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Combined Effect of CO2 and Temperature on Wheat Powdery Mildew Development
Slavica Matić,Maria Alexandra Cucu,Angelo Garibaldi,Maria Lodovica Gullino 한국식물병리학회 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.4
The effect of simulated climate changes by applying different temperatures and CO2 levels was investigated in the Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici/wheat pathosystem. Healthy and inoculated plants were exposed in single phytotrons to six CO2+temperature combinations: (1) 450 ppm CO2/18-22°C (ambient CO2 and low temperature), (2) 850 ppm CO2/18-22°C (elevated CO2 and low temperature), (3) 450 ppm CO2/22-26°C (ambient CO2 and medium temperature), (4) 850 ppm CO2/22-26°C (elevated CO2 and medium temperature), (5) 450 ppm CO2/26-30°C (ambient CO2 and high temperature), and (6) 850 ppm CO2/26-30°C (elevated CO2 and high temperature). Powdery mildew disease index, fungal DNA quantity, plant death incidence, plant expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, plant growth parameters, carbohydrate and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Both CO2 and temperature, and their interaction significantly influenced powdery mildew development. The most advantageous conditions for the progress of powdery mildew on wheat were low temperature and ambient CO2. High temperatures inhibited pathogen growth independent of CO2 conditions, and no typical powdery mildew symptoms were observed. Elevated CO2 did not stimulate powdery mildew development, but was detrimental for plant vitality. Similar abundance of three PR transcripts was found, and the level of their expression was different between six phytotron conditions. Real time PCR quantification of Bgt was in line with the disease index results, but this technique succeeded to detect the pathogen also in asymptomatic plants. Overall, future global warming scenarios may limit the development of powdery mildew on wheat in Mediterranean area, unless the pathogen will adapt to higher temperatures.
Combined Effect of CO<sub>2</sub> andTemperature on Wheat Powdery Mildew Development
Matic, Slavica,Cucu, Maria Alexandra,Garibaldi, Angelo,Gullino, Maria Lodovica The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.4
The effect of simulated climate changes by applying different temperatures and $CO_2$ levels was investigated in the Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici/wheat pathosystem. Healthy and inoculated plants were exposed in single phytotrons to six $CO_2$+temperature combinations: (1) 450 ppm $CO_2/18-22^{\circ}C$ (ambient $CO_2$ and low temperature), (2) 850 ppm $CO_2/18-22^{\circ}C$ (elevated $CO_2$ and low temperature), (3) 450 ppm $CO_2/22-26^{\circ}C$ (ambient $CO_2$ and medium temperature), (4) 850 ppm $CO_2/22-26^{\circ}C$ (elevated $CO_2$ and medium temperature), (5) 450 ppm $CO_2/26-30^{\circ}C$ (ambient $CO_2$ and high temperature), and (6) 850 ppm $CO_2/26-30^{\circ}C$ (elevated $CO_2$ and high temperature). Powdery mildew disease index, fungal DNA quantity, plant death incidence, plant expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, plant growth parameters, carbohydrate and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Both $CO_2$ and temperature, and their interaction significantly influenced powdery mildew development. The most advantageous conditions for the progress of powdery mildew on wheat were low temperature and ambient $CO_2$. High temperatures inhibited pathogen growth independent of $CO_2$ conditions, and no typical powdery mildew symptoms were observed. Elevated $CO_2$ did not stimulate powdery mildew development, but was detrimental for plant vitality. Similar abundance of three PR transcripts was found, and the level of their expression was different between six phytotron conditions. Real time PCR quantification of Bgt was in line with the disease index results, but this technique succeeded to detect the pathogen also in asymptomatic plants. Overall, future global warming scenarios may limit the development of powdery mildew on wheat in Mediterranean area, unless the pathogen will adapt to higher temperatures.
Nevena Kardum,Branislav Milovanovic,Katarina Savikin,Gordana Zdunic,Slavica Mutavdzin,Tatjana Gligorijevic,Slavica Spasic 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11
Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between intake of foods rich in antioxidants and lower incidence of cardiovascular disease development. Polyphenols are considered the most abundant and important dietaryantioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of polyphenol-rich chokeberry juice consumption on 24-h ambulatory monitored blood pressure (BP) level in subjects with no pharmacologically treated high normal BP or grade I hypertension. Twenty-three subjects (12 men and 11 women) aged 33–67 were enrolled and instructed to consume 200mL of juice daily for 4 weeks. Participants were divided in two groups, based on prevalence of sympathetic or parasympatheticactivity. Measurements of biochemical parameters and heart rate variability analysis were also applied. At the end of the intervention period, average 24-h and awake systolic and diastolic BP were significantly decreased (P < .05). This was more pronounced in the group with prevalence of sympathetic activity. Significant reduction in triglyceride level (P < .05) and a reducing effect on total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also found. Obtained results indicate a positive impact of regular chokeberry juice consumption on BP and lipid status in pharmacologically untreated hypertensive subjects.
