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Piao, Shang Guo,Bae, Soo Kyung,Lim, Sun Woo,Song, Ji-Hyun,Chung, Byung Ha,Choi, Bum Soon,Yang, Chul Woo Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2012 Transplantation Vol.93 No.4
BACKGROUND.: It is known that sirolimus (SRL) aggravates cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity and pancreatic injury, but the influence of everolimus (EVR) on CsA-induced organ injury is undetermined. METHODS.: Rats were treated with CsA (15 mg/kg) and EVR or SRL (0.3 mg/kg) subcutaneously for 4 weeks. The influences of EVR or SRL on CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and pancreatic islet dysfunction were compared, and drug interactions between CsA and EVR or SRL were evaluated at blood and tissue levels. RESULTS.: Treatment with EVR or SRL alone did not cause severe pancreatic dysfunction and renal injury, but when combined with CsA they aggravated CsA-induced pancreatic and renal injury. Drug interactions between CsA and EVR or SRL differed at the tissue level. Combined treatment with CsA and SRL significantly increased the CsA or SRL levels in kidney and pancreas compared with CsA or SRL alone. However, combined treatment with CsA and EVR did not increase CsA or EVR levels in kidney and pancreas. CONCLUSIONS.: Both EVR and SRL aggravate CsA-induced organ injury, but the pharmacologic interaction between EVR and CsA at the tissue level is less than that between CsA and SRL. This finding provides better understanding of the difference between EVR and SRL when combined with CsA treatment.
Identification of Autoantigens in Pediatric Gastric Juices
Hee-Shang Youn,Jin-Su Jun,Jung Sook Yeom,Ji Sook Park,Jae-Young Lim,Hyang-Ok Woo,Jung-Wook Yang,Seung-Chul Baik,Woo-Kon Lee,Ji-Hyun Seo 대한소아소화기영양학회 2024 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.27 No.1
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence of autoantigens in the gastric juices of children. Methods: Gastric juice and serum samples were obtained from 53 children <15 years of age who underwent gastric endoscopy. Among these, 8, 22, and 23 participants were in the age groups 0–5, 6–10, and 11–15 years, respectively. These samples were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), immunoblot analysis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of-flight mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we reviewed the histopathological findings and urease test results and compared them with the results of 2-DE and immunoblot analysis. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in urease test positivity, grades of chronic gastritis, active gastritis, or Helicobacter pylori infiltration of the antrum and body among the three age groups. Three distinct patterns of gastric juice were observed on 2-DE. Pattern I was the most common, and pattern III was not observed below the age of 5 years. Histopathological findings were significantly different among active gastritis (p=0.037) and H. pylori infiltration (p=0.060) in the gastric body. The immunoblots showed large spots at an approximate pH of 3–4 and molecular weights of 31–45 kDa. These distinct, large positive spots were identified as gastric lipase and pepsin A and C. Conclusion: Three enzymes, which are normally secreted under acidic conditions were identified as autoantigens. Further investigation of the pathophysiology and function of autoantigens in the stomach is required.
Lim, Sun Woo,Hyoung, Bok Jin,Piao, Shang Guo,Doh, Kyoung Chan,Chung, Byung Ha,Yang, Chul Woo Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2012 Transplantation Vol.94 No.3
BACKGROUND: The study was performed to investigate the influence of cyclosporine A (CsA)–induced renal injury on autophagy in an experimental model of chronic CsA nephropathy. METHODS: Three dosages of CsA (7.5, 15, and 30 mg/kg/day) were administered to mice for 4 weeks. The formation of autophagosomes was measured with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 phospholipid-conjugated form (LC3-II) and beclin-1, and the ability of autophagic clearance was examined with sequestosome-1 (p62). Autophagic vacuoles were visualized and counted using electron microscopy. Double immunolabeling of LC3-II and active caspase-3 was performed to evaluate the association between autophagy and apoptosis. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring urinary 8-hydroxy-2&vprime;-deoxyguanosine excretion, demonstrating oxidative DNA damage. Antioxidative drugs, pravastatin and N-acetylcysteine, were used to evaluate the role of CsA-induced oxidative stress on autophagy. RESULTS: CsA treatment increased the expressions of LC3-II and beclin-1 in the kidney in a dose-dependent manner. The number of p62-positive cells was also significantly increased in a CsA dose–dependent manner. Electron microscopy revealed excessive autophagic vacuoles in the CsA group compared with the vehicle group. Expression of active caspase-3 was increased in a CsA dose–dependent manner and was colocalized with LC3-II in the injured area of CsA-treated kidneys. Concurrent pravastatin or N-acetylcysteine treatment reduced urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2&vprime;-deoxyguanosine and subsequently decreased LC3-II expression and the number of p62-positive cells compared with the CsA group. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic CsA nephropathy is a state of excessive autophagic vacuoles and decreased autophagic clearance. Oxidative stress may play an importation role in the induction of autophagy.
