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( Hon. Sir William Blair ),( Hon. Sir Robin Knowles ) 고려대학교 법학연구원 2020 The Asian Business Lawyer Vol.26 No.-
The offering by States in relation to commercial dispute resolution is under review in a number of countries, including some of the main players in international trade. The London Commercial Court is often seen as a model because of the amount of international business it deals with, and in recent years there has been a noticeable number of “international commercial courts”, such as in Singapore, or specialised chambers of national courts, as in France, which adopt similar procedures, sometimes including judges from other jurisdictions. These developments help to create synergy with international commercial and maritime arbitration, which is successfully used internationally. Proposals in Korea to establish a Maritime and International Commercial Court accord with these developments. The new court would seem further to enhance the reputation of Korea with its internationally respected judiciary and would be commensurate with the country’s technical and economic success as a progressive force in international legal affairs.
Autophagy in Viral Replication and Pathogenesis
Sir, Donna,Ou, Jing-hsiung James Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.1
Autophagy is a catabolic process that is important for the removal of damaged organelles and long-lived proteins for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. It can also serve as innate immunity to remove intracellular microbial pathogens. A growing list of viruses has been shown to affect this cellular pathway. Some viruses suppress this pathway for their survival, while others enhance or exploit this pathway to benefit their replication. The effect of viruses on autophagy may also sensitize cells to death or enhance cell survival and play a critical role in viral pathogenesis. In this article, we review the relationships between different viruses and autophagy and discuss how these relationships may affect viruses and their host cells.
A Study on a Compensation of Decoded Video Quality and an Enhancement of Encoding Speed
Sir, Jaechul,Yoon, Sungkyu,Lim, Younghwan Korea Computer Graphics Society 2000 컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지 Vol.6 No.3
There are two problems in H.26X compression technique. One is compressing time in encoding process and the other is degradation of the decoded video quality due to high compression rate. For transferring moving pictures in real-time, it is required to adopt massively high compression. In this case, there are a lot of losses of an original video data and that results in degradation of quality. Especially degradation called by blocking artifact may be produced. The blocking artifact effect is produced by DCT-based coding techniques because they operate without considering correlation between pixels in block boundaries. So it represents discontinuity between adjacent blocks. This paper describes methods of quality compensation for H.26x decoded data and enhancing encoding speed for real-time operation. Our goal of the quality compensation is not to make the decoded video identical to a original video but to make it perceived better through human eyes. We suggest an algorithm that reduces block artifact and clears decoded video in decoder. To enhance encoding speed, we adopt new four-step search algorithm. As shown in the experimental result, the quality compensation provides better video quality because of reducing blocking artifact. And then new four-step search algorithm with $MMX^{TM}$ implementation improves encoding speed from 2.5 fps to 17 fps.
( Sir-yeon Hong ),( Jungsoo Chae ),( Mi Rang Seo ),( Yoo Min Kim ),( Suk-joo Choi ),( Soo-young Oh ),( Cheong-rae Roh ),( Jong-hwa Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.104 No.-
Objective: We investigated the validity of quad serum markers for the prediction of the adverse pregnancy outcome(APO) in women with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome(APAS). Methods: We included 62 women with APAS who delivered in our institution between 2005 and 2017. APO was defined as fetal death in utero(FDIU), small for gestation age(SGA), preeclampsia or preterm delivery(<34weeks). First, we compared clinical characteristics between patients with or without APO. Second, we compared APO according to abnormal level of quad serum markers, which was defined as above 2.0MoM for -fetoprotein(AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG), inhibin A and below 0.5MoM for unconjugated estriol(uE3). Lastly, receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff of quad serum markers for prediction of each and composite APO. Results: 1) APAS mothers with composite APO showed higher median AFP(1.331 vs. 0.990MoM, p=0.020) and inhibin A(1.568 vs. 0.814MoM, p<0.001) compared to those without APO and was also associated with higher rates of positive risk of Down syndrome(18.8% vs. 0%, p=0.07) and neural tube defect(29.0% vs. 5.3%, p=0.067). 2) Elevated AFP level was associated with higher rates of FDIU(36.4% vs. 5.4%, p=0.019), and SGA(90.9% vs. 51.4%, p=0.032). Elevated inhibin A level was associated with higher rates of FDIU(50.0% vs. 2.9%, p=0.001), SGA(100.0% vs. 55.9%, p=0.009), and preterm delivery(60.0% vs. 15.2%, p=0.053). hCG and uE3 levels were not associated with any of APO and composite APO. 3) ROC curve for prediction of FDIU revealed area under the curve of 0.816 for AFP and 0.930 for inhibin A. With the cut-off value of above 1.28 MoM of AFP, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for prediction of FDIU was 100%, 63.2%, 28.6% and 100%, respectively. And those of inhibin A above 1.84 MoM were 100%, 86.8%. 54.5% and 100%. Conclusion: Elevated AFP and inhibin A levels in women with APAS have high predictive value for APO, especially FDIU.