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Shaliza Ibrahim,S. Vikineswary,Sujjat Al- Azad,L. L. Chong 한국생물공학회 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.5
A study was carried out to determine a suitable light intensity and inoculum size for the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain B1. The pollution reduction of sago effluent using free and immobilised R. palustris cells was also evaluated. The growth rate in glutamate-malate medium was highest at 4 klux compared to 2.5 and 3 klux. The optimal inoculum size was 10% (v/v). Both the COD and BOD of the sago effluent were reduced by 67% after three days of treatment. The difference in biomass production or BOD and COD removal with higher inoculum sizes of 15 and 20% was minimal. This could be attributed to limited nutrient availability in the substrate. The use of immobilised cells of R. palustris reduced the pollution load 10% less compared to pollution reduction by free cells. Hence, there was no significant difference in using free or immobilised cells for the treatment of sago effluent.
Ibrahim, Shaliza,Vikineswary, S.,Al-Azad, Sujjat,Chong, L.L. The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.5
A study was carried out to determine a suitable light intensity and inoculum size for the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain B1. The pollution reduction of sago effluent using free and immobilised R. palustris cells was also evaluated. The growth rate in glutamatemalate medium was highest at 4 klux compared to 2.5 and 3 klux. The optimal inoculum size was 10% (v/v). Both the COD and BOD of the sago effluent were reduced by 67% after three days of treatment. The difference in biomass production or BOD and COD removal with higher inoculum sizes of 15 and 20% was minimal. This could be attributed to limited nutrient availability in the substrate. The use of immobilised cells of R. palustris reduced the pollution load 10% less compared to pollution reduction by free cells. Hence, there was no significant difference in using free or immobilised cells for the treatment of sago effluent.
Parviz Mohammadi,Shaliza Ibrahim,Mohamad Suffian Mohamad Annuar 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.10
Five pretreatment methods, namely chemical, acid, heat-shock, freezing and thawing, and base, were evaluated for the enrichment of hydrogen-producing bacteria in anaerobic granulated sludge, which will be subsequently used as seed in biological hydrogen production. All the pretreatments showed positive effects towards improving hydrogen (H2) generation by the microbial population with higher hydrogen production yield and COD removal efficiency as compared to control. The granulated sludge pretreated by heat-shock showed maximum accumulated H2 (19.48mLg−1-COD), COD removal efficiency (62%), and biomass concentration (22.5 gL−1).
Azam Akhbari,Shaliza Ibrahim,Low Chin Wen,Afifi Zainal,Noraziah Muda,Liyana Yahya,Onn Chiu Chuen,Farahin Mohd Jais,Mohamad Suffian bin Mohamad Annuar 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.61 No.2
The present work evaluated the production of biohydrogen under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions through dark fermentation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) in batch mode using the design of experiment methodology. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to investigate the influence of the two significant parameters, POME concentration as substrate (5, 12.5, and 20 g/l), and volumetric substrate to inoculum ratio (1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2, v/v.%), with inoculum concentration of 14.3 g VSS/l. All the experiments were analyzed at 37 ℃ and 55 ℃ at an incubation time of 24 h. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, hydrogen content (H2%), and hydrogen yield (HY) at a substrate concentration of 12.5 g COD/l and S:I ratio of 1:1.5 in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions were obtained (27.3, 24.2%), (57.92, 66.24%), and (6.43, 12.27 ml H2/g CODrem), respectively. The results show that thermophilic temperature in terms of COD removal was more effective for higher COD concentrations than for lower concentrations. Optimum parameters projected by RSM with S:I ratio of 1:1.6 and POME concentration of 14.3 g COD/l showed higher results in both temperatures. It is recognized how RSM and optimization processes can predict and affect the process performance under different operational conditions.
