Where Are Landscape Designers' Spatial Abilities in the Brain? An fMRI Study

Shih-Han Hung,Chia-Yi Huang,Tsung-Ren Huang,Shih-An Tang,Yu-Ping Tsai,Chun-YenChang 인간식물환경학회 2023 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.26 No.5

Background and objective: To effectively understand and communicate their work, landscape designers should possessexcellent spatial abilities. Neurological methods have confirmed that activation of the occipital lobe, parietal cortex, andprefrontal cortex affect the judgment of space; however, few studies have measured spatial abilities in landscape design. This study aimed to identify the potential role of various brain regions during spatial interpretation processes by landscapedesigners, particularly the effect of stimulating the frontal lobe on enhancing design capabilities. Methods: This study tested the spatial abilities of landscape designers when transforming a planar drawing into a sectionaldrawing and the brain regions activated in this process. The subjects were asked to identify the correct option whenmatching given section lines in a planar drawing. The correct answer rate and response time were used to score brainactivation during spatial task processes. A total of 16 valid subjects were divided into high- and low-accuracy groupsaccording to the correct answer rate. Results: The results for the high-accuracy group showed that the left inferior frontal gyrus was activated during spatialdesign tasks. In contrast, the findings for the low-accuracy group revealed that the left middle occipital gyrus was activatedfor processing visual information. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the frontal lobe plays a role in allowing landscape designers to make planar tocross-sectional inferences via mental rotations and categorical spatial relations. The findings offer implications forlandscape designers in stimulating the frontal lobe and enhancing their design capabilities.

요통환자의 Fergnson`s 및 Lumbar I.V.D Angle에 대한 임상 관찰

반사평 ( Shih Ping Pan ),권영민 ( Young Min Kwon ),김순중 ( Sun Jung Kim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2002 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Objective : Although theoretical possibility that facet joint could be an important cause of low back pain, there is few clinic basis about low back pain which is caused by derangement of facet joint. We investigated parallelism of two lines, which connects the angle of inclination and epiphysis of each lumbar segment, and found out the stability of each segment. Methods : We examined the Fergnson`s angle and I.V.D Angle(L4-5, L5-S1) of lumbago patients by simple X-ray film(L-S spine lateral view). The normal Fergnson`s angle was arranged 34 degrees and was classified by every 5 degrees, and the normal I.V.D Angle(L4-5, L5-S1) was arranged 15 degrees and was classified by every 5 degrees.Results :1. In the distribution of Fergnson`s angle, 31-35 degrees were 25 cases(32.1%), 26∼30 degrees were 15 cases(19.2%), 36∼40 degrees were 13 cases(16.7%), 21∼25 degrees were 7 cases(9.0%), 15∼20 degrees were 6 cases(7.7%), 46∼50 degrees were 5cases(6.4%), 41∼45 degrees were 4 cases(5.1%), 51∼55 degrees were 2 cases(2.6%), below 10 degrees was 1 case in the sequence.2. In the distribution of I.V.D angle of L4-5, 6∼10 degrees and 11∼15 degrees were 33 cases(42.3%) each, below 5 degrees were 8 cases(10.2%), 16∼20 degrees were 4 cases(5.1%) in the sequence.3. In the distribution of I.V.D angle of L5-S1, 11∼15 degrees were 28 cases(35.9%), 16∼20 degrees were 27 cases(34.6%), 6∼10 degrees were 9 cases(11.5%), 21∼25 degrees were 8 cases(10.2%), below 5 degrees were 4 cases(5.1%), 26∼30 degrees were 2 cases(2.6%) in the sequence. Below 15 degrees which is relatively stable angle, were 32 cases(41.0%), and the angle which disturbs the stability of facet joints were 46 cases(58.9%) in the patients.Conclusions : Many lumbago patients had the big angle which disturbs the stability of facet joints and subluxations of I.V.D angle in L5-S1.