Phenolic Compounds and Biological Activity of Kitaibelia vitifolia
Pavle Masˇkovic,Slavica Solujic,Vladimir Mihailovic,Milan Mladenovic,Milica Cvijovic,Jelena Mladenovic,Gordana Ac´amovic´-Ðokovic,V´ ladimir Kurc´ubic 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12
This study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity and efficacy of the ethanolic extract of the endemic plant species Kitaibelia vitifolia in inhibiting the growth of selected fungi and bacteria. Antimicrobial activity was tested using the broth dilution procedure for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). MICs were determined for eight selected indicator strains. The highest susceptibility to K. vitifolia ethanolic extract among the bacteria tested was exhibited by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 (MIC =15.62 ㎛/mL), followed by Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153 (MIC = 31.25 ㎍/mL), and Proteus vulgaris ATCC 13315 (MIC = 62.50 ㎍/mL). Of the fungi, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (MIC = 15.62 ㎍/mL)showed the highest susceptibility, and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 (MIC = 31.25 ㎍/mL) had the lowest. Results showed that K. vitifolia extract possesses antioxidant activity, with total antioxidant capacity of 75.45±0.68 ㎍ of ascorbic acid/g and 50% inhibition concentration values of 47.45±0.55 ㎍/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity,35.35±0.68 ㎍/mL for inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation, 95.25± 0.52 ㎍/mL for hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and 31.50 – 0.35 lg/mL for metal chelating activity. Total phenolics, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and gallotannins were 85.25±0.69 mg of gallic acid (GA)/g, 45.32±0.55 mg of rutin/g, 54.25±0.75 mg of GA/g, and 41.74±0.55 mg of GA/g,respectively. The phenolic composition of K. vitifolia extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Rosmarinic acid was found to be the dominant phenolic compound of the extract.
Implicit Individualism in Teachers’ Theories of Creativity: Through the “Four P’s” Looking Glass
Jelena Pavlović,Slavica Maksić,Bojana Bodroža 대한사고개발학회 2013 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.23 No.1
This paper reports the results of research into teachers’ implicit theories of creativity. The implicit theories of creativity held by teachers may influence their educational practice and attitude toward students’ creativity and its development. The participants were 144 primary school teachers from Serbia. The teachers were administered a questionnaire that included an open ended question asking them to define creativity. The teachers’ responses were then qualitatively analyzed in line with the Four P’s model of creativity. The most frequent responses belonged to the category of the creative person, followed by those responses that pointed to the creative process. The creative person was described in terms of personality, ability, motivation, talent and giftedness, as well as knowledge. The creative process included cognitive, expressive, practical and imaginative aspects. The implicit individualism in teachers’ theories of creativity is discussed in the light of nurturing student creativity at school.
Nenad Vukovic,Slobodan Sukdolak,Slavica Solujic,Neda Niciforovic 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2
The chemical composition of essential oils obtained from the roots, stems, and leaves of Ballota nigra, growing in Serbia, was investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses. Kovats indices, mass spectra, and standard compounds were used to identify a total of 115 individual compounds. The plant produces two types of essential oils. Oils derived from stems and leaves were sesquiterpene rich (78.17% and 88.40%, respectively), containing principally β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, and α-humulene, present in appreciable amounts. In contrast, oil derived from the root was dominated by p-vinylguiacol (9.24%), borneol (7.51%), myrtenol (7.13%), trans-pinocarveol (5.22%), pinocarvone (4.37%), 2-methyl-3-phenylpropanal (4.32%), and p-cymen-8-ol (4.30%). Essential oil obtained from the roots was evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial species and one fungi.
Nenad Vukovic,Slobodan Sukdolak,Slavica Solujic,Neda Niciforovic 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.1
Series of imino and amino derivatives of 4-hydroxy coumarins were synthesized via conventional and microwave promoted procedure and evaluated for antioxidant potential through different in vitro models such as (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, linoleic acid emulsion model system, reducing power assay and phosphomolybdenum method. All prepared compounds possess good antioxidant activity and among them p-nitro-phenyl derivative 6c with IC50 at 25.9 μM possesses radical scavenging activity which is comparable to standard BHT, while the best reducing power was observed in a case of benzyl amino compound 8c (RP50 255.6 μM). Also, observed data indicated that compounds may serve as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation process.
