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Shalini Jain,Hariom Yadav,P.R. Sinha 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3
In the present study, effect of dahi containing probiotic Lactobacillus casei (probiotic dahi) was evaluated to modulate immune response against Salmonella enteritidis infection in mice. Animals were fed with milk products along with standard diet for 2 and 7 days prior to the S. enteritidis challenge and continued on the respective dairy food-supplemented diets during the postchallenge period. Translocation of S. enteritidis in spleen and liver, β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase enzymatic activities and secretory IgA (sIgA) in intestinal fluid, lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokine (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-6, and interferon-γ [IFN-γ]) production in cultured splenocytes were assessed on day 2, 5, and 8 of the postchallenge period. Colonization of S. enteritidis in liver and spleen was remarkably low in probiotic dahi-fed mice than mice fed milk and control dahi. The β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase activities in intestinal fluid collected from mice prefed for 7 days with probiotic dahi were significantly lower at day 5 and 8 postchallenge than in mice fed milk and control dahi. Levels of sIgA and lymphocyte proliferation rate were also significantly increased in probiotic dahi-fed mice compared with the other groups. Production of IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ increased, whereas IL-4 decreased in splenic lymphocytes collected from probiotic dahi-fed mice. Data showed that dahi prefed for 7 days before S. enteritidis challenge was more effective than when mice were prefed for 2 days with dahi. Moreover, probiotic dahi was more efficacious in protecting against S. enteritidis infection by enhancing innate and adaptive immunity than fermented milk and normal dahi. Results of the present study suggest that prefeeding of probiotic dahi may strengthen the consumer's immune system and may protect infectious agents like S. enteritidis.
Homology Modeling of CCR 4: Novel Therapeutic Target and Preferential Maker for Th2 Cells
Shalini, M.,Madhavan, Thirumurthy The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2014 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.7 No.4
C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4) is a chemokine receptor with seven transmembrane helices and it belongs to the GPCR family. It plays an important role in asthma, lung disease, atopic dermatitis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, the mosquito-borne tropical diseases, such as dengue fever and allergic rhinitis. Because of its role in wide spectrum of disease processes, CCR4 is considered to be an important drug target. Three dimensional structure of the protein is essential to determine the functions. In the present study homology modeling of human CCR4 was performed based on crystal structure of CCR5 chemokine receptor. The generated models were validated using various parameters. Among the generated homology models the best one is selected based on validation result. The model can be used for performing further docking studies to identifying the critical interacting residues.
( Shalini Sri Kumaran ),( Kavitha Garuna Murthee ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
The Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) consists of three different species: Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus intermedius, and Streptococcus constellatus. SAG species are common human fi ora from the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract but with a propensity to cause invasive pyogenic abscesses at sites such as brain, hepatic, splenic and even infective endocarditis albeit less commonly. We report two cases with SAG infections encountered in a week that caused infections at different sites. An 80-year-old man with a bioprostethic aortic valve presented with fever, chills, and constitutional symptoms. This was following a recent discharge from hospital for a stroke and treated SAG bactaraemia from unknown source. Clinically he was febrile and tachycardic. Laboratory fi ndings revealed leukocytosis, and blood cultures grew SAG again. An initial transthoracic echocardiography was reported as having no valvular vegetations but a transesophageal echocardiography showed a large fi lamentous mobile vegetation. He was continued on intravenous Ceftriaxone for 6 weeks and made good recovery. The second case was of a 70-year-old man with a malignant pancreatic tumour and a history of cholangitis with stenting done. He presented with abdominal pain. Clinically, he was jaundiced, febrile, tachycardic and hypotensive. Blood investigations revealed leukocytosis and the blood cultures grew polymicrobial bacteria: Escherichia Coli, Proteus Vulgaris and SAG. The initial impression was polymicrobial infection from a blocked stent. However despite changing the stent, an US abdomen revealed a large hepatic mass representing an abscess and blood cultures grew SAG again. He was continued on intravenous Cefepime for 4 weeks and a repeat US showed a decrement in the mass size and blood cultures were cleared as well. The patient however developed complications from his malignancy and passed on soon after. This report illustrates the various different clinical manifestations and implications of the SAG bacteria.
Shalini Jain,Hariom Yadav,P.R. Sinha 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.4
Immunomodulatory effects of a dahi (strained yogurt) containing probiotic Lactobacillus casei, designated “probiotic dahi,” was evaluated in Swiss albino mice during 8 days of feeding and compared with control dahi-, nonfermented milk-, and no milk product diet-fed (control) groups. Lysosomal enzymes (β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase) and phagocytic activities were estimated in peritoneal macrophages of animals fed with different experimental diets on days 2, 5, and 8. The oral administration of probiotic dahi increased (by 84%) β-galactosidase activity in supernatant of cultured macrophages and achieved the highest values on day 2 and thereafter decreased up to day 8, at which no effect on β-glucuronidase activities was observed; it was the same as the control group. Moreover, phagocytic activity also increased in probiotic dahi-fed mice after days 2 and 5 and then decreased after 8 days, but was still higher than in nonfermented milk and control dahi-fed groups. The counts of total lactobacilli significantly increased after feeding of probiotic dahi as compared to the other groups. However, no significant changes were observed in β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase activities and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages isolated from nonfermented milk- and normal diet-fed groups. The results of the present study reveal that nonspecific immune response markers were stimulated in mice by feeding of probiotic dahi containing probiotic L. casei instead of milk alone and that the effect was greater than in control dahi.
Counselors’ Perspectives on Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Children
Shalini Mathew,Michael Brooks 한국상담학회 2022 Journal of Asia Pacific counseling Vol.12 No.1
There is a growing popularity for complementary and alternative therapies available for families of children with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the perspectives of counselors towards the utilization of complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) for children with intellectual disabilities. The methods used were focus groups, individual interviews, and critical incident responses. Results of this study revealed six themes relating to the perspectives of counselors: confidence in CAT; increased parental involvement in CAT; CAT’s ability to be calming and relaxing; building productive relationships; professional development; and creating a safe space for children with intellectual disabilities. Recommendations for further research and implications for parents of children with intellectual disabilities, along with implications to the field of counselor education and supervision, are discussed.
Shalini M, Thirumurthy Madhavan 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2015 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.8 No.3
CXCR3 is a C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 also known as GPR9 and CD183. CXCR3 is a G-Protein coupled chemokine receptor which interacts with three endogenous interferon inducible chemokine’s (CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) and is proved to play a vital role in the Th1 inflammatory responses. CXCR3 has been implicated to be associated with various disease conditions like inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, type I diabetes and acute cardiac allograft rejection. Therefore CXCR3 receptor is found to be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Inorder to decipher the biological function of a CXCR3, 3D structure is of much important but the crystal structure for CXCR3 has not yet been resolved. Hence, in the current study Homology modeling of CXCR3 was performed against various templates and validated using different parameters to suggest the best model for CXCR3. The reported best model can be used for further studies such as docking to identify the important binding site residues.