LEACHATE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON MSW LANDFILL SITE IN CHINA, KOREA AND JAPAN

( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Masataka Hanashima ),( Jisheng Long ),( Yukihisa Sakata ),( Nam-hoon Lee ),( Wenlong Xu ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1

The objective of this study is to construct a suitable landfill management method for Asian climate and quality of landfilled waste. In the beginning of this study, comparison of the Asian countries and European countries in their characteristics such as land, waste management and landfill management. Each country has own basic concept on the landfill management, therefore liner structures of the landfill differ from each other. With solid waste incineration rate rising in Asia, it could be concluded that Asian countries such as China, Korea and Japan, which have similar climate in precipitation amount and so on, should corporate each other especially in technical exchange.

중국, 한국, 일본의 도시고형폐기물 매립지에서의 침출수 관리 시스템

( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Masataka Hanashima ),( Jisheng Long ),( Yukihisa Sakata ),( Nam-hoon Lee ),( Wenlong Xu ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 아시아의 기후와 매립되는 폐기물의 성상 따른 적절한 매립지 관리방법을 건설하기 위한 것이다. 이 연구의 시작부분에서 매립지, 폐기물 관리 및 매립지 관리와 같은 매립지의 특성을 아시아 국가와 유럽국가 비교를 실시했다. 각각의 국가들은 매립지 관리에 대한 각국의 기본적인 개념을 가지고 있어, 매립지 liner구조물들은 다르게 건설되었다. 아시아의 고형폐기물 소각율이 높아짐에 따라, 강우량 등과 같은 여러 기후조건이 비슷한 중국, 일본, 한국 같은 아시아 국가들은 특히 기술 교환으로 각 국가와 함께 협력을 해야 할 것이다. The objective of this study is to construct a suitable landfill management method for Asian climate and quality of landfilled waste. In the beginning of this study, comparison of the Asian countries and European countries in their characteristics such as land, waste management and landfill management. Each country has own basic concept on the landfill management, therefore liner structures of the landfill differ from each other. With solid waste incineration rate rising in Asia, it could be concluded that Asian countries such as China, Korea and Japan, which have similar climate in precipitation amount and so on, should corporate each other especially in technical exchange.

Study on Avoidance from Dispute about Landfill Constrution in Japan

Kaya Furusho,Sotaro Higuchi,Tomomi Tsukiyama,Minoru Kisaki 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2003 한국폐기물자원순환학회 학술대회 Vol.2003 No.1

CONTROLL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE GENERATION OCCURED IN LANDFILL SITES BY EXERTING OXYDIZING AGENTS

( Toshihiro Takeshita ),( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Masataka Hanashima ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1

Although the generation of hydrogen sulfide, H₂S, in landfill sites often occurs throughout Japan, the practically applicable methods for controlling H₂S generation are very few. Hence, the effective method for solving the issue should be urgently developed. For the purpose of dealing with this matter we made use of the oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂, and bleaching powder, its principal ingredient was calcium hypochlorite, Ca(ClO)₂. We found out that the use of the chemicals effectively degraded H₂S as mentioned later in the results. Experiments were carried out in a 300 ml silicone-plug fitted conical flask containing a 200 ml of the leachate in which H₂S was dissolved. Then the headspace gas was taken out and the H₂S concentration was analyzed by GC-FPD. When 0.2 ml of H₂O₂, its concentration was certified up to 31%, was added, the H₂S concentration rapidly decreased and finally no H₂S was detected in 20 minutes. In this experiment, the initial concentration of H₂S in the headspace was ca. 200 ppm. In addition, when 0.2 ml of the solution containing 1.0 mg/L of Fe²⁺ was added concomitant with 0.2 nil of H₂O₂, the time for H₂S disappearance was shorten by ca. 5 minutes as compared to the result obtained without adding Fe²⁺. The effect of the addition of bleaching powder on H₂S degradation was next investigated. In the case of the addition of 20 mg of bleaching powder, the H₂S concentration could reach to the undetectable level in 4 minutes. No volatile chlorinated organic compound was detected in this treatment as far as the headspace gas was analyzed by GC-ECD. From the results obtained in the experiments, we concluded that the H₂S gas could be effectively degraded by the treatment of H₂O₂ or bleaching powder when appropriate amount of the chemicals were exerted. Finally, in order to find out the causal organic substances refer to the generation of H₂S in landfill sites, we selected the chemicals used in the materials. When 20 mg of the identified organic material that belong to admixture for cement or mortar, plasticizer and monomer for plastics and raw material for rubbers was added in a conical flask containing a 200 ml leachate and incubated at 35°C.