Vukovic, Nenad,Sukdolak, Slobodan,Solujic, Slavica,Niciforovic, Neda The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2
The chemical composition of essential oils obtained from the roots, stems, and leaves of Ballota nigra, growing in Serbia, was investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses. Kovats indices, mass spectra, and standard compounds were used to identify a total of 115 individual compounds. The plant produces two types of essential oils. Oils derived from stems and leaves were sesquiterpene rich (78.17% and 88.40%, respectively), containing principally $\beta$-caryophyllene, germacrene D, and $\alpha$-humulene, present in appreciable amounts. In contrast, oil derived from the root was dominated by p-vinylguiacol (9.24%), borneol (7.51%), myrtenol (7.13%), trans-pinocarveol (5.22%), pinocarvone (4.37%), 2-methyl-3-phenylpropanal (4.32%), and p-cymen-8-ol (4.30%). Essential oil obtained from the roots was evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial species and one fungi.
Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Chokeberry Juice on Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant Status in Healthy Subjects
Nevena Kardum,Aleksandra Konic´-Ristic,Katarina Savikin,Slavica Spasic,Aleksandra Stefanovic,Jasmina Ivanisevic,Milica Miljkovic 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.8
Berry fruits are a rich source of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins: well-known potent anti-oxidant phytochemicals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate beneficial effects of long-term consumption of polyphenol-rich organic chokeberry juice on different markers of antioxidant/pro-oxidant status in healthy female volunteers. Twenty-nine women, aged 25–49, were included in the study. Serological markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence, blood pressure, routine biochemical, and anthropometric parameters were analyzed at baseline and after twelve weeks of regular chokeberry juice consumption. Significant decrease in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances level (TBARS; P < .001) and pro-oxidantantioxidant balance (PAB; P < .05), as well as increase in paroxonase-1 activity toward diazoxon (P < .01) were found. Total oxidative status and sulphydryl groups levels were not significantly influenced by the intervention. Anthropometric, biochemical parameters, and blood pressure values were within the referent values for all subjects and were not influenced by the chokeberry juice consumption. However, we found positive correlation between age, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percent, blood pressure, and analyzed marker of lipid peroxidation, which was influenced by the consumption. In conclusion, the fine modulation of several antioxidant/pro-oxidant status biomarkers observed in healthy subjects indicates putative prophylactic effects of polyphenol-rich chokeberry juice and supports its importance as part of an optimal diet.
Parameters of Calcium Metabolism Fluctuated during Initiation or Changing of Antipsychotic Drugs
Dragan R. Milovanovic,Marijana Stanojevic Pirkovic,Snezana Zivancevic Simonovic,Milovan Matovic,Slavica Djukic Dejanovic,Slobodan M. Jankovic,Dragan Ravanic,Milan Petronijevic,Dragana Ignjatovic Risti 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.1
ObjectiveaaSerum parameters of calcium homeostasis were measured based on previously published evidence linking osteoporotic fractures and/or bone/mineral loss with antipsychotics. MethodsaaProspective, four-week, time-series trial was conducted and study population consisted of patients of both genders, aged 35-85 years, admitted within the routine practice, with acute psychotic symptoms, to whom an antipsychotic drug was either introduced or substituted. Serial measurements of serum calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, osteocalcin and C-telopeptide were made from patient venous blood samples. ResultsaaCalcium serum concentrations significantly decreased from baseline to the fourth week (2.42±0.12 vs. 2.33±0.16 mmol/L, p=0.022, n=25). The mean of all calcemia changes from the baseline was -2.6±5.7% (-24.1 to 7.7) with more decreases than increases (78 vs. 49, p=0.010) and more patents having negative sum of calcemia changes from baseline (n=28) than positive ones (n=10) (p=0.004). There were simultaneous falls of calcium and magnesium from baseline (63/15 vs. 23/26, p<0.001; OR=4.75, 95% CI 2.14–10.51), phosphorous (45/33 vs. 9/40, p<0.001; 6.06, 2.59–14.20) and 25(OH)D concentrations (57/21 vs. 13/35, p<0.001; 7.31, 3.25–16.42), respectively. Calcemia positively correlated with magnesemia, phosphatemia and 25(OH)D values. Parathyroid hormone and C-telopeptide showed only subtle oscillations of their absolute concentrations or changes from baseline; calcitonin and osteocalcin did not change. Adjustment of final calcemia trend (depletion/accumulation) for relevant risk factors, generally, did not change the results. ConclusionaaIn patients with psychotic disorders and several risks for bone metabolism disturbances antipsychotic treatment was associated with the decrease of calcemia and changes in levels of the associated ions.