퇴행성 소뇌 운동실조 증례보고

반사평 ( Shih Ping Pan ),김순중 ( Sun Jung Kim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2003 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.13 No.3

Objective : We have a reasonable effect on a male patient, 65 ages, who was diagnosed as cerebellar degeneration and ataxia, and have suffered from of cerebellar diseases, extrapyramidal tract, and disorder of neural system with oiental medicine theories and fitness exercise. Methods : We treated a patient with concerned about the ADL and not only allopathic therapy but herbal medicines, acupuncture, moxibusion, physiotherapy, and exercise. Results and Conclusions : We get a significant results that show recovery from gait disturbance, dysarthria, Long-Bi(륭閉), and disorder of neural system through in or out hospital care. cerebellar Degeneration and ataxia must be cared by intensive treatment as oriental medicine and exercise because of being issues from medically, psychologically, and societically views.

체액손실 후 발생한 위증(위症) 환자 5례에 대한 임상적 고찰

반사평 ( Shih Ping Pan ),정수현 ( Su Hyeon Jeong ),김순중 ( Sun Jung Kim ) 대한한의학회 한방재활의학과학회 2001 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.11 No.4

The meaning of diplomacy policy on the China's present overseas Chinese affairs

Fan, Shih-Ping 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2010 International Area Studies Review Vol.13 No.2

In the recent years, with the increasing global influences of overseas Chinese, China not only transformed from an “internal overseas affairs” to an “external overseas affairs”, but also facilitated the forming of numerous overseas affairs organizations rapidly under the “multiple development” overseas affairs policy. It also formed the deeply-rooted six major systems: Highest decision-making body for overseas affairs policy; Political forum for overseas Chinese, Plan implementation body for overseas affairs, Interdepartmental plan implementation body for overseas affairs, other negotiating body for overseas affairs, and party system for overseas works. At present, China's overseas Chinese affairs policy contains five directions: adopt an open attitude towards emigration, combine overseas Chinese affairs with China's comprehensive national power, adopt different levels of forms of political influences on countries of residence, overseas Chinese businessmen help Chinese capital enter international markets and export Chinese education via overseas Chinese. It is found that the meaning of current China's overseas Chinese affairs policy for diplomacy includes: conform to the diplomatic strategy of “peaceful development” and “harmonious world”, “great-power diplomacy” appears gradually, and increasingly outstanding “soft power” and “cultural diplomacy”.

Experiences of Family of Patient with Newly Diagnosed Advanced Terminal Stage Hepatocellular Cancer

Shih, Whei-Mei Jean,Hsiao, Ping-Ju,Chen, Min-Li,Lin, Mei-Hsiang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide due to its generally poor prognosis. Caregiver burden for liver cancer cases is higher than with other cancer and needs especial attention. Methods: To explore the experiences of families of patients with newly diagnosed advanced terminal stage hepatocellular cancer by interview. Results: Nine participants were recruited in this study. Content analysis of the interviews revealed four themes: blaming oneself, disrupting the pace of life, searching all possible regimens, and not letting go. Conclusions: This study provides new insight into the needs and support of family members especially when they are facing loved ones with newly diagnosed advanced terminal stage HCC. These results will inform future supportive care service development and intervention research aimed at providing assistance in reducing unmet supportive care needs and psychological distress of these family members.

On the Strong Convergence Theorems for Asymptotically Nonexpansive Semigroups in Banach Spaces

Shih-sen Chang,Liang Cai Zhao,Ding Ping Wu 한국전산응용수학회 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.1