Study on Avoidance from Dispute about Landfill Constrution in Japan

( Kaya Furusho ),( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Tomomi Tsukiyama ),( Minoru Kisaki ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2003 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

강력한 산화제에 의한 매립 지역의 황화수소 생성 제어

( Toshihiro Takeshita ),( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Masataka Hanashima ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.2

일본의 매립지에서 H2S가 방출됨에도 불구하고, H2S의 제거에 대하여 실제적으로 적용가능한 방법은 매우 드물기 때문에, 효과적인 해결책의 개발이 시급하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여, H2O2와 같은 산화제와 Ca(CIO)2가 주성분인 표백제를 이용하였다. 결과에는 H2S를 효과적으로 감소시키는 화학물질의 이용을 나타내었다. 실험은 H2S가 용존되어 있는 200ml의 침출수를 실리콘 플러그로 제작된 300ml의 원뿔 플라스크를 이용하여 수행하였고, 상층부의 가스를 채취하여, GC-FPD에 의해 H2S를 분석하였다. H2O2가 0.2ml 일 때, 그 농도는 31% 이상으로 나타났으며, 첨가시 H2S 농도는 급속히 감소되었고, 최종적으로 20분이 지난 후에는 H2S가 검출되지 않았다. 본 실험에서, 상층부 H2S의 초기 농도는 ca. 200 ppm이었다. 또한, Fe2+ 1.0mg/L를 포함한 0.2ml의 용액이 0.2 ml H2O2 오염물에 첨가되었을 때, H2S 제거 시간은 Fe2+를 첨가하지 않은 경우에 얻어진 결과와 비교하여 ca. 5분까지 단축되었다. H2S를 분해시키기 위해 첨가한 표백제의 효과는 다음에 연구되었다. 표백제 20mg을 첨가한 경우, H2S의 농도는 4분 이내에 불검출될 정도로 제거되었다. 이러한 처리 실험에서 휘발성 염소화 유기 화합물이 불검출을 나타낼 때까지 상층부 가스를 GC-ECD로 분석하였다. 본 실험 결과로부터, H2S 가스는 H2O2 처리 또는 적절히 영향력 있는 화학물질이 존재하는 표백제 처리에 의해서 효과적으로 제거 될 수 있다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 매립지에서 H2S의 생성을 나타내는 임의의 유기물질을 발견하기 위해서, 물질 내에 이용된 화학물질을 선정하였다. 시멘트와 모타르에 확인된 20mg의 유기 물질, 플라스틱의 가소제와 모노머와 고무의 원료는 침출수 200ml와 함께 원뿔 플라스크에 주입하여 35 ℃에 배양되었다. Although the generation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S, in landfill sites often occurs throughout Japan, the practically applicable methods for controlling H2S generation are very few. Hence, the effective method for solving the issue should be urgently developed. For the purpose of dealing with this matter we made use of the oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, and bleaching powder, its principal ingredient was calcium hypochlorite, Ca(CIO)2. We found out that the use of the chemicals effectively degraded H2S as mentioned later in the results. Experiments were carried out in a 300 ml silicone-plug fitted conical flask containing a 200 ml of the leachate in which H2S was dissolved. Then the headspace gas was taken out and the H2S concentration was analyzed by GC-FPD. When 0.2 ml of H2O2, its concentration was certified up to 31%, was added, the H2S concentration rapidly decreased and finally no H2S was detected in 20 minutes. In this experiment, the initial concentration of H2S in the headspace was ca. 200 ppm. In addition, when 0.2 ml of the solution containing 1.0 mg/L of Fe2+ was added concomitant with 0.2 ml of H2O2, the time for H2S disappearance was shorten by ca. 5 minutes as compared to the result obtained without adding Fe2+. The effect of the addition of bleaching powder on H2S degradation was next investigated. In the case of the addition of 20 mg of bleaching powder, the H2S concentration could reach to the undetectable level in 4 minutes. No volatile chlorinated organic compound was detected in this treatment as far as the headspace gas was analyzed by GC-ECD. From the results obtained in the experiments, we concluded that the H2S gas could be effectively degraded by the treatment of H2O2 or bleaching powder when appropriate amount of the chemicals were exerted. Finally, in order to find out the causal organic substances refer to the generation of H2S in landfill sites, we selected the chemicals used in the materials. When 20 mg of the identified organic material that belong to admixture for cement or mortar, plasticizer and monomer for plastics and raw material for rubbers was added in a conical flask containing a 200 ml leachate and incubated at 35℃.

