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Climate change effects on Asian honey bees and bee keeping
Siriwat Wongsiri 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10
Climate change and global warming are directly effecting the population dynamics of insects of medical importance and insect pests of agricultural commodities during the last few years. The outbreak of some insect-borndiseases and decreasing yield of agricultural products are both caused and results of climate change are known everywhere in the world. Recent reports of honey bee diseases and out breaks, as well as increase in the incidence of CCD(Collapse Colonial Disease) are causing great concerns and pose big problem for our bee keepers in many countries in North America and Europe. These important infectious diseases are possible carried and propagated by bee mites primarily by Varroa mites, which have recently experienced increasing populations in USA and UK includes some European countries. Recently some Asian honey bees adapted to live in the urban areas as the example of Apis dorsata move to Mae Fah Luang Campus more than 30 colonies and even in Chulalonkorn Campus more than 10 colonies increase from few colonies in the the last few years. Apis florea have been found more than 161 colonies this year in Kanchanaburi (River Kwai province) this year(2009). The discussion of some wild honey bees migration will concentrate on research program of our bee research unit of the university in Thailand.
Siriwat Sakhonwasee,Wanalee Phingkasan 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.2
Many studies have investigated the impact of a single calcium salt on plant physiology under heat-stress,but it is difficult to determine the effect of calcium from those of its counterions. To address this, we investigatedcalcium-mediated heat tolerance in tomato seedlings using foliar sprays of four different salt solutions: CaCl2,CaNO3, MgCl2 or KNO3. 24 h heat-The application of CaCl2 and CaNO3 improved the operating efficiency ofphotosystem II (PSII) in the light-adapted state (ΦPSII), maximum quantum efficiency of PSII in the dark-adaptedstate (Fv/Fm), and the CO2 assimilation rate under the heat-stress condition. In contrast, the application of MgCl2 andKNO3 had no significant effect on ,those parameters. The application of CaCl2 and CaNO3 resulted in a lowerproduction of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and cell death than the heat-stressed control plants. The application ofMgCl2 and KNO3 also resulted in lower hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, but to a lesser extent. Leafosmotic potential values of seedlings treated with the salt solutions were lower than the control.
Siriwat Thunyacharoen,Solos Lymkhanakhom,Pranpriya Chantakhat,Supakorn Suwanin,Supanat Sawanprom,Anak Iamaroon,Apirum Janhom,Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh 대한해부학회 2020 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.53 No.3
Mandibular foramen (MF) is a structure that inferior alveolar nerve and artery pass through itself which is found on the mandible. The objective of this research aims to locate MF among the Thai population including other MF characteristics. The sampling is conducted in the Thai population of the total number of 220 samples from the Forensic Osteology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University. The MF anteroposterior and superoinferior localizations are similar in both sex which at Q₃ of right anteroposterior, Q₂ of left anteroposterior and Q₂ of left and right superoinferior axis. Otherwise, the prevalence of accessory MF has in 68 samples which are 30.89%. The prevalence of unilateral single accessory MF is 20.45%, bilateral single accessory MF is 6.36%, unilateral double accessory MF is 2.27% and bilateral double accessory MF is 0.45%. This present research results that the Thai population has a difference in MF location while comparing to other populations. Moreover, Thai MF and accessory MF location and localization will be helpful to clinical implications.
Penthai Siriwat,Vincent Nijman 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.4
Social media has become an increasingly popular platform to trade legal and illegal wildlife. Here, we evaluate the online trade of otters, a group of globally threatened taxa in Thailand, a country of high global social media use. During the 14-month period, we monitored five Facebook groups to establish a primary understanding of the scope and scale of the trade. We recorded 160 sales posts (337 individual otters) of two species, the Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) (81%) and the smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) (19%). Newborn otter pups accounted for 53% of the offers, whereas young otters accounted for 35%. Prices averaged US$78, where the smooth-coated otter was offered at a significantly higher price than the Asian small-clawed otter. Juvenile otters were also significantly more expensive than newborns. Trade appears to be domestic; however, the potential for international trade cannot be overlooked. Although otters are protected domestically, we find that the trade is easily accessible and prevalent. The results reflect current inadequacies in enforcement and legislation in keeping pace with the rapidly shifting nature of the Internet in Thailand and throughout the global Internet community. A consistent collaborative effort from consumers, enforcement agencies, and operators is required to address this illicit trade.
Penthai Siriwat,Vincent Nijman 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.3
The shift of wildlife trade from brick-and-mortar markets to virtual online marketplaces is reported usingthe trade of birds of prey (raptors) in Thailand from 1968 to 2019 as a case study. We analyzed dataobtained from physical market survey data for 2,782 individuals from 27 species, with 2,420 individualsreported in early surveys (1968-1988) and 362 individuals reported in later surveys (2003-2015) andonline surveys (February 2017 to January 2019). We compared information on asking prices and whatspecies were traded using two comparative approaches to analyze how species composition may havechanged over time (physical markets and online platforms; pre-Internet and Internet era). In comparisonwith the five previous market surveys, we did not find a statistically significant difference betweenspecies and availability of species offered for sale when comparing physical bird markets and onlinemarkets. In all data sets, biological factors such as wingspan were significant factors in explaining pricevariation. We conclude that sustained monitoring is needed to make direct comparisons between thetrade platforms. With a continued increase of wildlife trade on online platforms, we recommendincreased regulation and enforcement of wildlife trade laws.
Boonmee Kavinseksan,Siriwat Wongsiri 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.2
The purpose of this study was to determine grooming behavior efficacy of Apis dorsata, Thai commercial (A. mellifera, Italian honey bee hybrids), and Primorsky honey bees (A. mellifera) in killing the mite species Euvarroa sinhai. Ten A. dorsata, 15 Thai commercial and 15 Primorsky colonies were used to compare efficacy in their grooming behavior related to E. sinhai. Fallen E. sinhai from A. dorsata colonies was collected using a white plastic sheet (1.4 × 2 m), which was smeared by vegetative oil and placed 1 m below each colony. The fallen E. sinhai on the plastic sheet were collected weekly until the colony was absconded. Dead E. sinhai from each colony of Thai commercial and Primorsky honey bees were collected by the use of mite collecting boards with wire screens. The boards were coated with a thin film of vegetable oil and maintained in the hives for periods of 7 days until the end of the experiment (12 months). Dead mites on the traps from A. dorsata, Thai commercial, and Primorsky colonies were retrieved by the use of a fine paint brush and examined for their injuries using a stereomicroscope at 40× magnification. Injuries obtained by the mites were classified as either injured legs only or injured both legs and body. The data on percent means of injured mites from colonies of the three bee types were analyzed using one-way ANOVA for a completely randomized design, and the means were compared using Duncan's new multiple range test. The results showed that A. dorsata workers had more efficient grooming behavior to kill E. sinhai than the Primorsky and Thai commercial bees, respectively. The percentage of injured mites in the A. dorsata debris (55.4 ± 2.2%) was significantly higher (P = 0.001, df = 37) than that of the Thai commercial (18.6 ± 1.6%) and Primorsky (41.4 ± 2.1%) debris (percent mean ± standard error), and the percentage of injured mites in the Primorsky debris was significantly higher than that of the Thai commercial debris. The percentage of mites that had severely injured both legs and body in the A. dorsata debris (42.0%) was higher than that of the Thai commercial (31.8%) and Primorsky (36.0%) debris. Mites that had injured legs only from the A. dorsata, Thai commercial, and Primorsky debris were 58.0%, 68.2%, and 64.0%, respectively.