Synthesis of Titanium Carbide by Thermo-Chemical Methods with TiH2 and Carbon Black Powders

( In Shup Ahn ),( Tek Kyoung Sung ),( Sung Yeal Bae ),( Ho Jung Cho ),( Dong Kyu Park ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2006 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.12 No.3

A new synthesizing method for producing submicron TiC powders was studied by using TiH2 and carbon black powders. It is well known that hydrogen absorption transforms titanium from metal (h.c.p.) to brittle hydride (f.c.c.) powders by ball-milling. This research focused on obtaining submicron-sized TiC powders from the ball-milled mixture of TiH2 and carbon black by thermal treatment. The hydrogen, carbon, iron, and oxygen composition changes in the mixed powders were analyzed. Thereafter, a differential thermal analysis (DTA) test was performed to observe change of phase with ball-milling time. The TiC powders were obtained by heat treating the powders milled for 5 h at various temperatures (600-1200℃). The phase microstructure was investigated via DTA, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mixture milled for 2 h had an f.c.t. structure containing 66.73 at.%H transformed to f.c.c. by milling for 4 h. After 5h of ball-milling, submicron-sized particles of 273 nm were obtained. At the isothermal heat-treating temperature of 500℃, the Ti single phase was formed completely, and the TiC phase of lattice parameter 0.310 nm was completely formed over the temperature of 1000℃.

Importance of Differential Diagnosis of a Possible Brain Tumor in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathy

Jin-Shup So,Young-Jin Kim,Sang-Koo Lee,Chun-Sung Cho 대한신경외과학회 2022 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.65 No.1

Lesions occurring simultaneously in the somatosensory or motor cortex of the brain and the cervical spine are rare. Brain tumors can cause similar symptoms to cervical lesions which can lead to confusion in treatment priorities. Moreover, if cervical disease is noticeably observed in radiologic findings of a patient complaining of cervical radiculopathy with non-specific electromyography results, it is common to no longer perform further evaluation. Here we introduce two cases where the cause of cervical radiculopathy was first considered to be the result of a degenerative cervical disease but was later discovered to be a result of a brain tumor.

Authors' Reply to Letter to the Editor: Commentary on White Cord Syndrome: A Reperfusion Injury Following Spinal Decompression Surgery (Korean J Neurotrauma 2022;18:e36)

Jin-Shup So,Young Jin Kim,Jaewoo Chung 대한신경손상학회 2022 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.18 No.2

We would like to thank you and Korean Journal of Neurotrauma (KJNT) for the opportunity to respond to the issues raised by Dr. Lee’s letter and for allowing us to make precise clarifications regarding diagnostic criteria of our presented case involving white cord syndrome (WCS).

White Cord Syndrome: A Reperfusion Injury Following Spinal Decompression Surgery

Jin-Shup So,Young-Jin Kim,Jaewoo Chung 대한신경손상학회 2022 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.18 No.2

Reperfusion injury of the spinal cord has been scarcely reported. Herein, we present a case of white cord syndrome after spinal decompression. A 61-year-old male, who initially had ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament at C3-6 level, was admitted to our hospital with a ruptured disc at the C6-7 level. The patient experienced radiating pain in both upper extremities. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion was performed. However, the patient developed quadriplegia. Emergency magnetic resonance imaging revealed a new and enlarged signal change in the spinal cord at the C4-7 level. Additional posterior decompression surgery was performed. After intense rehabilitation, the patient’s motor function improved to grade 4. White cord syndrome is likely due to reperfusion injury following operative decompression of a compressed spinal cord segment. Although rare, spine surgeons should be aware of this complication and warn patients preoperatively.

