3D flexible Si based-composite (Si@Si₃N₄)/CNF electrode with enhanced cyclability and high rate capability for lithium-ion batteries

Kim, Si-Jin,Kim, Min-Cheol,Han, Sang-Beom,Lee, Gyu-Ho,Choe, Hui-Seon,Kwak, Da-Hee,Choi, Sun-Yong,Son, Byung-Goo,Shin, Myoung-Sun,Park, Kyung-Won Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.27 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite extremely high capacity of Si-based anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIB), Si-based materials have shown a structural collapse caused by a volumetric expansion/contraction during the cycling process. The conventional electrode structure, which consists of active materials, a current collector, a conducting agent, and a binder, actually showed a low loading of active material due to the other heavy components. In this study, we prepared a 3D flexible Si-composite electrode consisting of core (Si)-shell (Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) NPs (Si@Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) and carbon nanofibers (denoted as Si-composite/CNF). The Si-composite/CNF was directly utilized as an anode in the absence of the other components was electrochemically evaluated using a coin-type cell. The Si-composite/CNF showed a high capacity of 665mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a fairly high current density of 10Ag<SUP>−1</SUP> and an extremely low capacity loss for 2000 cycles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We prepared Si-composite/CNF exhibits a 3D flexible Si-composite electrode. </LI> <LI> The electrode consists of core (Si)-shell (Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) NPs (Si@Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) and carbon nanofibers. </LI> <LI> The Si-composite/CNF was directly utilized as an anode. </LI> <LI> Si-composite /CNF exhibited high specific capacity and improved high rate cycling performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

한국인에서 일광노출과 자외선차단제에 대한 인식과 사용 행태 연구

장시혁 ( Si Hyeok Jang ),박현선 ( Hyun Sun Park ),조소연 ( So Yun Cho ),윤현선 ( Hyun Sun Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회지 Vol.53 No.1

Background: Although sunscreen is used as a primary strategy for the prevention of sunburn, photoaging, and skincancer, few people regularly use sunscreen. Objective: To investigate awareness regarding the effects of sunlight, the extent of sun exposure, and sunscreen usebehaviors in Korean subjects. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 467 adult patients who visited the Dermatology Department at SeoulNational University Boramae Hospital. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, causes of wrinkles,sunspots, and skin cancer, awareness of the harmful effects of sun exposure, perceived and actual extent of sunexposure, and the use of sun-protective methods including sunscreen. Results: Sun exposure was selected as the major cause of age spots (60.6%), skin cancer (60.9%), and wrinkles(25.9%). Respondents were likely to underestimate the extent of sun exposure. On average, quite a few respondentsstated that they were exposed to sunlight for more than one hour per day (22.7% on weekdays, 52.4% onweekends). However, only 9.4% of respondents thought that their sun exposure was problematic and 62.7% ofrespondents considered moderate sunlight exposure healthy. Respondents`` sun-protective behaviors were inadequate:only 29.8% used sunscreen regularly, and 16.5% have never used sunscreen. SPF was the most important factor inchoosing sunscreen, and 83.3% used a sunscreen with a labeled SPF over 30. By contrast, only 34.6% ofrespondents used PA+++ sunscreen. Conclusion: Despite fairly good knowledge regarding the harmful effects of sunlight, subjects underestimated therisks of their sun exposure and sun-protective behaviors were suboptimal. Education on the risk of UV exposure andeffects of sunscreen is still needed. (Korean J Dermatol 2015;53(1):16∼22)

Effects of Si on the Microstructure and Work Hardening Behavior of Fe‒17Mn‒1.1C‒xSi High Manganese Steels

Renlong Xiong,Yi Liu,Haitao Si,Huabei Peng,Shanling Wang,Binhan Sun,Hanxin Chen,Hyoung Seop Kim,Yuhua Wen 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10

