Age of Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in China: Almost 10 Years Earlier than in the United States and the European Union

Song, Qing-Kun,Li, Jing,Huang, Rong,Fan, Jin-Hu,Zheng, Rong-Shou,Zhang, Bao-Ning,Zhang, Bin,Tang, Zhong-Hua,Xie, Xiao-Ming,Yang, Hong-Jian,He, Jian-Jun,Li, Hui,Li, Jia-Yuan,Qiao, You-Lin,Chen, Wan-Qin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Background: The study aimed to describe the age distribution of breast cancer diagnosis among Chinese females for comparison with the United States and the European Union, and provide evidence for the screening target population in China. Materials and Methods: Median age was estimated from hospital databases from 7 tertiary hospitals in China. Population-based data in China, United States and European Union was extracted from the National Central Cancer Registry, SEER program and GLOBOCAN 2008, respectively. Age-standardized distribution of breast cancer at diagnosis in the 3 areas was estimated based on the World Standard Population 2000. Results: The median age of breast cancer at diagnosis was around 50 in China, nearly 10 years earlier than United States and European Union. The diagnosis age in China did not vary between subgroups of calendar year, region and pathological characteristics. With adjustment for population structure, median age of breast cancer at diagnosis was 50~54 in China, but 55~59 in United States and European Union. Conclusions: The median diagnosis age of female breast cancer is much earlier in China than in the United States and the European Union pointing to racial differences in genetics and lifestyle. Screening programs should start at an earlier age for Chinese women and age disparities between Chinese and Western women warrant further studies.

Adverse Effects of Preserved Vegetables on Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Esophagus and Precancer Lesions in a High Risk Area

Song, Qing-Kun,Zhao, Lin,Li, Jun,He, Yu-Ming,Jiang, Cui-Ping,Jiang, Hai-Dong,Qu, Chen-Xu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers in China. Preserved vegetables are processed foods and consumed in high amounts in the high risk areas for ESCC. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of preserved vegetable consumption with ESCC and precancer lesions. Methods: Cases from Yanting cancer hospital with pathological diagnosis of primary cancer, along with controls and individuals diagnosed with precancer lesions by endoscopy with iodine staining were interviewed. Trained staff collected data on dietary habits 1 year before the interview. An unconditional logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios of preserved vegetable consumption for precancer lesions and cancer. Results: Adjusting for potential confounders, intake of preserved vegetables (OR=2.92, 95%CI 1.32~6.47) and longer intake period (OR=5.78, 95%CI 2.26~14.80) were associated with higher risk of ESCC. Compared with lowest intake frequency, the highest was associated with a 3.0-fold risk for precancer lesions and 3.59-fold risk for ESCC (both p<0.05). Conclusion: Consumption of preserved vegetables is a risk factor for esophageal lesions in high risk areas. The carcinogenicity of preserved vegetables needs investigation in further studies and the public health strategies for reducing the consumption might be initiated in high risk areas.

Enhanced Whole-cell Biodehydrogenation of 11β-hydroxyl Medroxyprogesterone in a Biphasic System Containing Ionic Liquid

Jun-Yao He,Pu Wang,Yu-Fen Yang,Song-Lin Xie 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5

A hydrophilic ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (L)-lactate ([bmim][lactate]), was successfully employed as a co-solvent to improve the biodehydrogenation of steroid 11β-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone (HMP)to pregna-1,4-diene-6α-methyl-3,20-dione-11β,17α-dihydroxy (PDMDD) in an aqueous-organic biphasic system using Arthrobacter simplex UR106 cells. First, a suitable biphasic system was constituted, composed of toluene and Tris-HCl buffer (0.05 mol/L, pH 7.6) at a 0.4 (V_(org)/V_(aq))volumetric phase ratio. Investigation of biodehydrogenation with the addition of [bmim][lactate] to the aqueous phase was then performed. The results demonstrate that biodehydrogenation is more efficient in a biphasic system containing 2% [bmim][lactate] as a co-solvent compared to an aqueous-toluene two-phase system. Higher bioconversion (83.2% versus 56.4%) was observed after 16 h at a substrate concentration of 80 mg HMP in 8 mL of toluene.

ABO Blood Groups and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Zhang, Bai-Lin,He, Na,Huang, Yu-Bei,Song, Feng-Ju,Chen, Ke-Xin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