The Effects of the Particle Size and Active Materials on the Discharge Properties of the Li/Fe(X)S2 Electrode

In Shup Ahn,Dong Woong Kim,Deuk Kyun Kang,Dong Kyu Park 대한금속재료학회 2008 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.14 No.1

치우천왕과 운사 헌원 사이의 관계 (2) -역사의 맞수인 『삼국유사』 『고기』 대 『사기』 「오제본기」 그리고 『삼성기전하』 「밀기」-

박병섭 ( Byoung Shup Park ) 국제뇌교육종합대학원 국학연구원 2012 선도문화 Vol.12 No.-

텍스트로서 『삼국유사』 『고기』와 『사기』 「오제본기」 그리고 『환단고기』를 분석하였다. 텍스트 『삼국유사』 『고기』는 부재하는(알튀세르) 조선족을 창조한 저작으로 분석했고, 텍스트 『사기』 「오제본기」는 부재하는 한족을 창조한 저작으로 분석했다. 텍스트 『삼국유사』 『고기』는 환웅천왕과 그 신하 운사를 주장하고, 텍스트 『사기』 「오제본기」는 공손, 헌원, 운사, 황제가 치우를 잡아 죽였다고 한다. 『환단고기』 『삼성기전 하』는 치우가 18 환웅들 중의 한명이라 주장하며 공손, 헌원이 그의 신하라 주장한다. 『삼국유사』 『고기』는 환웅과 그의 세 신하 풍백, 우사 그리고 운사를 주장한다. 이것은 텍스트 『환단고기』 중 『삼성기전 하』 『밀기』 부분이 옳다 [진서]는 것을 보여주는 사례의 하나이다. 조선족 전승 텍스트로는 『삼국유사』 『고기』, 『환단고기』의 『삼성기전 하』, 『태백일사』의 여섯가지 상이한 전승, 그리고 『규원사화』의 「태시기(太始記)」네 가지를 살펴보고, 한족전승 텍스트로는 『사기』 「오제본기」, 『춘추좌전』 「소공17년조」, 『산해경』 『대황경』 세 개를 살펴보면, 조선족 전승에서 고구려-발해시대의 ``치우와 그 신하 운사 헌원 사이의 관계``로부터 조선 숙종시대의 ``치우와 그 하위의 경쟁자 헌원 사이의 관계``까지로 전승변천과정을 파악할 수 있고, 한족측 전승에서 『사기』 「오제본기」의 이후 『춘추좌전』 「소공 17년조」와 『산해경』 『대황경』의 내용이 변형되는 과정을 추정할 수 있다. 결론적으로 환단삼서 중에서는 『환단고기』 『삼성기전 하편』의 ``치우 환웅과 그 신하 운사 황제 관계설``이 『태백일사』 「신시본기」와 『규원사화』 「태시기」의 사족을 추가한 기록보다 믿음직스럽고, 황제관련 기록 중에서는 『오제본기』 「오제본기」, 『춘추좌전』 「소공17년조」, 『산해경』 『대황경』 중에서 『춘추좌전』 「소공 17년조」의 황제, 운사설이 가장 믿음직스럽다. I analyze Gogi (古記) in SamgukYusa (三國遺事), Five King Stories in Sagi (史記), and Samseonggi in Hwandan Gogi, as texts. The text of Gogi in SamgukYusa has created the original Korean (Gojoseon) nation myth from an absented ethic-nation, while the text of Five King Stories in Sagi has created the original Chinese (Han) nation myth from an absented ethic-nation. The text of Five King Stories in Sagi, said that Gongson, Heonwon, Hwangje (Huangdi = Yellow King) was the master of clouds, the Yellow King in the world, because of earth`s virtue, and arrested Chiwoo and killed him, while Gogi said that the Lord of Heaven, Hwanwoong (the title of the Lords of Heaven), was the first great Heaven King (Cheonwang) in the world, and made the three great god-masters followers of winds, rains, and clouds. Samseonggi in HwandanGogi argued that Chiwoo was one person among 18 Hwanwoongs (the title of the Lords of Heaven), and he had Gongson, Heonwon (Yellow Emperor) as a follower. Gogi in SamgukYusa argued that the Hwanwoong (the title of the Lord of Heaven) had three followers: the great god-masters of winds, rains, and clouds. There is the case as a evidence to support that the information in Milgi in Samseonggi in HwandanGogi is true. If we have read Gogi in SamgukYusa, Samseonggi, and Taebaek Ilsa`s six stories in Hwandan Gogi,,Taesigi in Gyuwon Sahwa of Korean histories, and Five King Stories in Sagi, the book of Spring and Autumn, and San Hae Gyeong of Chinese histories, we have found change in the relation between Chiwoo and Gongson, Heonwon (Yellow Emperor), from Gongson, Heonwon as follower, to Gongson, Heonwon as rival. In conclusion, we could support Samseonggi and Taebaek Ilsa`s six stories in Hwandan Gogi,, Taesigi in Gyuwon Sahwa with regard to the relation between Chiwoo and Gongson, Heonwon (Yellow Emperor), among the three kinds of books on Hwan-Dan. We could support the book of Spring and Autumn among Five King Stories in Sagi, and San Hae Gyeong on their data on Gongson, great god-masters of winds, rains, and clouds, Heonwon (Yellow Emperor).