In order to improve the work hardening capacity under low stresses and the yield strength of conventional Hadfield steels, theeffects of Si on the microstructure and work hardening behavior of the Fe‒17Mn‒1.1C‒xSi steels under both quasi-statictensile and low load impact are investigated. It is shown that the increase of the Si contents remarkably improves the yieldstrength by 36 MPa per 1 wt% Si in the investigated steel system without significant sacrifice of ductility. The decreasingeffect of Si on the stacking fault energy is strongly affected by carbon, although the variation of carbon content was small. This led to the unexpected similar stacking fault energy between 1Si and 2Si steel. With the increase of the Si contents forthe steels, the critical strain for the onset of mechanical twinning was lowered, which was controlled by the cooperationbetween the stacking fault energy and solid solution strengthening of Si. This resulted in the earlier initiation of mechanicaltwins and an increase in the twin volume fraction. Therefore, the work hardening capacities under both quasi-static tensileand low load impact tests were enhanced. It was also found that the impact deformation decreased as more mechanical twinsabsorbed the impact energy.

Effects of Phenytoin and Diazepam on the Seizure Activity in the Cortical Dysplasia Animal Models

Kim, Si-Hyung,Choi, In-Sun,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Park, Eun-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung,Choi, Byung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Dysplasia-associated seizure disorders are markedly resistant to pharmacological intervention. Relatively little research has been conducted studying the effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) on seizure activity in a rat model of dysplasia. We have used rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) in utero, an animal model featuring nodular heterotopia, to investigate the effects of AEDs in the dysplastic brain. Pilocarpine was used to induce acute seizure in MAM-exposed and age-matched vehicle-injucted control animals. Field potential recordings were used to monitor amplitude and numbers population spikes, and paired pulse inhibition in response to stimulation of commissural pathway. Two commonly used AEDs were tested: diazepam 5, 2.5mg/kg;phenytoin 40, 60mg/kg. Diazepam(DZP) and phenytoin(PHT) reduced the amplitude of population spike in control and MAM-exposed rats. However, the amplitude of population spike was nearly eliminated in control rats as compared to the MAM-exposed rats. Pharmaco-resistance was tested by measuring seizure latencies in awake rats after pilocarpine administration(320mg/kg, i.p.) with and without pretreatment with AEDs. Pre-treatment with PHT 60 mg prolonged seizure latency in control rats, but not in MAM-exposed animals. The main findings of this study are that acute seizures initiated in MAM-exposed rats are relatively resistant to standard AEDs assessed in vivo. These data suggest that animal model with cortical dysplasia can be used to screen the effects of potential AEDs.

