http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Morbidity patterns among the welders of eastern Nepal
Shyam Sundar Budhathoki,Suman Bahadur Singh,Surya Raj Niraula,Paras K. Pokharel 대한직업환경의학회 2016 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.28 No.-
Background: Welding process has many hazards that the welders are exposed to resulting in numbers of health effects and diseases. Safety measures and practices among welders are important ways of preventing or reducing the health hazards associated with this occupation. We conducted this study to find out the morbidity patterns among the welders working in eastern Nepal. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 300 welders using semi structured questionnaire. Morbidity categories were classified based on symptoms experienced in past 6 months. Results: All the welders learned welding by apprenticeship, without any formal health and safety training. Injury was the most common problem at work followed by skin problems and eye symptoms. Age of the welders, duration of employment & welding hours per day were associated with the morbidities among the welders. Conclusions: There is a need for occupational health services for welders in Nepal. While further research may be required to make policy recommendations, the current study provides a baseline morbidity burden among these welders to look for interventions to promote health and safety at work for this neglected group of workers in Nepal.
Sundar, S. Shyam,Bellur, Saraswathi,Oh, Jeeyun,Jia, Haiyan,Kim, Hyang-Sook SAGE Publications 2016 COMMUNICATION RESEARCH - Vol.43 No.5
<P>A critical determinant of message interactivity is the presence of contingency, that is, the messages we receive are contingent upon the messages we send, leading to a threaded loop of interdependent messages. While this “conversational ideal” is easily achieved in face-to-face and computer-mediated communications (CMC), imbuing contingency in human-computer interaction (HCI) is a challenge. We propose two interface features—interaction history and synchronous chat—for increasing perceptions of contingency, and therefore user engagement. We test it with a five-condition, between-participants experiment (<I>N</I> = 110) on a movie search site. Data suggest that interaction history can indeed heighten perceptions of contingency and dialogue, but is perceived as less interactive than chatting. However, the chat function does not appreciably increase perceived contingency or user engagement, both of which are shown to mediate the effects of message interactivity on attitudes toward the site. Theoretical implications for interactivity research and practical implications for interaction design are discussed.</P>
Santra, Shyam Sundar Department of Mathematics 2019 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.59 No.1
In this work, we give necessary and sufficient conditions under which every solution of a class of first-order neutral differential equations of the form $$(x(t)+p(t)x({\tau}(t)))^{\prime}+q(t)Hx({\sigma}(t)))=0$$ either oscillates or converges to zero as $t{\rightarrow}{\infty}$ for various ranges of the neutral coefficient p. Our main tools are the Knaster-Tarski fixed point theorem and the Banach's contraction mapping principle.
Parajuly, Shyam Sundar,Lan, Peng Yu,Yun, Ma Bu,Gang, Yang Zhi,Hua, Zhuang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4
Aim: To evaluate the differential diagnostic potential of lesion stiffness assessed by the sonoelastographic strain index ratio (SR) and elastographic color scoring system (UE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and forty two breast masses (158 benign and 184 malignant) from 325 consecutive patients (mean age 44.2 years; range 16-81)who had been scheduled for a sonographically guided core biopsy were examined proposed by Itoh et al, with scoring 1-3=benign and 4-5=malignant. Strain and area ratios of each lesion were calculated within the same machine. Histological diagnosis was used as the reference standard. The area under the curve (AUC) and cut-off point were obtained by receiver operating curve and the cross table Fischer Test was carried out for assessing diagnostic value. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and false-discovery rates were compared. Results: The mean strain ratios for benign and malignant lesions were 1.87 and 7.9 respectively. (P<0.0001). When a cutoff point of 3.54 was used, SR had a sensitivity of 94.6%, a specificity 94.3%, a PPV of 95.1%, an NPV of 93.7% and an accuracy of 94.4%. The AUC values were 0.90 for the 5 point scoring system (UE) and 0.96 for the strain index ratio. The overall diagnostic performance was SR method was better (P<0.05). Conclusions: Strain ratio measurement could be another effective predictor in elastography imaging besides 5 the point scoring system for differential diagnosis of breast lesions.
