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Dan, Seungkyu,Moon, Dong Ju,Yoon, En Sup,Shin, Dongil American Chemical Society 2013 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.52 No.22
<P>New sorts of energy are emerging as alternative clean fuel for transportation, power generation, and household. Using the DME–LPG mixture or HCNG is being considered and investigated as an improved option for the satisfaction of regulations over current policy of using LPG or CNG. In this research, we compare the safety of mixture fuels and existing fuels in the perspective of explosion risk that would be the biggest concern in the operation of new-energy stations. The explosion risk is analyzed and compared by using three different representative models: empirical, phenomenological, and CFD-based models, ordered in increased model complexity and computational and modeling efforts. Maximum overpressures of explosion of mixture and existing fuels respectively show similar results, in all three models, and no additional risk is expected in the modified use of current refueling facilities. CFD-based explosion simulation is determined to be used in deciding the exact overpressure distribution and optimal installation of prevention equipment, and a guideline is suggested. The final results are being adopted as part of new safety regulations for existing mixture stations and will be adapted at the new facilities in Korea. As a simple way to enable legacy models to estimate the dynamic consequence by explosion, a modified code that combines a gas dynamics solver with an empirical model is also suggested.</P>
신에너지 충전소의 정량적 위험성 평가를 위한 폭발 시뮬레이션
단승규(Seungkyu Dan),박경준(Kyungjun Park),김태옥(Tae-Ok Kim),신동일(Dongil Shin) 한국가스학회 2011 한국가스학회지 Vol.15 No.1
화석연료의 고갈과 대기오염 문제의 부담을 덜어줄 수 있는 신에너지 및 재생에너지에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 현재 사용 중인 LPG 및 LNG 가스의 대체 (혼합)연료로, DME (dimethyl ether)와 수소를 혼합 (HCNG)하여 사용하는 방안이 추진되고 있다. 이와 같은 에너지원은 인화성 가스 폭발의 위험을 가지고 있기 때문에, 본 연구에서는 기존의 시설에서 이 혼합연료를 사용할 경우에 대비한 안전관리의 일환으로, 3가지 폭발피해 예측방법 (TNT 당량모델, PHAST 및 CFD기반의 FLACS)을 이용하여 정량적 위험성 평가를 실시하였다. 그리고 각 폭발모델에 의해 산출된 사고결과인 과압의 차이를 비교하였고, 폭발모델의 사용방안을 제시하였다. 그 결과, 기존의 2가지 충전소에서 신에너지 혼합연료를 사용할 경우에는 폭발에 의한 추가 피해는 없을 것으로 예상되었다. The interest about new and renewable energy is increasing to reduce the burden of problems by depletion of fossil fuels and air pollutions. For example, LNG/CNG and LPG are expected to be replaced, especially in transportation use, by HCNG mixture and DME-LPG mixture, respectively. Because these new energies are still flammable gases, it is not inherently safe from the explosion. In this research, the quantitative risk analysis for using alternative mixtures in existing recharging facilities has been studied by using three types of explosion models (TNT equivalency model, PHAST and CFD-based FLACS) to manage the risk effectively. The differences of results by models were compared against, and the practical ways of when and how to use these models were suggested. It was also predicted that conventional gas filling stations would be converted as new energy stations without additional explosion risk.
Kim, Ik Hyun,Dan, Seungkyu,Kim, Hosoo,Rim, Hung Rae,Lee, Jong Min,Yoon, En Sup American Chemical Society 2014 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.53 No.21
<P>As the demand for offshore oil platforms and eco-friendly oil production has increased, it is necessary to determine the optimal conditions of offshore oil production platforms to increase profits and reduce costs as well as to prevent environmental pollution. The Reid vapor pressure (RVP) of product oil is a key specification as an environmental consideration. To achieve a practical design for an offshore platform, it is necessary to consider environmental specifications based on an integrated model describing all units concerned with oil and gas production. In addition, an effective optimization strategy is required to determine the design variables. In this study, using Aspen HYSYS and a stochastic optimization strategy for simulation and optimization, the design variables for the crude oil separation process were simultaneously determined to maximize profits. The results of this research show that the condensate recycling train has an excellent capability to adjust the vapor pressure of crude oil, and an increase in the separation stage results in an improvement in the process performance. It is also important to consider the trade-off between the oil production and operating costs because an increase in the oil production rate and a decrease in the RVP of product oil can be achieved by an additional expenditure in the operating costs. This study can facilitate the design of efficient and eco-friendly offshore platforms.</P>