『표해록(漂海錄)』과 『승차록(乘蹉錄)』에 나타난 산동(山東) 인식의 비교

손지수 ( Ji Si Sun ) 경상대학교 남명학연구소 2014 남명학연구 Vol.44 No.-

본고에서는 崔溥의 .漂海錄.과 崔斗燦의 .乘.錄.에 나타나는 두 저자의 산동 인식을 각각의 시대 별로 살펴보았다. 중국 당나라와 원나라는 국제화 정책을 시행하여 많은 유학생을 수 용했다, 그러나 명나라 건국 이후에는 쇄국정책을 실시하여 유학생 수 용을 금지했다. 이로 인해 조선의 선비들은 중국을 경험할 수 있는 기회 가 줄었고, 대체로 책을 통해서 중국을 체험하게 되었다. 명.청 시기, 조선에서 공식적으로 파견한 사신들은 중국에 관한 기록을 남겼으나, 사신의 신분으로는 북경 이남 지역의 경험이 불가능했기 때문에 북경 이외의 지역에 대한 기록은 찾아보기 어렵다. 한편, 비공식적인 漂流人 의 경우 북경 이남 지역을 경험하고 기록을 남기기도 했는데, 그 가운데 崔溥와 崔斗燦의 저작이 가장 대표적이다. 崔溥와 崔斗燦은 표류인의 자격으로 북경 이외의 지역을 경험했으며 이러한 경험이 담겨 있는 .漂海錄.과 .乘.錄.은 연구 자료로서 중요성을 띤다. 성종 연간에 관인 崔溥 일행은 제주도 앞바다에서 태풍을 만나 표류 하게 되었다. 그리고 순조 연간, 장인인 제주 대정현감 金仁澤의 요청으로 제주도로 떠난 崔斗燦은 1년 후 귀향길에서 큰 풍랑을 만나 표류하 게 되었다. 성종 17년(1486) 중국에 표류한 崔溥를 이어, 崔斗燦은 300여년 후인 순조 18년(1818) 중국에 표류했다. 두 시기 모두 조선 왕조는 이어지고 있었지만, 중국은 왕조가 바뀐 완전히 다른 시대였다. 같은 지역이라 하더라도 다른 시대 배경 아래서 겪는 체험과 감상은 다를 수밖에 없었다. 두 시대의 국가 경제와 국민 생활의 차이 등 다양 한 면에서 동이점을 찾아볼 수 있다. 한편으로 崔溥는 조선 시대의 관인 으로서 어명을 받아 .漂海錄.을 작성한 것에 반해, 崔斗燦은 자신의 취미대로 .乘.錄.을 기록했다. 이러한 점 역시 두 텍스트의 차이를 야기했다. 崔溥는 매우 상세하고도 다양한 범위의 내용을 기록했으나, 집필의 의무가 없었던 崔斗燦의 텍스트에는 감정의 표출의 기록과 詩 歌가 빈번하게 나타난다. This study analyzed two authors`` experience in Shandong, represented by their works『漂海錄』 by 崔溥 and『乘蹉錄』by 崔斗燦, according to the era they lived in. The Tang and Yuan dynasties of China had open international policies and accepted many students studying abroad from foreign regions. The establishment of Ming dynasty and adoption of isolationist policy, however, led to abolishment of foreign students. Thus, scholars of Chosun had few opportunities to have experience in China, and resorted to learning about the country through books. In Ming/Qin dynasties, official ambassadors sent from Chosun left records of China, but their access as ambassadors prohibited travel south of Beijing. Therefore, records describing regions outside Beijing are sparse. Yet, unofficial 漂流人 were able to access regions south of Beijing and make records, the most representative of which are works by 崔溥 and 崔斗燦. These authors were able to experience regions outside Beijing as drifters, and 『漂海錄』and 『乘 蹉錄』, which depict their experiences, have significance as important primary sources for research. 崔溥, an official from Seong-Jong``s rule, encountered a typhoon in the seas near Jeju and became a drifter. 崔斗燦, who left for Jeju bythe request of his father in law 金仁澤 - a governor of DaeJung in Jeju, also encountered a big typhoon on his return journey and became a drifter. 崔溥 grounded on Chinese shore in 1486, 17th yearofSeong-Jong``srule,and崔斗燦 grounded 300 years later on 1818, 18th year of Sun-Jo``s rule. While Chosun dynasty had endured through both periods, China had experienced a transition into a completely different dynasty. Thus the experience of living in a different era and rule, even though the physical geography remained the same, had to be changed significantly. With the works, many similarities and differences can be found between the two eras in a range of topics such as national economy and civilian living standards. While崔溥, as an official from Chosun, received royal command to record his experience in 『漂海錄』, 崔斗燦 recorded 『乘 蹉錄』at his own leisure. This contextual difference of the two records contributed to differences in their content: 『漂海錄』covers a wide range of topics in meticulous detail, but 『乘蹉錄』, in which the author had no obligations, often contains records of emotional expressions and 詩歌.

