Effects of (1R,9S)-ß-Hydrastine Hydrochloride on Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells

Shou Yo Yin, Jae Joon Lee, Yu Mi Kim, Chun Mei Jin, Yoo Jung Yang, Myung Koo Lee 충북대학교 약품자원개발연구소 2005 약학논문집 Vol.20 No.-

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Inhibitory Effects of (1R,9S)-β-Hydrastine on Calcium Transport in PC12 Cells

Shou Yu Yin,Chun Mei Jin,Yoo Jung Yang,Sung Cil Lim,이종길,황방연,Jai Seup Ro,이명구 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.1

(1R,9S)-β-Hydrastine (BHS), at 100 μM, has been shown to mainly reduce the K+-induced dopamine release and Ca2+ influx by blocking the L-type Ca2+ channel and inhibit the caffeine activated store-operated Ca2+ channels, but not those activated by thapsigargin, in PC12 cells. In this study, the effects of BHS on Ca2+ transport from Ca2+ stores in the absence of external Ca2+ were investigated in PC12 cells. BHS decreased the basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the absence of external Ca2+ in PC12 cells. In the absence of external Ca2+, pretreating PC12 cells with 100 μM BHS reduced the rapid increase in the [Ca2+]i elicited by 20 mM caffeine, but not that by 1 μM thapsigargin. In addition, BHS inhibited the increase in the [Ca2+]i elicited by restoration of 2 mM CaCl2 after the Ca2+ stores had been depleted by 20 mM caffeine, but not those depleted by 1 μM thapsigargin, in the absence of external Ca2+. These results suggested that BHS mainly inhibited Ca2+ leakage from the Ca2+ stores and the caffeine- stimulated release of Ca2+ from the caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ stores in PC12 cells.

Effects of (1R,9S)-β-Hydrastine Hydrochloride on L-DOPA-Induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells

Shou Yu Yin,Jae Joon Lee,Yu Mi Kim,Chun Mei Jin,Yoo Jung Yang,Myung Koo Lee 한국생약학회 2004 Natural Product Sciences Vol.10 No.3

Previously, (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride has been found to lower dopamine content in PC12 cells (Kim et al., 20001). In this study, the effects of (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride on L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells were investigated. Treatment with (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride at concentrations higher than 500 mM caused cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. In addition, (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride at non-cytotoxic or cytotoxic concentrations significantly enhanced L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity (L-DOPA concentration, 50 μM). Treatment of PC12 cells with 750 μM 1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride and 50 μM L-DOPA, alone or in combination, also induced cell death via a mechanism which exhibited morphological and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis, including chromatin condensation and membrane blebbing. Exposure of PC12 cells to (1R,9S)-b- hydrastine hydrochloride, L-DOPA and (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride plus L-DOPA for 48 h resulted in a marked increase in the cell loss and percentage of apoptotic cells compared with exposure for 24 h. These data indicate that (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride at higher concentration ranges aggravates L-DOPA-induced neurotoxicity cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Therefore, it is proposed that the long-term L-DOPA therapeutic patients with (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride could be checked for the adverse symptoms.

Inhibition of Tyrosine Hydroxylase by (1R,9S)-β-Hydrastine Hydrochloride in PC12 Cells

Shou Yu Yin,Yu Mi Kim,Jae Joon Lee,Chun Mei Jin,Yoo Jung Yang,Kyo Whan Lim,Min Hee Kang,Myung Koo Lee 한국생약학회 2004 Natural Product Sciences Vol.10 No.3

It is reported that (1R,9S)-b-hydrastine hydrochloride (BHSH) decreased the intracellular dopamine content by inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in PC12 cells. In this study, the inhibitory mechanisms on TH activity by BHSH in PC12 cells were investigated. BHSH treatment caused a reduction of TH activity and TH mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. After the treatment of 20 mM BHSH, TH activity and TH mRNA content were reduced at 15 min, reached the minimal levels at 6-24 h, and then recovered gradually to the control level. BHSH at 10-50 mM caused a decrease in the basal intracellular cyclic AMP levels at 10 min in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, BHSH at 20-100 mM decreased the basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) immediately in a dose-dependent manner. BHSH also inhibited the 56 mM K+ depolarization-induced elevation in [Ca2+]i, and blocked caffeine-activated store-operated Ca2+ entry in PC12 cells. These data suggest that BHSH inhibits TH activity and TH gene expression, in part, through reducing cyclic AMP content and basal [Ca2+]i in PC12 cells.

