Base Emitter Codiffusion 소자 제조 및 전기적 특성 고찰

李善東,金政彦,朴淳太,梁光鎭,洪昌熹 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1990 硏究報告 Vol.14 No.2

In the time when we fabricated the NPH bipolar transistor the temperature annealing was needed. Then the properties of transistor was damaged because of inducing the silicon lattice defects. In this paper, proposed codiffusion method was able to control of junction depth by implant energy, dose concentration, diffusing temperature and annealing time control. In addition to, we studied for developed the transistor of high speed switching.

「衣」邊에 나타난 옷의 構造

李善熙 圓光大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

In reserching korean dress and ornaments, there are two ways. The one is the reserch by documentary records, another is the one by actual proof. The other method must be respected and used more preferentially than the one. But it is difficult to research in the other method, because clothes is changed according as time passes. Among ancient clothes those of Koguryo period can usually be studied by the wall painting on an old ancient tomb. But we don't have relics about Silla and Paekche period, so we can not helf depending on records. Even thought we have only on e relicof Koryo, which is called Koryo-Dogyung, we also must depend on the other method. But it doesn't have not only painting, but also actual things except clerical robe. So by the actual reserch method, we can know about only Yi Dynasty. Even though actual thing disappeared, we can know about the cloth through language and letter which imply thoughts and conceptions about that. And I have studied the aspect of it through letter which had effect on clothes that has remained to us endlessnessly until now. Oriental three nations are belong to chinese letter culture group. The vastness of China, the situational condition of Korean, and the ocean weather condition of Japan... etc, all these thing ahve effect on letter. Through this letter I have seen about the cloth. In these respects, we can connect clothes with the lefthand radical of a Chinese chracter of the Chinese letter, for example, Sa(絲), Gun(巾 ) Mo(毛) Eu(衣). Among these letters, especially I am concentrated on of Eu(衣). In this theme, throught the left-hand radical of a Chinese character of Eu(衣), I have studied the relation between clothes and man the sort and structure of clothes and process of making, shape which make a cmoprehensive study of cloth.

편도체 중심핵의 가역적 손상이 공포의 습득과 표현에 미치는 영향

신선희,김기석,김현택 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.4 No.1

지난 수년간 여러 보고들은 편도체가 무조건공포 및 조건공포에 관여함을 시사해 왔는며 근래에 들어서는 이 구조물을 하부핵군으로 구분하여 기능적으로 특정화하려는 노력이 시도되고 있다. 편도체 중심핵은 이들 하부핵군들 중 여러 가지 공포반응을 지배하는 뇌간 영역들에 가장 광범위한 투사를 하기 때문에 공포의 표현에 관여할 것이라는 견해가 지배적이다. 그러나 공포의 습득에서 편도체 중심핵의 역할에 대해서는 상반된 주장들이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 공포나 불안을 측정하는 여러 동물모형중에서 상승된 경악반응 절차를 사용하여, 편도체 중심핵의 가역적 손상이 공포의 습득과 표현에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 이를 통해 공포학습에서 편도체 중심핵의 역할을 알아보고자 하였다. 공포의 습득장면과 표현장면을 분리하여 연구하기 위해 국소마취제 리도카인이 사용되었다. 실험집단으로는 리도카인의 미세 주입 시기를 훈련 직전과 검사 직전으로 구분한, 리도카인-식염수 집단, 식염수-리도카인집단, 식염수-식염수집단, 리도카인-리도카인집단이 사용되었다. 실험결과, 훈련전이나 혹은 검사전에 리도카인을 투여받은 피험동물들은 경악반응의 상승을 거의 보이지 않았다. 그러나 이같은 결과를 상황의존적 인출실패 때문이라고 볼 수 없다. 왜냐하면 리도카인-리도카인 집단 역시 상승된 경악반응을 보이지 않았기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 편도체 중심핵이 공포의 표현뿐만아니라 공포의 습득에도 중대하게 관여함을 시사한다. For the past years there have been not a few reports that suggested the amygdala is responsible for conditioned fear as well as for unconditioned fear. In recent years the attempts have been made to divide the amygdala into several sub-structures and to specify each of them in view of its function. And it is generally accepted that among the sub-divisions the central amygdala takes part in the expression of fear because it projects its fibers most expensively to the brainstem areas which control a variety of fear responses. But with respect to the acquisition of fear, the role of the central amygdala is of much controversy. The present study is therefore to investigate what effects the reversible lesions of the central amygdaloid nucleus have on the acquisition and the expression of fear, using the fear-potentiated startle paradigm as an animal model for measuring fear or anxiety, and accordingly to identify the role of the centra amygdala in fear conditioning. To separate conditioning trial from test trial, the local anesthetic lidocaine was used, and so the experiment consisted of four groups on the basis of lidocaine micro-injected right before the conditioning trial or just before the test trial: lidocaine-saline group, saline-lidocaine group, saline-saline group, and lidocaine-lidocaine group. As a result, the animals which had been lidocaine-injected either before the conditioning trial or before the test trial, showed little increase in the startle responses. But the result cannot be due to the state dependent retrieval failure since the lidocaine-lidocaine group showed no fear-potentiated startle responses either. Thus, the result of the study strongly suggests that the central amygdala is involved not only in the expression of fear but also in the acquisition of fear.