모더니즘 建築物의 意匠的 特性에 關한 硏究

宣時永 건국대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

건축은 건축가가 창작한 형태로 구체적인 실체로서 존재하기 때문에 시각으로써 인간에게 인식되어지므로 건축은 하나의 시각언어로 간주된다. 시각언어는 인간의 시지각을 통해 영상화되어 인간의 내적감응 상태를 유발시키며 인간은 내적감정을 외부로 표출하고자 하는 본능적 욕구를 지니고 있으므로 감응 상태는 곧 언어로서 표출된다. 결국 건축물은 인간의 시각적 경험과 판단에 의한 표현언어로 평가될 수 있으며, 이러한 표현언어는 건축의장 계획시 건축가의 의도에 따른 일반인의 반응을 파악하는 척도가 될 수 있으며, 이는 곧 건축의장 평가의 수단으로써 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 본 연구는 모더니즘 건축의 의장적 맥락을 언어학적 접근방식을 통해 규명한 것으로 먼저 이론적 고찰을 통해 모더니즘 건축의 특성을 평가할 수 있는 형용사 어휘들을 추출하구 그것을 토대로 사조별 모더니즘 건축물의 형태적 특성을 비교 분석 하므로서 모더니즘 건축물 형태의 올바른 이해를 위한 기초자료를 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 또하 본 연구는 설문조사 연구로서 평가대상은 9개의 모더니즘 건축물 평가자는 건축물 의장평가에 예비지식을 가진 건축공학과 학생으로 하였으며, 조사된 자료는 빈도, 백분율, 변량분석, 인자분석을 통해 분석하였다. 구체적인 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 모더니즘 건축물의 전반적인 의장적 특성은 크게 형태적 인자, 심미적 인자, 규모적 인자, 등의 3가지 표현언어들로 평가할 수 있으며 이중에서 형태적 인자가 가장 대표적인 평가언어이다. 2) 모더니즘 건축물 사조별로 레이트, 포스트, 네오 모더니즘 건축의 형태적 인자 및 심미적 인자로 평가되는 특성은 차이가 있으나, 규모적 인자의 특성은 차이가 없다. 3) 레이트 모더니즘 건축물은 질서정연하고, 반복적이며, 대칭성과 균일감, 안정감과 통일감, 균형감 등 전반적으로 안정된 느낌을 주는 형태적 특성과 두드러지고 거대하며 강하고 공격적인 느낌의 규모적 특성이 비교적 강하며, 또한 심미적 특성에서는 아름답거나 부드러운 느낌을 주지않는 반면 조화롭고 멋이 있으며 경쾌한 느낌을 준다. 4) 포스트 모더니즘 건축물은 전반적으로 안정된 형태로 인식되며, 특히 질서정연하고 안정감, 대칭성과 반복성, 균형적인 느낌을 주는 형태적 특성이 강하며, 심미적 특성에 있어서는 딱딱하고 단조로우며, 비율동적이고 중엄한 느낌을 가지는 반면, 조화롭고 화려하며, 아름답고 아기자기한 느낌을 강하게 가진다. 또한 규모적 특성은 강하고 거대하며 공격적인 느낌을 가진다. 5) 네오 모더니즘 건축물은 형태적 특성에 있어서 전반적으로 불안전하게 인식되며, 심미적 특성에 있어서는 아기자기하고 멋이 있으며 변화감과 율동적인 느낌을 가진다. 또한 규모적 특성은 공격적이고 대조적이며,두드러진 느낌을 준다. 이상의 연구결과는 9개의 대상 건축물을 제한적 표현언어들로 평가한 것으로 결과의 확대해석에 신중을 기해야 할 것이며, 아울러 앞으로 보다 포괄적인 모더니즘 건축물과 표현어휘들을 이용한 체계적인 연구진행이 요구된다. Architecture is recognized as one of the visual language because architecture is perceived visually by existing as concrete forms created by architects. Visual language can be visualized by person's perception and stimulated person's internal response. person expresces his /her internal response with languages because person has instinct desire to express him / herself externally. Therefore, Aarchitecture can be evaluated with expressive languages created by person's visual experience and judgement. These languages can be the scale to measure public response on architet's intention in architectural design. This study is to research in design factor of modern style buildings through linguistic approach method. The purpose of this study is to suggest the basic data to enhance understanding of architectural forms in Modernism by selecting rhetoric vocabularies to evaluate its characteristics of modern architecture through theoretical research and carring comparative analysis on formal characteristics by 'ism'. The study was conducted by questionaires on nine distinguished modern style buildings -three buildings on each styles of Late, Post and selected data were analyzed through froquency, percentage, means, standard deviation, analysis of variance, and factor analysis. The results of this study were as followings ; 1) Formal characteristics on modern style building can be evaluated by three expressive languages which are formal factors, aesthetic factors, and scale factors. Among them, formal factors is regarded as the most influenced language in evaluating modern style buildings. 2) There is notable difference in formal and aesthetic factors on each styles of modern style building, but no difference in scale factors. 3) Late Modernism Architecture provides stable, united and balanced feeling in formal characteristics, strong, and aggressive feeling in scale factors, and harmonious, tasteful and delight feeling rather than beautiful and soft feeling in aesthetic characteristics. 4) Post -Modernism buildings provide ordered, stable, symmetric repetitive and balanced feeling in formal characteristics, and hard, monotonous, unrythmical and heavy feeling in aesthetic characteristics. 5) Neo-Modernism buildings are not distinguishable in formal and scale characteristics, but provide tasteful, various and rythmical feeling in aesthetic characteristics Above results of the study are outputs of the evaluation on 9 selected buildings as subjects with limited expressive languages. However, extensive interpretation on results should be carried carefully. Further research should be done systematically on extensive subjects and expressive vocabularies.