Labour Law Reform and Flexibility In India and China
K. R. Shyam Sundar,C. S. Venkata Ratnam 한국고용노사관계학회 2008 産業關係硏究 Vol.18 No.2
India and China, the two fast growing economies in recent times, offer interesting comparative picture on labour flexibility and labour reforms. The paper seeks to (a) narrate the nature of labour market and industrial relations system (IRS), (b) review labour reform debate, (c) identify the nature and extent of rigidities in labour market and IRS, (d) describe and analyze the labour reform strategies, and (e) compare the reform experiences and draws policy lessons. The labour market and IRS in pre-reform period in both were characterized by rigidities in varying degrees. Labour reforms to introduce flexibility in the system were needed in both. The similarities end here. There exist radical differences in the extent of rigidities in labour market, nature of IRS, the reform strategies, the political management of reforms and their impact between the two. The differences are sought to be explained using political and institutional factors.
Lights, Camera, Music, Interaction! Interactive Persuasion in E-commerce
Xu, Qian,Sundar, S. Shyam SAGE Publications 2014 COMMUNICATION RESEARCH - Vol.41 No.2
<P>Heightened interactivity and excitement characterize much of our online browsing, especially when it involves shopping on e-commerce websites. Interactivity is said to affect users’ engagement with the website by expanding their perceptual bandwidth (Sundar, 2007), much like the effect of optimal physiological arousal on cognitive functioning (Kahneman, 1973). We examine the direct and combinatory effects of interactivity and arousal on consumers’ engagement, attitudes, and behavioral intentions in an e-commerce website through a 3 (interactivity: low, medium, high) × 3 (arousal: control, low, high) between-participants experiment (<I>N</I> = 186). Higher levels of interactivity were found to generate more favorable attitudes and behavioral intentions toward both the website and the product. Interactivity and arousal differed in their effects on various aspects of website engagement. The study also identified several mediators explicating the theoretical mechanism underlying the influence of interactivity on purchase likelihood.</P>
Multi-criteria Decision Making Using Genetic Algorithmic Approach in Computer Simulation Models
Chandrashekhar Meshram,Shyam Sundar Agrawal 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.6
In this paper, we described a genetic algorithm that allows finding the optimal configuration for a stochastic discrete events simulator when multiple performance measures have to be considered simultaneously. This type of algorithmic approach provide particularly interesting when the decision making authority is shared by multiple decision makers with conflicting priorities. The optimal solutions found with this algorithm typically represent a middle ground solution that may be acceptable to all the involved parties. The multi-criteria approach relies on an interval based variant of the Promethee method, which is combined with a feasibility score to obtain the ranking of the chromosomes within a certain generation of the genetic algorithm.
Can online buddies and bandwagon cues enhance user participation in online health communities?
Kim, H.S.,Shyam Sundar, S. Pergamon 2014 Computers in Human Behavior Vol.37 No.-
Individuals are more likely to obtain information and support from online health communities than offer help to other users (Fox & Jones, 2009; Preece, Nonnecke, & Andrews, 2004). The current study attempts to resolve this problem of under-contribution by proposing two theory-based persuasive strategies-a specific request in the form of an online buddy and collective community feedback in the form of bandwagon cues. A 2 (online buddy: absence vs. presence) by 2 (bandwagon cues: weak vs. strong) between-participants experiment tested the effects of these strategies on psychological outcomes, including perceived responsibility, social presence, sense of community, and perceived helpfulness, as well as their posting attitudes, posting intentions, and website attitudes, across two sessions. Contrary to expectations, we found that the assignment of online buddies in a health community forum leads to negative psychological and behavioral consequences, especially in the absence of strong community feedback. Furthermore, the online buddy feature interacts with bandwagon cues to activate different cognitive processes, leading to differential interpretation of the meanings of those bandwagon cues-either as compliments (in the presence of online buddy) or as unreliable feedback (in the absence of online buddy). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.