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중소기업에서의 학습지향성, 학습행동, 조직환경 및 학습성과의 인과관계
김강호,나승일 한국직업능력개발원 2008 직업능력개발연구 Vol.11 No.3
이 연구의 목적은 100PPM 인증 중소기업에서의 학습지향성, 학습행동, 조직환경 및 학습성과의 인과관계를 구명하는 데 있다. 연구목적의 달성을 위한 변인측정은 학습지향성, 학습행동, 조직환경, 학습성과 및 개인의 일반특성으로 구성된 질문지를 사용하였다. 연구참여에 동의한 143개 기업 중 종사자 5명 이상이 응답한 83개 기업의 자료가 분석에 활용되었다. 분석 결과, 중소기업의 조직 학습지향성은 조직구조와 환경불확실성에 의해 많은 영향을 받으며, 조직 학습지향성은 학습성과에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 조직수준 학습행동은 조직 학습지향성이 학습성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 부분매개 역할을 하였다. 조직 학습지향성은 집단 및 조직수준 학습행동에는 직접적인 영향을 미쳤으나, 개인수준 학습행동에는 개인 학습지향성을 매개로 한 간접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로 개인수준 학습행동은 집단수준 학습행동을 매개로 조직수준 학습행동에 영향을 미쳤다. The purpose of this study was to identify the causal relationship among learning orientation, learning behaviors, organizational environment, and learning outcomes in 100PPM small and medium enterprise. A survey questionnaire was conducted to measure the variables of thlis study. The data from 83 firms out of 143 firms which agreed to research participation were analyzed for the research model. The results from this study was as follows. First, organizational learning orientation was influenced by organizational structure and environment uncertainty of SMEs. Second, organizational learning orientation has direct impact on overall learning outcomes in SMEs and organization-level learning behaviors had the mediation effect. Third, organizational learning orientation m SMEs has direct effect on group and organization-level learning behaviors and has indirect effect on individual-level learning behaviors with the mediation effect of individual learning orientation. Fourth, The group-level learning behaviors fully medicated the link between individual-level and organizational-level learning behaviors.
고은진,정한성,김의성,정일영,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.4
본 연구의 목적은 흰 쥐 (rat) 를 이용하여 미성숙 단계의 치아를 발치 후 즉시 재식 하였을 때 나타나는 치수의 치유 양상을 조직학적으로 관찰하고자 하는 것이다. 생후 4주된 암컷 Sprague-Dawley 계 흰쥐의 상악 우측 제1대 구치를 발거 후 원래의 치조골와 내로 위치시켰다. 재식 후 3일째부터 국소적으로 치수 내 염증 소견이 관찰되었으나, 치근 부위에서는 이미 치수의 재혈관화 및 치유가 진행되고 있는 소견이 관찰되었다. 재식 후 5일째 부터는 odontoblast-like cell이 관찰되기 시작하였다. 삼차 상아질의 형성은 재식 후 1주째 부터 관찰되기 시작하였으며, 2주째부터는 확실히 관찰할 수 있었다. Odontoblast-like cell 및 삼차상아질 형성은 4주째 까지도 계속 관찰되었다. 재식 후 4주째에는 bone-like tissue 및 cementum-like tissue이 형성되었음을 관찰하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 흰 쥐 치아 재식시 석회화 과정은 초기에는 삼차상아질 침착에 의해서 진행되나, 시간이 경과하면서 점차 bone-like tissue 또는 cementum-like tissue가 차지하는 비율이 증가하는 것을 관찰하였다. The objective of this study was to observe the histology of dental pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats. The maxillary right first molars of 4-week-old rat were extracted. and then the teeth were repositioned in the original socket. At 3 days after replantation. there was localized inflammatory reaction. But, pulp revasculization and healing had already begun in the root area. At 5 days after replantation. odonto blast-like cells were observed. Tertiary dentin deposition was observed beneath the pulp-dentin border from 1 week after replantation. And tertiary dentin was increased at 2 weeks after replantation. The presence of odontoblast-like cells and the formation of tertiary dentin were continued to 4 weeks after replantation. At 4 weeks after replantation. the deposition of bone-like tissues and cementum-like tissues was observed. This results show that there is a possibility of pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats and the mineralization of tooth can progress. The mineralization of tooth after replantation was initially occurred by the deposition of tertiary dentin. but as time passed. the deposition of bone-like tissues and cementum-like tissues was begun and increased.
2.5 Gbit/s Direct Pulse Modulation of a Gain-Switched DFB Semiconductor Laser
Seung-II Myong,Dong-Sun Seo,Jae-Dong Park,Moo-Jung Chu 한국정보과학회 1999 Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Vol.4 No.6
We report the experimental results of return-ta-zero direct pulse modulation of a gain-switched DFB semiconductor laser using a 2²³-1 pseudo-random bit sequence at a data rate of 2.5 Gbit/s. The effects of change in drive conditions on the eye diagrams of the outputs are investigated to determine the optimum operating conditions. At the optimum conditions, clear eye opening is observed and the modulated pulses show very similar characteristics to those of the same gain-switched pulses, which ensure the pattern independent, penalty-free operation of the laser.
나승일(Na Seung II),김주이(Kim Ju Yi) 한국실과교육학회 1998 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.11 No.1
The purpose of this study was to determine the current performance level and educational needs of teachers in competence needed for the Practical Arts Subject in elementary schools. The educational needs of teachers in practical arts were calculated by using the Borich’s Needs Assessment Model. For the purpose of this study all teachers who taught students from 3rd grade to 6th grade in Taegu were considered. A sample of 360 was selected randomly from the population. The data was collected by using the mailed questionnaire developed by researchers. There was a response rate of 93.6%. Based upon the findings of this study, the current performance level of teachers was at an average that was beyond the required competence level to teach students but they comparatively had high educational needs in some practical arts competence areas such as planting flowers and vegetables, raising animals, making technical products, etc. The calculated educational needs of teachers in competence would be used for prioritizing the training programing for teachers. Several recommendations were made for providing teachers with training as well as for building their skills in practical arts competence.