馬蹄鐵腎의 一例

金弘善,金武剛,趙聲煥,柳時潤 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1983 충남의대잡지 Vol.10 No.2

A case of horseshoe kidney which was found during dissection of cadaver was reported with a brief review of literatures. The main findings were as follows; 1. This horseshoe kidney was supplied by the 4 renal arteries were obtained from the aorta and 1 renal artery was originated from the common iliac artery. 2. The pelvis of the horseshoe kidney were placed anteriorly and the ureters were passed anteriolateral surface to the renal isthmus. 3. In the horseshoe kidney, the renal stone was not observed and the isthmus was consisted of the renal parenchyma.

노인자원봉사 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

김시중,김선종 우송대학교 부설 산업연구원 1999 산업연구 Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study is to promote the current tends of the volunteerism for the aged in korea. It is suggested that the promotion of volunteerism for the senior needs action plans as follows: 1. Persuasion for the senior to join a volunteer service. 2. Establishment and Management of the responsible organization for the promotion of volunteerism of senior. 3. Development of a detail action program for the aged service. 4. Improvement of the social Support System for the promotion of volunteerism for the senior. 5. Establishment for the Senior Service Society of Korea.

5-Fluorouracil이 생쥐소장점막의 위축에 미치는 영향에 대한 형태계측학적 관찰

김홍선,류시윤 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1985 충남의대잡지 Vol.12 No.1

This experiment was carried out to observe the effect of 5-fluorouracil on the mucosa of small intestine in mice. Adult mice received 40-200mg/kg 5-fluorouracil by the intraperitonial injection and the subsequent morphological effects on the ileum at three, six, twelve, and twenty-four hours after single injection and at twenty-four hours after injection for three days were evaluated using morphometry and light microscope. 1. By six hours after injection the reductions in area occupied by the mucosa per unit length of histological section in proportion to a dose were marked difference as 39.78%, 51.42% repectively but after twelve hours showed no significant difference. 2. The average area occupied by the villus including the core of lamina propria by twelve hours in the received 40mg/kg were gradually reduced, a reduction amount 27.62% and at twenty-four hours were maximal reduced, 48.36% and in the received 200mg/kg, from three hours the reduction were marked except at twelve hours. 3. In the average height of the villus, a similar decrease tendency as the average area occupied by the villus was observed. 4. The reduction of the area occupied by the villus and the height of the villus was related to a dose but not proportion to the times of injection. Evidence from the above results has indicated that the rapid atrophy of the intestinal mucosa were caused to the mainly crypts by twelve hours after injection and the villi as well as the crypts at twenty-four hours.

2.5% Pentothal sodium 전처치가 Propofol 정주시 발생되는 통증에 미치는 효과

옥시영,김순임,김선종 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3

Background: propofol has a high incidence of pain with intravenous injection, and many different methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of this pain. In this study, we have compared the effect of saline pretreatment with that of 2.5% pentothal 50 mg pretreatment of propofol injection pain. Methods: Sixty two patients scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. each patient received one of the pretreatment drugs via 18 g angiocatheter inserted in the antecubital fossa. Control group (n=31)received 2 ml of 0.9% saline pretreatment, 2.5% pentothal group (n=31) received 50 mg of pentothal pretreatment followed intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg of propofol at a rate of 1 ml/sec. After 50 mg of propofol were injected, patients were assessed for pain score. The severity of pain was classified as 0, 1, 2, 3 (none, mild, moderate, severe) by one observer. Results: The severity of pain were significantly reduced in 2.5% pentothal group compared with ontrol group for intravenous injection fo propofol (p<0.05) but incidence is similar. Conclusions: 2.5% pentothal 2 ml (50 mg) pretreatment could significantly reduce the sever the severity of pain for intravenous injection of propofol.