Factors Associated with Removal of Impactted Fishbone in Children, Suspected Ingestion
Lim, Chun Woo,Park, Min Hwan,Do, Hyun Jeong,Yeom, Jung-Sook,Park, Ji Sook,Park, Eun Sil,Seo, Ji Hyun,Park, Jung Je,Lim, Jae Young,Park, Chan Hoo,Woo, Hyang-Ok,Youn, Hee-Shang The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2016 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.19 No.3
Purpose: The management and clinical course in pediatric patients who had ingested foreign body were investigated retrospectively to evaluate the frequency and factor associated with successful removal of fishbone foreign body. Methods: Based on the medical records of patients younger than 15 years old who visited emergency room because of foreign body ingestion from January 1999 to December 2012, the authors reviewed clinical characteristics including type of ingested foreign bodies, time to visits, managements and complications. Results: Fishbone (50.1%) was the most common ingested foreign body in children. Among 416 patients with ingested fishbone, 245 (58.9%) were identified and removed using laryngoscope, rigid or flexible endoscope from pharynx or upper esophagus by otolaryngologists and pediatric gastroenterologists. The kind of ingested fish bone in children was diverse. The mean age of identified and removed fishbone group was 7.39 years old, and higher than that of unidentified fishbone group (5.81 years old, p<0.001). Identified and removed fishbone group had shorter time until hospital visit than the unidentified fishbone group (2.03 vs. 6.47 hours, p<0.001). No complication due to ingested fishbone or procedure occurred. Conclusion: Older age and shorter time from accident to hospital visit were the different factors between success and failure on removal of ingested fish bone in children.
Seo, Ji-Hyun,Lim, Chun Woo,Park, Ji Sook,Yeom, Jung Sook,Lim, Jae-Young,Jun, Jin-Su,Woo, Hyang-Ok,Youn, Hee-Shang,Baik, Seung-Chul,Lee, Woo-Kon,Cho, Myung-Je,Rhee, Kwang-Ho The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2016 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.31 No.3
<P>We tested correlations between anti-<I>Helicobacter pylori</I> IgG and IgA levels and the urease test, anti-CagA protein antibody, degree of gastritis, and age. In total, 509 children (0–15 years) were enrolled. Subjects were stratified as 0–4 years (n = 132), 5–9 years (n = 274), and 10–15 years (n = 103) and subjected to the urease test, histopathology, ELISA, and western blot using whole-cell lysates of <I>H. pylori</I> strain 51. The positivity rate in the urease test (<I>P</I> = 0.003), the degree of chronic gastritis (<I>P</I> = 0.021), and <I>H. pylori</I> infiltration (<I>P</I> < 0.001) increased with age. The median titer for anti-<I>H. pylori</I> IgG was 732.5 IU/mL at 0–4 years, 689.0 IU/mL at 5–9 years, and 966.0 IU/mL at 10–15 years (<I>P</I> < 0.001); the median titer for anti-<I>H. pylori</I> IgA was 61.0 IU/mL at 0–4 years, 63.5 IU/mL at 5–9 years, and 75.0 IU/mL at 10–15 years (<I>P</I> < 0.001). The CagA-positivity rate was 26.5% at 0–4 years, 36.5% at 5–9 years, and 46.6% at 10–15 years for IgG (<I>P</I> = 0.036), and 11.3% at 0–4 years, 18.6% at 5–9 years, and 23.3% at 10–15 years for IgA (<I>P</I> < 0.001). Anti-<I>H. pylori</I> IgG and IgA titers increased with the urease test grade, chronic gastritis degree, active gastritis, and <I>H. pylori</I> infiltration. Presence of CagA-positivity is well correlated with a high urease test grade and high anti-<I>H. pylori</I> IgG/IgA levels.</P>