호텔 객실료(客室料) 설정(設定)에 관한 연구(硏究)

임진섭 ( Chin Shup Lim ) 慶熙大學校 社會科學硏究院 1981 社會科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

연구논문 : 한국전통철학과 경전개념구조 컴퓨터전산 파악법 -성리학의 『근사록』「도체편」 분석을 중심으로-

박병섭 ( Byoung Shup Park ) 한국동서철학회 2010 동서철학연구 Vol.56 No.-

검군의 중첩 고차선과 최초의 한국고유윤리학자

박병섭 ( Byoung-shup Park ) 한국윤리학회 2014 윤리학 Vol.6 No.1

검군은 화랑 근랑의 낭도이다. 화랑은 엘리트 청년 집단이자, 선인의 후예다. 선인은 단군, 아담, 달라이 라마, 쉴룩의 뉘캉처럼 장생 수련법을 익힌 사람이다. 해모수왕은 3명의 해모수 왕으로 장생법을 보여준다. 이 장생법은 이후 고구려, 백제, 신라, 가야의 신선을 이해하는 공통기반이다. 검군은 화랑의 후예로 선인의 윤리를 따른다. 신선들의 윤리적 개념들은 『선사(仙史)』로 전승됐고, 고차선 개념은 화랑들의 풍류도로 전승됐다. 풍류도는 중첩 고차선의 개념으로, 공자 충효덕목, 노자 무위묵행덕목, 석가 선악덕목과 중첩된다. 검군은 화랑의 후예로 이 세 덕목을 동시 실천하고, 선인의 윤리를 따른다. 검군은 화랑 근랑의 도로서 (1) 국가 창고 곡식 횡령에 가담할 수 없고, (2) 동료를 신고할 수 없고, (3) 자신이 옳으니 도망치지도 못하여, 횡령한 동료가 주는 독술을 알고도 마시고 죽는다. 고대 한국 이상사회는 부모자녀 4부 군서(群庶)의 대동사회였다. 검군은 4부 군서 사회의 의무에 어긋나는 행위를 할 수 없었다. 검군은 풍류도에 입각한 중첩 최고선을 하나라도 포기하는 이승을 선택하는 것보다 저승을 수용한 것이다. 그리스 소크라테스가 윤리학자가 될 수 있다면 검군도 최초의 한국 고유윤리학자가 될 수 있다. Geomgun is a disciple of “Hwarang”[Flower Boys] Geunrang. The “Hwarangs” were elite groups of youth in Silla, an ancient Korean kingdom, and are a successor of ancient Korean Taoism called “Sunnin”. The ‘Sunnuns’ are practitioners who practiced ‘Jangsaeng’ [Jangsaeng means living long life] like Dangun, Adam, Dalai Lama, and Nyikang. King Haemosus showed ‘Jangsaeng’ method by having his successor inheriting his name and soul(The immortality of the soul). After the ‘Jangsaeng’ method of Hamosus, it became a com m on ground for the shinsun’s (people who studies ‘Jangsaeng’ method) of the ancient Korean kingdom s of Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla and Gaya confederacy. The ethical concepts of long life humen has been transmitted to Korean ancestors by History of Immortal humen 仙史. This ethical concept hypergoods in Korean ancestors have succeed Hwarang’s Poongrydo. Poongryudo has overlapping hypergoods concept. The concepts of hypergoods in Poongryudo overlapped of three main virtues in ancient Korea. The life of Geomgun can only be properly understood when you judge his actions by the virtues of ethics of Hwarangs and their followers. The virtues of Hwarang called “Poongryudo” consists three main virtues: The virtues of loyalty and filial piety from Confucius, the virtues of doing natural conducts without com plaints by Lao Tzu, and the virtue of good and bad by Gautama Buddha. The Geomgun’s virtue of ethics consists of hypergoods overlapped with those three virtues. Geomgun as a follower of Hwarang follows the morality of the good. (1) Geomgun could not bring him self to join his companions and steal the governments’ food. (2) He also could not call the police on his companions because of pity. (3) He could not run away because of his sense of justice. In the end he died drinking the poison from his fellow companions although he already knew that they were trying to kill him. The ideal society, in ancient Korea, was founded as a Great Harmony family society, consisting of father-m other-son-daughter groups. Geomgum could not go against the obligations of four groups even though the four groups were already collapsed. Geomgun rather drink poisoned wine and be killed than giving up his three virtues. Geomgun rather choose after life [hell] and keep his virtues than live in this world while losing his virtues as hypergoods. Geomgun tried to execute overlapping hypergoods and got an ethical death. If Socrates can become an first ethicist, then Geomgun can become first original Korean ethicist.

