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Guenter Spreitzhofer 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0
Individual tourism, formerly often mislabelled alternative tourism, has been a well-guided way of travelling to Southeast Asia for three decades – thanks to Lonely Planet travel literature, based on the legendary ‘yellow bible’ of the 1970s. Whereas the economic and socio-cultural consequences of low-budget backpacking in Southeast Asia were considered negative for a long time, the Asian crisis of the late 1990s has made many governments rethink their dependence on large-scale package tourism. The concept of backpacking as a form of sustainable development is discussed, which offers opportunities for grass-roots development for a wide range of people.
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BETWEEN KHAO SAN AND LONELY PLANET
Gü,ter Spreitzhofer 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0
Post-modem backpacking has come to be appreciated by Southeast Asian governments as a development tool after the dramatic decrease of package tourist arrivals due to terrorism, diseases and natural disasters since the late 1990s. Special focus has been put on backpacking performance, perception and transformation within the region, where the massing of youthful travellers has been obvious for more than three decades, when the first underground guidebook for independent travellers was published in the 1970s. Special attention has been put on the increasing commercialization (Lonely Planet, guidebook series) and the booming urban infrastructure (Khao San Road, Bangkok) of this "anti-tourist" (?) travel style, which seems to lead a new comfort-, shopping- and fun-oriented backpacker clientele rather than the ideologically-minded anti-consumerism backpackers of the 1980s on well-troden paths across the subcontinent.
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