Background: For decades, studies have been performed to evaluate the association between ABO blood groups and risk of cancer. However, whether ABO blood groups are associated with overall cancer risk remains unclear. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to assess this association. Materials and Methods: A search of Pubmed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Wiley, and Web of Knowledge databases (to May 2013) was supplemented by manual searches of bibliographies of key retrieved articles and relevant reviews. We included case-control studies and cohort studies with more than 100 cancer cases. Results: The search yielded 89 eligible studies that reported 100,554 cases at 30 cancer sites. For overall cancer risk, the pooled OR was 1.12 (95%CI: 1.09-1.16) for A vs. non- A groups, and 0.84 (95%CI: 0.80-0.88) for O vs. non-O groups. For individual cancer sites, blood group A was found to confer increased risk of gastric cancer (OR=1.18; 95%CI: 1.13-1.24), pancreatic cancer (OR=1.23; 95%CI: 1.15-1.32), breast cancer (OR=1.12; 95%CI: 1.01-1.24), ovarian cancer (OR=1.16; 95%CI: 1.04-1.27), and nasopharyngeal cancer (OR=1.17; 95%CI: 1.00-1.33). Blood group O was found to be linked to decreased risk of gastric cancer (OR=0.84; 95%CI: 0.80-0.88), pancreatic cancer (OR=0.75; 95%CI: 0.70-0.80), breast cancer (OR=0.90; 95%CI: 0.85-0.95), colorectal cancer (OR=0.89; 95%CI: 0.81-0.96), ovarian cancer (OR=0.76; 95%CI: 0.53-1.00), esophagus cancer (OR=0.94; 95%CI: 0.89-1.00), and nasopharyngeal cancer (OR=0.81; 95%CI: 0.70-0.91). Conclusions: Blood group A is associated with increased risk of cancer, and blood group O is associated with decreased risk of cancer.

Endogenous hormone levels and activities of IAA-modifying enzymes during adventitious rooting of tree peony cuttings and grafted scions

Xinya Meng,Zheng Wang,Song Lin He,Liyun Shi,Yinglong Song,Xueyuan Lou,Dan He 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.2

During rooting of both cuttings and grafted scions of tree peony ( Paeonia suff ruticosa Andr.) cultivar ‘Fengdanbai’, the anatomicalstructure, the contents of endogenous hormones (indole acetic acid, IAA; zeatin, ZT; gibberellin, GA 3 ; and abscisicacid, ABA), and the activities of IAA oxidase (IAAO), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were observed. Theresults showed that the rooting processes in cuttings and grafted scions were similar, but that the critical period of rootingin cuttings was earlier than in grafts (cuttings: 18–20 days; scions: 38–40 days). IAA content showed a direct correlationwith rooting, with the peak value appearing as the adventitious roots were breaking through the epidermis in both cuttingsand grafts (cuttings: 20 days; scions: 38 days). ZT and GA 3 promoted adventitious rooting, and ABA inhibited it. The peakvalues of the IAA:ABA and IAA:ZT ratios appeared at the same time as the IAA peak (cuttings: 20 days; scions: 38 days),which indicated that these values were closely related to the occurrence of adventitious roots. Changes in the activitiesof IAAO, POD, and PPO, which modify IAA levels, indicated that there were no direct relationships between these threeenzymes and adventitious root formation in cuttings or grafts. These results provide a basis for further study of adventitiousroot formation in the ornamental tree peony.

Pap Smear Combined with HPV Testing: A Reasonable Tool for Women with High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treated by LEEP

Mo, Ling-Zhao,Song, Hong-Lin,Wang, Jian-Li,He, Qing,Qiu, Zhang-Can,Li, Fei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.10

Background: To evaluate HPV testing by Hybrid Capture II (HCII) in conjunction with cytology in detecting the residual/recurrence disease after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 158 patients with histologically confirmed CIN II-III who underwent LEEP between January 2011 and October 2012 was conducted. Post-treatment control was scheduled at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 18th month. All patients were followed up by Pap smear and HR-HPV genotype and viral load testing. Results: Pre-treatment, HR-HPV DNA, was detected in all specimens of the patients. At follow-up, 25 patients were diagnosed as the residual/recurrent disease during the FU visit, among whom, 16 patients with positive margin: 13 patients (52%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+, 2 patients (8%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology-, 1 patient (4%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-; 9 patients with clean margin - 5 patients (55.6%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+; 2 patients (22.2%) with HRHPV DNA+/cytology-, 2 patients (22.2%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-. None of them persisting HR-HPV DNA-/cytology-with positive or negative margin was identified as the residual/recurrent disease. The majority of residual/recurrent disease was detected at the 12th and 18th month FU, and there was almost no difference in the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between at the 3rd month and the 6th month FU visits. 14 residual/recurrence disease (14/46:30.4%) had pre-treatment high viral load (>5 000 RUL/PC) and 11 (11/112, 9.8%) with pre-treatment low viral load, P<0.05. Conclusions: (1) The persistence HR-HPV DNA is the root cause of the residual/recurrent disease for the women treated for high-grade CIN; the pre-treatment viral load and margin can be seen as the predictor. (2) The FU visit beginning at the 6th month post-treatment and lasting at least 24 months with the combination of cytology and HPV testing. (3) Patients with high pre-treatment HPV load, which is considered as one risk of developing the residual/recurrent disease, should be paid more attention (especially above 500RUL/PC) to by clinicians.