당뇨병 환자에서 Tc - 99m - DISIDA Scintigraphy 를 이용한 담낭의 기능분석

황인섭(In shup Hwang),류광현(Kwang Hyun Rhu),김홍남(Hong Nam Kim),노영호(Young Ho Rho),한신(Sin Han),김윤권(Youn Kwon Kim),김소연(So Yon Kim),조민구(Min Koo Cho),이권전(Gwon Jun Lee) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.4

N/A Objectives : Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of long standing diabetes mellitus and is well known to induce the motor dysfunction of cardiovascular system, genitourinary system and digestive system. Although many studies have done to evaluate the diabetic autonomic neuropathy, gallbladder motor function and biliary dynamic study to evaluate the change of gallbladder function in diabetic patients is relatively rare. This study was performed to measure the gallbladder ejection fraction using Tc- 99m-DISIDA with fatty meal in order to evaluate the gallbladder motor function in diabetic patients and to examine the usefulness of it in analyzing diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Methods : 51 diabetic patients(males 31, females 18, mean age 57yr(36-77yr)) and 1H control subjects(males 14, females 4, mean aged 47yr(31-70yr)) without gallstone and impaired liver function were enrolled in our study. Also the diabetic patients were categorized by age, disease duration, body weight and diabetic complications such as retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy accompanying with or not. Results : 1) Median value and interquartile range of gallbladder ejection fraction(%) were 66%(48-79%) in diabetic patients group and 75%(64-80%) in control subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups, but the mean value of diabetic patients was slightly lower than that of control subjects. 2) There was no significant difference between the two groups in mean value of gallbladder ejection fraction in every age group(P>0.05). 3) Median value of gallbladder ejection fraction in diabetic groups with less than 10 years of duration (both under 5 years and 5 to 10 years groups) was similar to that of control subjects. However in patients whose diabetic conditions last more than 10 years, the median range of gallbladder ejection fraction was significantly lower than that of control subjects(P<0.05). 4) Median range of gallbladder ejection fraction in obese diabetic patients group was significant lower than those of control subjects and non- obese diabetic patients(p<O.C6). 5) Median value of gallbadder was lower in diabetic patients group with complications like retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (p<0.05) in comparison with those of control subjects and diabetic patients group without diabetic complication (p>0.05). Also seven diabetic patients whose gallhladder ejection fraction was reduced under,35% have had at least two diabetic complications. Conclusion : We observed that gallbladder ejection fraction of diabetic patients was reduced compared with that of control subjects. This is due to the reduced gallbladder muscle contractility resulting from diabetic autonomic dysfunction. These results suggest that the assessment of gallbladder ejection fraction using 99m- Tc-DISIDA would be useful to diagnose diabetic autonomic neropathy.