Some strong convergence theorems of explicit iteration scheme for asymptotically nonexpansive semi-groups in Banach spaces are estab- lished. The results presented in this paper extend and improve some re- cent results in [T. Suzuki. On strong convergence to common fixed points of nonexpansive semigroups in Hilbert spaces, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 131(2002)2133–2136; H. K. Xu. A strong convergence theoremfor contrac- tion semigroups in Banach spaces, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 72(2005)371– 379; N. Shioji and W. Takahashi. Strong convergence theorems for con- tinuous semigroups in Banach spaces, Math. Japonica. 1(1999)57–66; T. Shimizu and W. Takahashi. Strong convergence to common fixed points of families of nonexpansivemappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 211(1997)71–83; N. Shioji and W. Takahashi. Strong convergence theorems for asymptot- ically nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert spaces, Nonlinear Anal. TMA, 34(1998)87–99; H. K. Xu. Approximations to fixed points of contraction semigroups in Hilbert space, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 19(1998), 157–163.] Some strong convergence theorems of explicit iteration scheme for asymptotically nonexpansive semi-groups in Banach spaces are estab- lished. The results presented in this paper extend and improve some re- cent results in [T. Suzuki. On strong convergence to common fixed points of nonexpansive semigroups in Hilbert spaces, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 131(2002)2133–2136; H. K. Xu. A strong convergence theoremfor contrac- tion semigroups in Banach spaces, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 72(2005)371– 379; N. Shioji and W. Takahashi. Strong convergence theorems for con- tinuous semigroups in Banach spaces, Math. Japonica. 1(1999)57–66; T. Shimizu and W. Takahashi. Strong convergence to common fixed points of families of nonexpansivemappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 211(1997)71–83; N. Shioji and W. Takahashi. Strong convergence theorems for asymptot- ically nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert spaces, Nonlinear Anal. TMA, 34(1998)87–99; H. K. Xu. Approximations to fixed points of contraction semigroups in Hilbert space, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 19(1998), 157–163.]

Metal-organic framework-derived hierarchical ZnO/NiO composites: Morphology, microstructure and electrochemical performance

Ping Yang,Xueling Song,Changchao Jia,Hsueh-Shih Chen 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.62 No.-

Hierarchical ZnO/NiO microstructures with different morphologies were synthesized employing bimetallic Zn/Ni MOFs as the precursor. The MOFs with rambutan- and seaweed-like morphologies were produced using terephthalic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The molar ratio of Zn/Ni plays an important role for the microstructure and capacitance performance of samples. In particular, hierarchical ZnO/NiO hollow microspheres and seaweed microflowers were obtained when the molar ratio of Zn/Ni was 1:2 and 1:1, respectively. The seaweed microflowers exhibited larger specific capacitance and higher rate capability. The composition and unique microstructure result in improved ionic and electronic conductivity and rich electroactive sites for the electrochemical reactions.

Development of a Small Tea Plucking Machine

( Ping-lang Yen ),( Nai-wen Chang ),( Chen-ya Chen ),( Hong-xuan Wei ),( Shih-fangchen ),( Wei-yang Hwang ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Tea plucking in Taiwan suffers of serious labor shortage due to agricultural population decreasing and aging. The problems become even worse in hot season of tea plucking and cause tremendous economic loses for farmers. Current solutions of introducing tea harvesting machinery to substitute human power were not adequately suitable to Taiwan's geographical specialty. These machines were found difficult to operate efficiently in mountain areas, or in small tea farms, and farms with narrow ridge to ridge. This paper has proposed a tea plucking prototype that is specially designed to operate in mountain areas and for small scale tea farm. The machine contains a carrier, a tea cutter and a motorized mechanism. The carrier of small size was able to be moved by human and its tea plucking module is motorized. At the same time the height of cutter was automatically adjusted by the controller so that tea leaves can be evenly trimmed during the carrier movement. The prototype successfully demonstrated the efficiency of tea plucking can be increased and workload for human could be significantly reduced. In conclusion, the developed small electrical tea plucking machine was proved feasible for the release of labor shortage problem in Taiwan’s tea plucking industry.

Grey Neural Network-Based Forecasting System for Vision-Guided Robot Trajectory Tracking

Shih-Hung Yang,Chung-Hsien Chou,Chen-Fang Chung,Wen-Pang Pai,Tse-Han Liu,Yung-Sheng Chang,Jung-Che Li,Huan-Chan Ting,Yon-Ping Chen 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

This paper presents a grey neural network-based forecasting system (GNNFS) in solving the prediction problem. GNNFS adopts a grey model to predict the signal and a neural network (NN) to forecast the prediction error of the grey model. A sequential batch learning (SBL) is developed to adjust the weights of the NN. The proposed GNNFS is applied to a binocular robot, called an Eye-Robot, for human-robot interaction which involved predicting the trajectory of a participant’s hand and tracking the hand. By applying the SBL, the GNNFS can gradually learn to predict the trajectory of the hand and track it well. The experimental results show that the GNNFS can carry out the SBL in real-time for vision-guided robot trajectory tracking.