,강종성 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.8
Capillary electrochromatographywas employed for enantioseparation ofa-amino acids and their derivatives. (-)-18-Crown-6-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid bonded on the silica was used as the chiral stationary phase and methanol/Tris-citric acid (20 mM, pH 3.0–4.5) (20:80, v/v) was used as mobile phase. The enantioseparation performance was discussed and structure-chiral separation relationship were tried to be explained. The enantiomeric resolution was increased when the pH of the mobile phase decreased or hydrogen of amino acid was substituted with halogen. The resolution of 4-bromophenylalanine was 2.37 at pH 4.5, however, this value was increased to 3.35 at pH 3.0. Bromoor chloro-substituted phenylalanine tended to show higher resolutionthanfluoro-substitutedone.Forfluoro-substituted phenylalanine the resolution was increased in order of 4-, 3and 2-substituted one. a-Methyltryptamine did not show reasonable separation. As the thermodynamic study is a useful tool to understand the chiral recognition, the temperature effect on the enantioseparation was studied and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The mostimportant mechanism of chiral recognition for the analytes tested could be barrier effects based on the thermodynamic calculations. The coefficient of determination between hydrophobicity and separation factor was found to be 0.87, indicating favorable separation with higher hydrophobicity of amino acids.