Inhibition of L-DOPA-Induced Increase in Dopamine Content by (1R,9S)-β-Hydrastine Hydrochloride in PC12 Cells

Shou Yu Yin,Jae Joon Lee,Yu Mi Kim,Chun Mei Jin,Yoo Jung Yang,Min Hee Kang,Myung Koo Lee 한국생약학회 2004 Natural Product Sciences Vol.10 No.3

The effects of BHSH on L-DOPA-induced increase in dopamine content in PC12 cells were investigated. L-DOPA treatment at 20 or 50 mM increased dopamine content after both 24 and 48 h of incubation in PC12 cells. However, the co-treatments of BHSH (10-50 mM) with L-DOPA (20 or 50 mM) significantly inhibited the increase of dopamine content induced by L-DOPA. BHSH treatment at 10-50 mM significantly inhibited basal aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activity in a concentration-dependent manner at 15 min, and then AADC activity was rapidly recovered to the control level at about 2 h. These results indicate that the inhibition of AADC activity by BHSH was, in part, contributed to the early-stage decrease of dopamine content induced by LDOPA in PC12 cells. Taken together, it is proposed that the short-term inhibition of dopamine biosynthesis by BHSH was mediated by the regulation of tyrosine hydroxylace (TH).

Predictors and Dynamic Nomogram to Determine the Individual Risk of Malignant Brain Edema After Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Qian-mei Jiang,Shuai Yu,Xiaofeng Dong,Huai-shun Wang,Jie Hou,Zhi-chao Huang,Zhi-liang Guo,Shou-jiang You,Guo-dong Xiao 대한신경과학회 2022 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.18 No.3

Background and Purpose This study aimed to construct an optimal dynamic nomogram for predicting malignant brain edema (MBE) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients after endovascular thrombectomy (ET). Methods We enrolled AIS patients after ET from May 2017 to April 2021. MBE was defined as a midline shift of >5 mm at the septum pellucidum or pineal gland based on follow-up computed tomography within 5 days after ET. Multivariate logistic regression and LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression were used to construct the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decisioncurve analysis were used to compare our nomogram with two previous risk models for predicting brain edema after ET. Results MBE developed in 72 (21.9%) of the 329 eligible patients. Our dynamic web-based nomogram (https://successful.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/) consisted of five parameters: basal cistern effacement, postoperative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, brain atrophy, hypoattenuation area, and stroke etiology. The nomogram showed good discrimination ability, with a C-index (Harrell’s concordance index) of 0.925 (95% confidence interval=0.890–0.961), and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, p=0.386). All variables had variance inflation factors of <1.5 and tolerances of >0.7, suggesting no significant collinearity among them. The AUC of our nomogram (0.925) was superior to those of Xiang-liang Chen and colleagues (0.843) and Ming-yang Du and colleagues (0.728). Conclusions Our web-based dynamic nomogram reliably predicted the risk of MBE in AIS patients after ET, and hence is worthy of further evaluation.

Inhibitory Effects of $(1R,9S)-{\beta}-Hydrastine$ on Calcium Transport in PC12 Cells

Yin, Shou Yu,Jin, Chun-Mei,Yang, Yoo-Jung,Lim, Sung-Cil,Lee, Chong-Kil,Hwang, Bang-Yeon,Ro, Jai-Seup,Lee, Myung-Koo 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.1

[ $(1R,9S)-{\beta} ]-Hydrastine$ (BHS), at $100{\mu}M$, has been shown to mainly reduce the $K^+-induced$ dopamine release and $Ca^{2+}$ influx by blocking the L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel and inhibit the caffeine activated store-operated $Ca^{2+}$ channels, but not those activated by thapsigargin, in PC12 cells. In this study, the effects of BHS on $Ca^{2+}$ transport from $Ca^{2+}$ stores in the absence of external $Ca^{2+}$ were investigated in PC12 cells. BHS decreased the basal intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration $([Ca^{2+}]_i)$ in the absence of external $Ca^{2+}$ in PC12 cells. In the absence of external $Ca^{2+}$, pre-treating PC12 cells with $100{\mu}M$ BHS reduced the rapid increase in the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ elicited by 20mM caffeine, but not that by $1{\mu}M$ thapsigargin. In addition, BHS inhibited the increase in the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ elicited by restoration of 2mM $CaCl_2$ after the $Ca^{2+}$ stores had been depleted by 20mM caffeine, but not those depleted by $1{\mu}M$ thapsigargin, in the absence of external $Ca^{2+}$. These results suggested that BHS mainly inhibited $Ca^{2+}$ leakage from the $Ca^{2+}$ stores and the caffeine-stimulated release of $Ca^{2+}$ from the caffeine-sensitive $Ca^{2+}$ stores in PC12 cells.

Shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in leaf tissue of Pulsatilla tongkangensis Y.N. Lee & T.C. Lee

Zhao Xiao-mei,Lian Yu-ji,Jin Ze-lin,Zhang Xue-jie,Y Yan,Fan Shou-jin 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.4

Leaf material explants of Pulsatilla tongkangensis Y. N. Lee & T. C. Lee were used to regenerate plants of this endangered species by somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis from meristematic nodules, induced by MS medium supplemented with zeatin (Zn) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Globular structures were induced on the surface of the explants after 2 weeks and after 6–7 weeks of culture, multiple shoots developed from the nodules. Morpho-histological analysis of light green globular, heart-shaped structures resembling somatic embryos revealed, however, that these were organogenic, with strongly vacuolated parenchymatous cells surrounded by a single layer of epithermal cells, and tracheid elements, but no root pole. Milky-white callus also developed around the nodules after 4–6 weeks. Morpho-histological analysis of the globular, heart-, and torpedo-shaped stages of regenerants present in this callus confirmed the development of somatic embryos in the milky-white structures, characterized by deeply staining, small cells with rich cytoplasm, very little vascular tissue in the developing embryos, and no vascular connection with the surrounding callus. The highest rooting frequency (93.33%) was achieved on MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l NAA. Plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to pots. Our results provide a plant regeneration system with potential for germplasm conservation of endangered plants and the rapid propagation and molecular breeding of P. tongkangensis.

Generation and Immunity Testing of a Recombinant Adenovirus Expressing NcSRS2-NcGRA7 Fusion Protein of Bovine Neospora caninum

Li-Jun Jia,Shou-Fa Zhang,Nian-Chao Qian,Xue-Nan Xuan,Long-Zheng Yu,Xue-Mei Zhang,Ming-Ming Liu 대한기생충학열대의학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.51 No.2

Neospora caninum is the etiologic agent of bovine neosporosis, which affects the reproductive performance of cattle worldwide. The transmembrane protein, NcSRS2, and dense-granule protein, NcGRA7, were identified as protective antigens based on their ability to induce significant protective immune responses in murine neosporosis models. In the current study, NcSRS2 and NcGRA7 genes were spliced by overlap-extension PCR in a recombinant adenovirus termed Ad5-NcSRS2-NcGRA 7, expressing the NcSRS2-NcGRA7 gene, and the efficacy was evaluated in mice. The results showed that the titer of the recombinant adenovirus was 109TCID50/ml. Three weeks post-boost immunization (w.p.b.i.), the IgG antibody titer in sera was as high as 1:4,096. IFN-γ and IL-4 levels were significantly different from the control group (P<0.01). This research established a solid foundation for the development of a recombinant adenovirus vaccine against bovine N. caninum.

Anthocyanins in ‘Cabernet Gernischet’ (Vitis vinifera L. cv.) Aged Red Wine and Their Color in Aqueous Solution Analyzed by Partial Least Square Regression

Fu-Liang Han,Shou-Mei Jiang,Jian-Jun He,Qiu-Hong Pan,Chang-Qing Duan,Ming-Xia Zhang 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.3

Anthocyanins are considered one of the main color determinants in aged red wine. The anthocyanins in aged red wine made from ‘Cabernet Gernischet’ (Vitis vinifera L. cv.) grape were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography- electronic spray ionization- mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) and their color presented in aqueous solution were evaluated using partial least square regression (PLS). The results showed that there were 37 anthocyanins identified in this wine, including 22 pyranoanthocyanins. The analysis of PLS indicated that different anthocyanins showed distinct color values: malvidin 3-O-(6-O-acetyl)-glucoside-4-vinylguaiacol (Mv3-acet-glu-vg) presented the highest color values, while malvidin 3-O-glucoside (Mv3-glu) showed least. Among the free non-acylated anthocyanins, peonidin 3-Oglucoside (Pn3-glu) showed the highest color values; the coumarylated anthocyanins presented higher color values than their corresponding acetylated anthocyanins and parent anthocyanins; pyranoanthocyanins presented also higher color values than their original anthocyanins; the color of anthocyanins depended on their structure. This work will be helpful to reveal evolution in aged red wine.