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I.S.R.Punitha1,,Nalini Bhat3,,K.Rajendran1,,Arun Shirwaikar2,,Annie Shirwaikar1 한국생약학회 2005 Natural Product Sciences Vol.11 No.3
The aqueous extract of Coscinium fenestratum was studied for its antioxidant status in STZ-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats at two dose levels of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. At the end of theexperimental period, diabetic rats treated with aqueous extract at both dose levels showed a significant increase insuperoxide dismutase and catalase as compared to the untreated control. Similarly, a significant increase was alsoobserved in the levels of the non enzymatic antioxidants ceruloplasmin, ascorbic acid and tocopherol. The resultssuggest that the aqueous stem extract of C. fenestratum prevents type 2 diabetes mellitus induced oxidative stress.
Activity Guided Isolation of Antioxidant Tannoid Principles from Anogeissus latifolia
Raghavan Govindarajan1*,Madhavan Vijayakumar1,,Annie Shirwaikar2,,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat1,,Shanta Mehrotra1,,Palpu Pushpangadan1 한국생약학회 2005 Natural Product Sciences Vol.11 No.3
Oxidative stress is an important causative factor in several human chronic diseases, such asatherosclerosis, cardiovascular disorders, mutagenesis, cancer, several neurodegenerative disorders, and the agingprocess. Phenolics and tannins are reported to be good antioxidants. Anogeissus latifolia (Combretaceae) bark hasnot available till date. Hence the present study was undertaken to isolate antioxidant compounds by activity-guided isolation. Inhibtion of diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPH) and Xanthine oxidase along with photoc-hemiluminescence assay were used as bioassay for antioxidant activity. Activity guided isolation was carried outusing silica column and the compounds were quantified using HPLC. Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction exhibitedpotent antioxidant activity. Bioassay-guided isolation led to isolation of ellagic acid (1) and dimethyl ellagic acid(2these three major tannoid principles present in A. latifolia, are responsible for the antioxidant potential andpossibly their therapeutic potential.
Antioxidant Studies on the Methanol Stem Extract of Coscinium fenestratum
Annie Shirwaikar,Arun Shirwaikar,I.S.R. Punitha 한국생약학회 2007 Natural Product Sciences Vol.13 No.1
methanol extract of Coscinium fenestratum, commonly known as tree turmeric, which is widelyused in the indigenous system of medicine was studied for its in vitro scavenging activity in different methods vizDPPH scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, iron chelation activity, superoxide scavenging, ABTS radicalscavenging and lipid peroxidation. The results were analyzed statistically by regression method. Its antioxidantactivity was estimated by IC50 value and the values are 57.1 .g/ml for DPPH radical scavenging, 36.5 .g/ml forsuperoxide scavenging, and 40 .g/ml for lipid peroxidation. In all the methods, the extract showed its ability toscavenge free radicals in a concentration dependent manner. The results indicate that C. fenestratum has potentantioxidant activity.KeywordsCoscinium fenestratum, nitric oxide, ABTS, DPPH, lipid peroxidation, superoxide.
Pharmacognostical Evaluation of the Roots of Pseudarthria viscida (Linn.)
Annie Shirwaikar,K. Rajendran,K.K. Srinivasan 한국생약학회 2007 Natural Product Sciences Vol.13 No.3
roots of Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight and Arnott. (Leguminosae) are used against variousdisorders in Indian systems of medicine, namely as anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, aphrodisiac,rejuvenating, tonic and as a remedy for cough, asthma, tuberculosis, diarrhoea and alternate fever. The presentcomunication deals with the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of the root sample using light and confocalmicroscopy, WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures. Theparameters to establish the authenticity of P. viscida root and may possibly help to differentiate the drug from itsother species.KeywordsPseudarthria viscida, Leguminosae, pharmacognosy, HPTLC, stem and root
Pharmacognostical Identification of Stem and Root of Ipomoea quamoclit (Linn.)