Lee, Gooyong,Ibrahim, Shaliza,Kittappa, Shanmuga,Park, Heekyung,Park, Chang Min Elsevier 2018 Ultrasonics sonochemistry Vol.44 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Novel heterostructured β-Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> nanoplates (hBN) were synthesized to observe the sonocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) (widely used as a model pollutant) under ultrasonic (US) irradiation. Prior to obtaining the hBN, the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> micropowder precursor was prepared under hydrothermal conditions and then converted to hBN by increasing the calcination temperature to 300 °C. The synthesized hBN samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The hBN/US system exhibited greater sonocatalytic activity for the degradation of BPA than the US treatment with the single element bismuth oxide, β-Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> prepared by annealing the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> precursor at 400 °C for 1 h. The US frequency and US power intensity in the hBN/US system were the key operating parameters, which were responsible for the complete degradation of BPA during 6 h of reactions. The degradation efficiency of BPA under the US irradiation was positively correlated with the dose of hBN. Our findings indicate that heterostructured hBN can be used as an efficient sonocatalyst for the catalytic degradation of BPA in water and wastewater treatment.</P>
Baharak Sajjadi,A.R. Abdul Aziz,Saeid Baroutian,Shaliza Ibrahim 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4
The 3D simulation of convection and diffusion phenomena within a ceramic membrane during transesterification reaction was the aim of this study. The ceramic membrane was a tubular micro porous TiO2/Al2O3 packed with the heterogeneous catalyst. The Navier–Stokes, Brinkman and Stephan–Maxwell equations were applied for investigation of fluid flow reaction and mass transfer within the system. The value of the convection was generally between 104 and 107 times higher than diffusion. It depends on concentration component, the diffusion coefficient and components velocity. A good agreement was found with the maximum deviation of 8% from experimental data.
A study of palm oil mill processing and environmental assessment of palm oil mill effluent treatment
Azam Akhbari,Prashad Kumaran Kutty,Onn Chiu Chuen,Shaliza Ibrahim 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.2
This work discusses the palm oil mill processing carried out at Jugra Palm Oil Mill Sdn Bhd, situated at Selangor, Malaysia with the capacity of 45-t fresh fruit bunch (FFB)/h. Typically, oil palm residues and palm oil mill effluent (POME) from FFB are generated while processing. Prior to discharge, POME should be treated to remove pollutants in the effluent. As such, the performances of anaerobic and aerobic ponds were assessed in this study to determine temperature, pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), sludge volume index (SVI), and dissolved oxygen (DO). From the experiments, mesophilic temperature due to better process stability was applied in anaerobic ponds. The pH results displayed a fluctuating trend between lower control limit and upper control limit, and, the pH value increased from one pond to another. The final discharge BOD and SVI appeared to be lower than 100 mg/L and 10 mL/L indicating low degree of pollution and good settling ability for biomass/solid. DO was close to normal, mostly below 2 mg/L. The experimental outcomes revealed the effective treatability of POME in adherence to the standard regulation, which is the priority for environmental sustainability within this industry domain.
Pichiah Saravanan,Yee Li Kang,Mei Yi Poon,Purushothaman Monash,Shaliza Ibrahim 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.10
A detailed surface characterizations and adsorption mechanism of Cd2+ on chemical activated carbon (CAC)prepared from Garnicia mangostana shell were investigated. The activation is accomplished in self-generating atmosphere using phosphoric acid as activating agent. The characterizations performed are elemental analysis, functional group identification, N2 adsorption isotherm and surface charges. Adsorption mechanism of metal ion was tested using Cd2+ as model ion. CAC achieved BET surface area of 1,498 m2/g with a mixture of micro and mesopores. The point of zero charge is observed to be at pH 2.8 and the optimum pH for Cd2+ adsorption on CAC is 12. The adsorption isotherm followed the Freundlich model, and the adsorption kinetics was explained by pseudo-second order kinetic model. From thermodynamic studies, the adsorption was found to be physical adsorption. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the adsorption of Cd2+ onto CAC as +2 oxidation state.
Amy Aynee Chan,Archina Buthiyappan,Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman,Shaliza Ibrahim 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.10
Adsorption is a prominent and cost-effective water treatment method that has been used to remove a variety of contaminants due to its efficacy, ease of use, and environmental friendliness. Biosorbents developed from agricultural wastes have been extensively studied. This review gives insight into the potential of carbonaceous coconut shells as a source of biomass material to prepare adsorbents for wastewater treatment. The feasibility of coconut shells as a precursor material is beneficial for extensive industrial-scale applications due to their natural properties and longterm availability. This review article also illustrates the excellent adsorption performance of adsorbents derived from coconut shells that can be an alternative precursor to commercial carbons with a high market price. This review points out the applications of coconut shell-based adsorbents in removing a wide range of contaminants and actual industrial wastewater. Additionally, literature shows that modified coconut shell-based adsorbents show better adsorption performance in removing hazardous pollutants due to enhancement in adsorbents’ structural characteristics. The discussion on the environmental and economic perspectives on utilizing coconut shell-based adsorbents is also of the highlights of this review. It is prospective for industries to explore converting agricultural wastes into low-cost green adsorbents for wastewater treatment.