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Shagdar, Ganbold,Junsu Kim,Chang-soo Park IEEE 2015 Journal of optical communications and networking Vol.7 No.10
<P>We propose an energy-efficient dynamic bandwidth allocation (EE-DBA) in an Ethernet passive optical network. In the proposed EE-DBA, the eligibility of optical network units (ONUs) to enter a power-saving mode is investigated based on their buffer occupancy and packet delay conditions that satisfy the user's quality of service (QoS) requirement. These conditions are easily obtained through the multipoint control protocol that is exchanged between the optical line terminal and the ONUs. The performance of the proposed EE-DBA is evaluated through simulations, and the results show that the power consumption of ONUs could be reduced by about 53% without sacrificing the user's QoS requirement under light and moderate traffic loads.</P>
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Plant species composition and vegetation cover of Kherlen Toono Mountain, Mongolia
Dariimaa Shagdar,Oyunchuluun Yadamsuren 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.1
The Kherlen Toono Mountain Natural Reserve has a unique natural formation that makes its flora and vegetation cover unique. This study aimed to prepare a species inventory of flora and conduct make visual assessments of the vegetation cover of Kherlen Toono Mountain. A total of 202 species belonging to 115 genera, 46 families, and 4 phyla (Equisetophyta, Polypodiophyta, Pinophyta, and Magnoliophyta) were recorded. During this study, a species [Vincetoxicum lanceolatum (Grubov) Grubov] was newly recorded in the vegetation of the Dundad Khalkh district. An endemic species, 7 subendemic species (4.9%), and 10 rare species (3.9%) were recorded in the study area, which comprised 8.9% of the total species. These species recordings indicated the unique flora of the Kherlen Toono Mountain region. Forb–khargana and needle grass–forb communities of 10 different communities were commonly recorded in the study area.
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양문승,Dorjpalam Shagdar 원광대학교 경찰학연구소 2012 경찰학논총 Vol.7 No.2
최근 10년 사이 베트남, 몽골, 우즈베키스탄 외 독립국가연합 등 아시아의 체제 전환국은 한국의 정부조직 및 경제, 사회, 문화 전 분야에 있어 다각도로 관심을 보이며, 한국 방문 및 연수를 통해 다양한 제도를 접하고자 하는 동향을 보이고 있다. 몽골의 경우 지난 2009년 한국 경찰청 및 형사사법 관련기관을 방문하여 과 학수사 및 경찰제도에 깊은 관심을 보인 바 있다. 몽골 경찰은 1990년대 정치체계 및 경제체제 전환 후 과도기적 민주주의 형태의 국가운영 시기를 겪으며 급속도로 변화되어 왔다. 특히 2008년 발생한 부정선거 관련 집회시위는 이에 대응하는 경찰활동의 중요성을 확인하는 계기가 되었다. 이 연구는 몽골 데모, 시위 및 집합법과 한국의 집회 및 시위에 관한 법률을 비 교 분석하여 향후 몽골의 집회시위에 있어 경찰활동의 방향을 제시하고자 하는 모 적으로 진행되었다. 연구 결과 몽골법의 경우 집회시위 절차의 구체화가 부족하며, 경찰활동의 분야 가 한정되어 있고, 시민안전을 위한 다양한 창구가 부족한 한계가 나타났다. 반면 몽골의 문화와 현실을 반영한 법제를 지니고 있으며, 지방자치단체의 참여가 두드 러졌으며, 집회시위 불가 통보에 대해서는 법원의 개입으로 조정된다는 점이 독창 적이라고 하겠다. 한국법의 경우 집회시위에 있어서 경찰이 중심이 있었으며, 이에 반해 인권보장을 위한 다양한 제도를 도입하고 있었다. 비교분석 후 몽골의 현실을 감안하여 집회신청 절차의 구체화, 경찰의 역할 정립, 민주적인 집회시위 제도적 보완, 몽골의 현실과 전통 문화의 반영에 대해 제언하였다.
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Scutellaria krasevii Kom. & I. Schischk. ex Juz. (Lamiaceae): a new record species from Mongolia
Badamtsetseg BAZARRAGCHAA,Gantuya BATDELGER,Darijmaa SHAGDAR,백운기,이중구 한국식물분류학회 2019 식물 분류학회지 Vol.49 No.2
We report Scutellaria krasevii Kom. & I. Schischk. ex Juz. (subfamily Scutellarioideae, family Lamiaceae) as a new recorded species of Mongolia. This species is morphologically similar to S. galericulata but can be differentiated by the presence of comparatively thick and triangular-cordate leaves having a heteromerously deep-crenate margin, a densely reclinate pubescent stem, and a densely pubescent corolla. A taxonomic description, a key to the genus in Mongolia, habit photographs, and scanning electron photomicrographs of nutlets are provided for species identification. We also present a table for a comparison of the diagnostic characteristics with those of related species. This species grows along the banks of the Unit river, Khutag-Undur soum, Bulgan province, Mongolia, approximately 2,300 km far away from the type locality in Russia.
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Mustafa, Azeem,Lougou, Bachirou Guene,Shuai, Yong,Razzaq, Samia,Wang, Zhijiang,Shagdar, Enkhbayar,Zhao, Jiupeng The Korean Electrochemical Society 2022 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.13 No.1
The electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (ECR) to produce value-added fuels and chemicals using clean energy sources (like solar and wind) is a promising technology to neutralize the carbon cycle and reproduce the fuels. Presently, the ECR has been the most attractive route to produce carbon-building blocks that have growing global production and high market demand. The electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction could be extensively implemented if it produces valuable products at those costs which are financially competitive with the present market prices. Herein, the electrochemical conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> obtained from flue gases of a power plant to produce diesel and formic acid using a consistent techno-economic approach is presented. The first scenario analyzed the production of diesel fuel which was formed through Fischer-Tropsch processing of CO (obtained through electroreduction of CO<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen, while in the second scenario, direct electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction to formic acid was considered. As per the base case assumptions extracted from the previous outstanding research studies, both processes weren't competitive with the existing fuel prices, indicating that high electrochemical (EC) cell capital cost was the main limiting component. The diesel fuel production was predicted as the best route for the cost-effective production of fuels under conceivable optimistic case assumptions, and the formic acid was found to be costly in terms of stored energy contents and has a facile production mechanism at those costs which are financially competitive with its bulk market price. In both processes, the liquid product cost was greatly affected by the parameters affecting the EC cell capital expenses, such as cost concerning the electrode area, faradaic efficiency, and current density.
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