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Effects of formic acid and lactic acid bacteria inoculant on main summer crop silages in Korea
( Sheng Nan Wei ),( Yan Fen Li ),( Eun Chan Jeong ),( Hak Jin Kim ),( Jong Geun Kim ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.1
To improve the fermentation quality of silage and reduce the nutrients loss of raw materials during the ensiling process, silage additives are widely used. The effect of additives on silage is also affected by the species of crop. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the effects of formic acid (FA) and lactic acid bacterial inoculant on the quality of main summer crop silage. The experiment was consisted on split-plot design with three replications. The experiment used the main summer forage crops of proso millet (“Geumsilchal”), silage corn (“Gwangpyeongok”), and a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (“Turbo-gold”). Treatments included silage with Lactic acid bacterial Inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum [LP], 1.0 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/g fresh matter), with FA (98%, 5 mL/kg), and a control (C, without additive). All silages were stored for 60 days after preparation. All additives significantly increased the crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the silages and also reduced the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) and pH. Corn had the highest content of IVDMD, total digestible nutrients and relative feed value among silages. Compared with the control, irrespective of whether FA or LP was added, the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) of three crops was largely preserved and the WSC content in the proso millet treated with FA was the highest. The treatment of LP significantly increased the lactic acid content of the all silage, while the use of FA significantly increased the content of acetic acid (p < 0.05). The highest count of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was detected in the LP treatment of corn. In all FA treatment groups, the total microorganism and mold numbers were significantly lower than those of the control and LP groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both additives improved the fermentation quality and nutritional composition of the main summer forage crops. The application of FA effectively inhibited the fermentation of the three crops, whereas LAB promoted fermentation. So, both FA and LP can improve the quality of various species of silage.
( Sheng Nan Li ),( Dao Sen Guo ),( Bo Guang Zhao ),( Jian Ling Ye ),( Jie Tian ),( Wen Qing Ren ),( Yun Wei Ju ),( Peng Cui ),( Rong Gui Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.8
A cDNA encoding a cysteine protease inhibitor (CPI) was isolated from the cDNA library of clamworm Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that the protein had 51%, 48%, and 48% identity with Zgc: 153129 from Danio rerio, cystatin B from Theromyzon tessulatum, and the ChainA, stefin B tetramer from Homo sapiens, respectively. The gene was cloned into the intracellular expression vector pET-15b and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant CPI (PA-CPI) was purified by affinity chromatography on Nicharged resin and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose FF. The relative molecular mass of PACPI was 16 kDa as deduced by SDS-PAGE. Activity analysis showed that the recombinant protein could inhibit the proteolytic activity of papain. A constitutive and secretive expression vector was also constructed, and the cDNA encoding CPI was subcloned into the vector for extracellular expression. Western blotting analysis results showed that the PA-CPI was secreted into the medium. Bioassay demonstrated that E. coli DH5α harboring pUC18ompAcat-CPI showed a significant difference in mortality to the Asian longhorned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis compared with untransformed E. coli DH5α and control.
Evaluation of forage production, feed value, and ensilability of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)
( Sheng Nan Wei ),( Eun Chan Jeong ),( Yan Fen Li ),( Hak Jin Kim ),( Farhad Ahmadi ),( Jong Geun Kim ) 한국축산학회 2022 한국축산학회지 Vol.64 No.1
Whole-plant corn (Zea may L.) and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are major summer crops that can be fed as direct-cut or silage. Proso millet is a short-season growing crop with distinct agronomic characteristics that can be productive in marginal lands. However, information is limited about the potential production, feed value, and ensilability of proso millet forage. We evaluated proso millet as a silage crop in comparison with conventional silage crops. Proso millet was sown on June 8 and harvested on September 5 at soft-dough stage. Corn and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid were planted on May 10 and harvested on September 10 at the half milk-line and soft-dough stages, respectively. The fermentation was evaluated at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 45 days after ensiling. Although forage yield of proso millet was lower than corn and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, its relative feed value was greater than sorghum-sudangrass hybrid. Concentrations of dry matter (DM), crude protein, and water-soluble carbohydrate decreased commonly in the ensiling forage crops. The DM loss was greater in proso millet than those in corn and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid. The in vitro dry matter digestibility declined in the forage crops as fermentation progressed. In the early stages of fermentation, pH dropped rapidly, which was stabilized in the later stages. Compared to corn and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen was greater in proso millet. The count of lactic acid bacteria reached the maximum level on day 10, with the values of 6.96, 7.77, and 6.95 Log<sub>10</sub> CFU/g fresh weight for proso millet, corn, and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, respectively. As ensiling progressed, the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid of the three crops increased and lactic acid proportion became higher in the order of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, corn, and proso millet. Overall, the shorter, fast-growing proso millet comparing with corn and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid makes this forage crop an alternative option, particularly in areas where agricultural inputs are limited. However, additional research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of viable strategies such as chemical additives or microbial inoculants to minimize ammonia-nitrogen formation and DM loss during ensiling.