세척 및 미세척 재로부터 유기물질 및 무기염류의 용출에 관한 조사

( Fumihiko Misumi ),( Masataka Hanashima ),( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Noboru Katsukura ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.2

매립지의 조기 안정화를 위하여 매립에 앞서 폐기물을 전처리하는 시스템이 최근 제안되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수처리 후 소각재의 매립거동을 나타내기 위하여 매립지 모사 실험이 행해졌다. 그 결과, 전처리된 잔재물의 침출수 중의 유기물 함량과 염류 함량은 처리되지 않은 것 보다 훨씬 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. Pretreatment systems of Solid-Waste prior to landfilling are currently proposed for acceleration of landfill-site stabilization. In this study, landfill simulation experiments have been carried out, to describe the landfill behavior of incineration residues after water-pretreatment. As result, both organic contents and salt contents in leachate from pretreated residues were found to be sufficiently lower than from untreated.

Long-term Monitoring of Metal Elements in Total Suspended Particle Aerosols Simultaneously Collected at Three Islands in Okinawa, Japan

Akihide Itoh,Yoshito Oshiro,Sotaro Azechi,Yuka Somada,Daishi Handa,Yoichi Miyagi,Kazuhiko Nakano,Akira Tanahara,Takemitsu Arakaki 한국대기환경학회 2018 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.12 No.4

In the present study, total suspended particle (TSP) aerosols were simultaneously collected using identical high-volume air samplers at three islands in Okinawa; Cape Hedo Atmosphere and Aerosol Monitoring Station (CHAAMS, Okinawa Island), from 2008 to 2012 Kume Island (KM, ca. 160 km south-west of CHAAMS), and Minami-Daitou Island (MD, ca. 320 km south-east of CHAAMS) from 2008 to 2010. The sample collected were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ED-XRF) and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SR-XRF) to investigation longrange transport of metal elements to Okinawa from the Asian continent. From analytical data on samples collected at CHAAMS for five years, it was found that most elements (Ca, Fe, Ti, Mn, V, Cu, Ni, Pb, As, and Zn) in TSP aerosols showed higher concentrations in the period from October to May, when the continental air mass passed over Okinawa, regardless of Asian dust events. The annual average concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, and Pb in TSP aerosol samples collected at three islands gradually decreased as the TSP aerosols traveled from west to east in any year. Based on the enrichment factors (EFs) and concentration ratios, it is considered that most of anthropogenic elements such as As, Pb, and Zn in TSP aerosols are derived from coal combustion in the Asian continent. Moreover, it is confirmed from the direction of the air mass reaching the sampling sites that Cu, Zn, As, and Pb in TSP aerosols were transported to the three islands in Okinawa by air mass not only from northwest and north, but also from the west. These TSP aerosols transported from the Asian continent may influences not only the atmospheric environment but also the concentrations of trace metals in coastal seawater in Okinawa, which have to be kept extremely low to preserve the diverse and unique ecosystem in coral reefs.

INVESTIGATION ON LEACHING OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND INORGANIC SALTS FROM WASHED AND UNWASHED ASH

( Fumihiko Misumi ),( Masataka Hanashima ),( Sotaro Higuchi ),( Noboru Katsukura ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1

Pretreatment systems of Solid-Waste prior to landfilling are currently proposed for acceleration of landfill-site stabilization. In this study, landfill simulation experiments have been carried out, to describe the landfill behavior of incineration residues after water- pretreatment. As result, both organic contents and salt contents in leachate from pretreated residues were found to be sufficiently lower than from untreated.

물질수지를 이용한 폐기물매립지 메탄산화계수 산정 및 비교

이원재,박진규,Kazuo Tameda,Sotaro Higuchi,이남훈 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2016 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.33 No.7

The objective of this study was to determine the CH4 oxidation factor (%) and the CH4 oxidation rate (g m−2 d−1) in landfill cover soil. To quantify in-situ rates of CH4 oxidation, CH4 and CO2 fluxes were measured on a landfill site using the static chamber technique. The CH4 oxidation factor obtained in this study through the mass balance method ranged between 41% and 61%, which is much higher than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default value of 10%. The higher CH4 oxidation factor derived in this study can be explained by the CH4 bottom flux in addition to the soil texture. The CH4 oxidation factors were observed to increase with decreases in CH4 bottom flux. Therefore, when CH4 bottom fluxes are high in a landfill, using a gas collection system can enhance CH4 oxidation factor. The CH4 oxidation rates were estimated to range from 16.6 g m−2 d−1 to 20.8 g m−2 d−1. In addition, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vegetation on the CH4 oxidation factor. The results showed that the CH4 oxidation factors for bare soil, vegetated soil, and soil adjacent to a gas well were 57%, 70%, and 44%, respectively. The results indicate that vegetation on landfill covers can increase the CH4 oxidation factor because of increasing soil porosity.