Effects of Different Sucrose Concentrations in the Culture Medium on the Growth of Colored Zantedeschia In Vitro under CO2 Enrichment Conditions

Zheng Wang,Yinglong Song,Liyun Shi,Yuzhen Guo,Wenqian Shang,Dan He,Song Lin He 한국화훼학회 2016 화훼연구 Vol.24 No.2

Carbon source, an essential nutrient for plant growth, mainly includes exogenous sugar and CO2 of the environment in vitro. Therefore, the exogenous sugar and CO2 of the environment make the important roles in tissue culture. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different sugar concentrations (0, 10, 15 and 30 g·L-1) on the growth of colored Zantedeschia in vitro under certain CO2 concentration and explore the optimal sugar concentration. The plantlets in vitro of colored Zantedeschia had the largest root number, root weight, and root vigor under 0 g·L-1 (sugar-free culture) treatment. And they had the largest plant height, leaf length and leaf chlorophyll content, but p oor r oot v igor under 3 0 g·L-1 sugar. This study indicated that the optimal condition for proliferation and seedling culture of colored Zantedeschia plantlets in vitro was MS medium with 30 g·L-1 sugar, and the suitable medium for rooting culture and transplanting of colored Zantedeschia was MS medium with sugar-free culture under CO2 enrichment condition.

LED-Supplied Red and Blue Light Alters the Growth, Antioxidant Status, and Photochemical Potential of in Vitro-Grown Gerbera jamesonii Plantlets

Xinya Meng,Zheng Wang,Song Lin He,Liyun Shi,Yinglong Song,Xueyuan Lou,Dan He 한국원예학회 2019 원예과학기술지 Vol.37 No.4

Light is one of the most important environmental factors influencing plant growth and development. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are are a promising alternative to conventional light sources for planttissue cultures. Combined red (R) and blue (B) LEDs are suitable for the production of many plantspecies. However, few studies have examined the effects of different R:B ratios on Gerberajamesonii under controlled conditions. G. jamesonii plantlets were grown in controlled conditionsunder different ratios of discreet and blue light wavelengths provided by programmable LEDs. Theeffects of the different LED treatments on various morphological indices, photosynthetic parameters,soluble sugar and protein contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed. Growth undermonochromatic red light resulted in the tallest plantlets and longest stomata, and most promotedsoluble content and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). Growth under monochromatic blue lightpromoted the highest levels of soluble protein, chlorophyll a (chlorophyll a (Chl a), and chlorophyllb (chlorophyll b (Chl b). An R:B ratio of 6:4 was the ideal LED treatment for enhancing leaf length,root length, and peroxidase activity. Growth under R:B = 7:3 promoted the number of leaves, leafwidth, number of roots, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities, chlorophyll synthesis, and theaccumulation of Chl a and Chl b and led to the highest fluorescence parameters. With the exceptionof three physiological indicators, other indicators growth under R:B = 7:3 were better than underother tested ratios, implying that R:B = 7:3 represents the ideal LED treatment for improving G. jamesonii growth and photosynthetic activities under controlled conditions.

Bio-Frontier Symposium : Natural Product Medicine ; Effect of TG1022, an activator for AMP-activated protein kinase, on reduction of body fat

( Seung Lark Hwang ),( He Bok Song ),( Tae Lin Huh ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2006 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Pretreatment Serum Amyloid A and C-reactive Protein Comparing with Epstein-Barr Virus DNA as Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Prospective Study

Qiu-Yan Chen,Qing-Nan Tang,Lin-Quan Tang,Wen-Hui Chen,Shan-Shan Guo,Li-Ting Liu,Chao-Feng Li,Yang Li,Yu-Jing Liang,Xue-Song Sun,Ling Guo,Hao-Yuan Mo,Rui Sun,Dong-Hua Luo,Yu-Ying Fan,Yan He,Ming-Yuan C 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.3

Purpose The measuring Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA is an important predictor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study evaluated the predictive value of pretreatment serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) comparing with EBV DNA in patients with NPC. Materials and Methods In an observational study of 419 non-metastatic NPC patients, we prospectively evaluated the prognostic effects of pretreatment SAA, CRP, and EBV DNA on survival. The primary endpoint was progress-free survival (PFS). Results The median level of SAA and CRP was 4.28 mg/L and 1.88 mg/L, respectively. For the high- SAA group (> 4.28 mg/L) versus the low-SAA ( 4.28 mg/L) group and the high-CRP group (> 1.88 mg/L) versus the low-CRP ( 1.88 mg/L) group, the 5-year PFS was 64.5% versus 73.1% (p=0.013) and 65.2% versus 73.3% (p=0.064), respectively. EBV DNA detection showed a superior predictive result, the 5-year PFS in the EBV DNA  1,500 copies/mL group was obviously different than the EBV DNA < 1,500 copies/mL group (62.2% versus 77.8%, p < 0.001). Multifactorial Cox regression analysis confirmed that in the PFS, the independent prognostic factors were including EBV DNA (hazard ratio [HR], 1.788; p=0.009), tumour stage (HR, 1.903; p=0.021), and node stage (HR, 1.498; p=0.049), but the SAA and CRP were not included in the independent prognostic factors. Conclusion The results of SAA and CRP had a certain relationship with the prognosis of NPC, and the prognosis of patients with high level of SAA and CRP were poor. However, the predictive ability of SAA and CRP was lower than that of EBV DNA.