Engineering of Bacteria for the Visualization of Targeted Delivery of a Cytolytic Anticancer Agent
Jiang, Sheng-Nan,Park, Seung-Hwan,Lee, Hee Jung,Zheng, Jin Hai,Kim, Hyung-Seok,Bom, Hee-Seung,Hong, Yeongjin,Szardenings, Michael,Shin, Myung Geun,Kim, Sun-Chang,Ntziachristos, Vasilis,Choy, Hyon E,Mi Elsevier 2013 Molecular therapy Vol.21 No.11
기업의 사회적 책임활동이 기업에 대한태도와 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 -제품관여도를 조절변수로-
주승남 ( Sheng Nan Zhu ) 한국인터넷비즈니스학회 2011 인터넷비지니스연구 Vol.12 No.1
현재 사회에서 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR: Corporate Social Responsibility)에 대한 국제 적인 표준(ISO 26000)이 만들어지면서 기업의 모든 활동과정에서 윤리적 경영, 환경보호, 사회공한 등의 가치를 제고시키고, 이해관계자와 지역사회 모두에게 이익이 돌아가도록 하기 위한 기업체의 책임이 확대되고 있다. 과거, 여러 기업에서 추구하는 이념은 이 윤의 극대화 이었는데 최근에 기업의 사회적 책임활동에 대한 인식이 확대되었다. 기업의 사회적 책임활동이란 기업이 상품과 서비스를 통해 이익을 획득하는 영역을 넘어 사회에 대한 책임을 다하는 것을 의미하며, 여기에는 신뢰성이 있는 상품을 만드는 것부터 수익금 중 일부를 기부, 환경 정화 활동, 각종 봉사 활동, 정당한 세금 납부, 재무적 투명성 공개, 근로자 권익 항상 등이 포함된다. Recently, the corporate social responsibility activity is gathering strength as important. The corporate have seemed to be interested in and practiced their social responsibility. Accordingly, the study tries to uncover the structured relationship of the purchase intention by consumers among the corporate social responsibility and the consumers` attitude toward company in order to suggest an alternative for the development to maximize the purchase intention the company. In the other hand, this study tries to find out the different relationships between the corporate social responsibility and the purchase intention, consumers` attitude toward and purchase intention in high-involvement and low-involvement.
Reviews on innovations and applications in structural health monitoring for infrastructures
Li, Hong-Nan,Yi, Ting-Hua,Ren, Liang,Li, Dong-Sheng,Huo, Lin-Sheng Techno-Press 2014 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.1 No.1
The developments and implementations of the structural health monitoring (SHM) system for large infrastructures have been gradually recognized by researchers, engineers and administrative authorities in the last decades. This paper summarizes an updated review on innovations and applications in SHM for infrastructures carried out by researchers at Dalian University of Technology. Invented sensors and data acquisition system are firstly briefly described. And then, some proposed theories and methods including the sensing technology, sensor placement method, signal processing and data fusion, system identification and damage detection are discussed in details. Following those, the activities on the standardization of SHM and several case applications on specific types of structure are reviewed. Finally, existing problems and promising research efforts in the field of SHM are given.