Annie Shirwaikar,K. Rajendran,K.K. Srinivasan 한국생약학회 2007 Natural Product Sciences Vol.13 No.4
paper presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the stem and root of the crude drugIpomoea quamoclit Linn. (Convolvulaceae). Morphoanatomy of the stem and root have been studied with the aimto aid pharmacognostic and taxonomic species identification using light and confocal microscopy, WHOrecommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures. The physico-chemical,morphological and histological parameters presented in this paper may be proposed as parameters to establish theauthenticity of stem and root of I. quamoclit and may possibly help to differentiate the drug from its other species.KeywordsIpomoea quamoclit, Convolvulaceae, pharmacognosy, stem and root
Richard Lobo,I.S.R. Punitha,K. Rajendran,Arun Shirwaikar,Annie Shirwaikar 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.3
antisnake venom activity of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. (Fam. Verbenaceae), a plant traditionallyused in India for the treatment of snake bite was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods. While in vitro studieswere performed using human blood, in vivo studies were carried out using mice administered three different i.pdoses of the extract, 5 min before the administration of Naja naja snake venom. The results of the in vitro studiesin vivo studies, theextract showed significant antisnake venom activity, which may be attributed to its possible interference with theacetylcholine receptor sites. Hence the present investigation justifies the traditional use of Clerodendrum viscosum(C. viscosum) as antisnake venom. KeywordsClerodendrum viscosum, Naja naja, snake venom, verbenaceae, alcoholic extract
Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.)
Richard Lobo,C. Dinesh Kumar,I. S. R. Punitha,K. Rajendran,Arun Shirwaikar,Annie Shirwaikar 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.2
study presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the root and leaf of the crude drugClerodendrum viscosum Vent. (Verbenaceae), an important plant in the Indian system of medicine. The root andleaf samples were studied using light and confocal microscopy, WHO recommended-physicochemicaldeterminations, and authentic phytochemical procedures. The physicochemical, morphological, and histologicalparameters presented in this paper may be proposed as parameters to establish the authenticity of C. viscosum rootand leaf, and may possibly help to diferentiate the drug from its other species.KeywordsClerodendrum viscosum, Verbenaceae, pharmacognosy, root and leaf
Free Radical Scavenging and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition Potential of Hygrophila auriculata
Madhavan Vijayakumar,Raghavan Govindarajan,Arun Shirwaikar,Vivek Kumar,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Shanta Mehrotra,Palpu Pushpangadan 한국생약학회 2005 Natural Product Sciences Vol.11 No.1
Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum.) Heine is a wild herb comonly found in moist places on thebanks of tanks, ditches and paddy fields throughout India and is one of the main sources of Ayurvedic ?Rasayanadrug. The free radical scavenging potential of 50% aqueous alcoholic extract of H. auriculata (HAEt) was studiedfor DPPH scavenging activity, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical and ferryl bipyridyl complex scavenging activity(TBARS) in rat liver homogenate. Integral antioxidative capacity was determined by photochemiluminescence assay.HAEt showed good radical scavenging activity at various concentrations (200-1000 g/ml) against 1,1 diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (32.32-77.02%) with moderate scavenging activity against Nitric oxide (12.46-52.84%),hydroxyl radical (11.69-55.26%), ferryl bipyridyl complex (17.66-58.67%) and lipid peroxidation (0.829-0.416nmoles/mg protein). The above results indicate HAEt varied therapeutic activities claimed for the plant in the Indian indigenous systems of medicine may be in part dueto the free radical scavenging and/ or potent antioxidant activity.Keywords Hygrophila auriculata, free radical scavenging, Lipid peroxidation, Photochemiluminescence assay
Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Sphaeranthus indicus (Linn.)
Kirti. S. Prabhu,Richard Lobo,C. Dinesh Kumar,K. Rajendran,Annie Shirwaikar 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.2
study presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the underground portion of the crude drugSphaeranthus indicus dian system of medicine. The root and stolonwere studied using procedures of light, conofocal microscopy, WHO recommended-physicochemical determinations,and authentic phytochemical procedures. The physicochemical, morphological, and histological parameters presentedin this paper may be proposed as parameters to identify and establish the authenticity of S. indicus root and stolon.KeywordsS. indicus, pharmacognosy, adulterants
An Identity Based Pharmacognostical Profile of folium Annona squamosa
C. Dinesh Kumar,K. Rajendran,Richard Lobo,Annie Shirwaikar 한국생약학회 2005 Natural Product Sciences Vol.11 No.4
The leaves of Annona squamosa Linn. (Annonaceae), comonly called as custard apple, areinsecticidal activity, especially for destroying lice. This paper presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of thecrude drug folium Annona squamosa. The samples were studied using procedures of light, confocal microscopy,WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures. The physico-chemical, morphological and histological parameters presented in this paper may be proposed as parameters toestablish the authenticity of Annona squamosa leaf and may possibly help to differentiate the drug from itsadulterants.