공포로 상승된 경악반응에서의 편도체 노어에피네플린의 역할

한정수,신선희,김기석 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.4 No.1

편도체가 공포나 불안을 담당하는 신경구조물임을 밝힌 많은 연구가 있다. 본 연구에서는 상승된 경악반응을 이용해, 편도체의 어떤 전달물질이 공포의 표현에 관여하는 지를 밝히기 위해 노어에피네플린만 선택적으로 감소시키는 DSP-4(30㎍/2.5㎕)를 조건화 후에 편도체에 주입하였다. 그리고 요힘빈에 의한 불안이나 공포의 증가가 편도체의 노어에피네플린 감소 후에도 나타나는지를 밝히기 위해, 경악반응을 측정하기 전에 체순환적으로 요힘빈(1.25㎎/㎏)을 주입하였다. 조건화 후에 DSP-4만을 주입받은 동물과 조건화 후에 DSP-4을 주입받고 나서 일주일 후에, 경악반응을 측정하기 전에 요힘빈을 체순환적으로 주입받은 동물은 상승된 경악반응을 보이지 않았다. 이 결과로 편도체의 노어에피네플린이 상승된 경악반응이 나타나기 위해서 필요하고, 요힘빈에 의한 상승된 경악반응의 촉진효과는 편도체에 노어에피네플린을 증가시킴으로써 나타났다고 할 수 있다. In many studies, amygdala is considered to be the neural structure that is involved in fear or anxiety, in human and mammals. This paper, using fear-potentiated startle responses as a measure of fear, was to see whether noradrenergic receptors in the amygdala are involved in the expression of fear Rats were implanted with bilateral cannulae aimed at the amygdala. After the conditioning, DSP-4(30㎍/㎕) was injected to the amygdala, DSP-4 selectively produces the degeneration of the noradrenergic receptors only. In addition, we tried to find out whether or not yohimbine, which is known to increase fear and/or anxiety, can produce the potentiated startle responses even after the degeneration of noradrenergicr receptors in the amygdala. For this, before test, yohimbine(1.25㎎/㎏) was injected systemically. Results showed that animals injected with DSP-4 did not show the potentiated startle responses, and neither did the aniamls with DSP-4 plus yohimbine before test. It may thus be concluded that the no epinephine in the amygdala is necessary for the expression of fear.

자연 방사선량 중 우주선 기여 성분 정량 연구

전재식,오희필,하정우,오헌진,강인선 대한방사선 방어학회 1988 방사선방어학회지 Vol.13 No.2

자연 방사선 피폭선량 중 우주선 전리 성분의 기여를 정량하기 위하여 LiF TLD를 이용하여 약 1년반에 걸쳐 3개월 간격의 주기적 측정을 수행하였다. TLD는 세가지를 사용하였는데 그것은 칩과 PTFE원판형으로 된 두 가지의 ?LiF와 중성자 성분의 기여를 가려내기 위한 원판형의 ?LiF였다. 선량측정은 뱃지에 넣은 TLD를 충남대학교 대덕 캠퍼스의 한4층콘크리트 건물내 3층의 한 연구실에 설치한 10-15㎝ 두꼐의 납차폐 상자에 넣어서 90일 간격으로 다섯 주기 동안 수행하였다. 비교 연구를 위하여 3"Φ×3" 원통형NaI(T1) 섬광 검출기와 1024채널 MCA를 이용하여 3MeV 이상의 우주선 경성분에 대한 분광분석을 병행하였는데 그 결과 옥내 차폐체를 이용한 TLD측정치는 옥외 우주선 전리 성분의 약 75%를 측정하고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 차폐 손실을 보정한 TLD측정 결과에 의하면 충남대 대덕 캠퍼스 옥외에서 우주선 전리 성분의 기여는 34.3±1.1nGy-h¹로 나타났는데 이것은 이 측정 지점에서 예측할 수 있었던 선량 값과 매우 잘 일치하는 것이다. In order to quantify the contribution of cosmic-ray ionizing component to the dose given by natural background radiation, a series of measurement has been carried out using LiF TLDs for about one and a half years on quaterly basis. Three different types of LiF TLDs namely, chips and PTFE based disks of ?LiF, and the same disks of ?LiF for identifying possible contribution of neutron component were used. Measurements were made by placing badge-incased TLDs in a lead castle of 10 to 15㎝ thick installed in a room n the third floor of a four-story building in CNU Daedeok campus for 5 cycles of 90 days. For comparison a series of spectrometric study was also performed for the energy region over 3 MeV using a 3"Φ×3"NaI(T1) scintillation detector in association with an MCA of 1024 channels, and it was found that the data obtained by the TLDs placed in the lead castle indicate 75% of the dose given by outdoor cosmicray component. The results obtained by the TLDs through correction for shielding loss show that the outdoor dose contribution of ionizing component of cosmic rays at this campus is 34.3±1.1nGy/h which satisfactorily agrees with that expected for our particular location of measurement.

사과 腐爛病 防除를 위한 基礎調査

함승희,서영주,정은미,채선희 효성여자대학교 문리과대학 학도호국단 1984 文理大論集 Vol.4 No.-

This study was carried out to get the basic date for effective control of apple canker disease in Daegu; Chilgog, Gyeongsan, and Weolseong, which were major appleproduction districts. The relationship among occurence rate of apple canker, district, infected side of trunk, and nutrition state of apple leaf were examined. The results of the study were summarized as follows. 1. The occurence rates of apple canker were a little high in Yeongcheon and Gyeongsan district as 81.7%, 83.5% respectively, but in Chilgog district was 70.2%. 2. The occurence rates were high in Spur Early Blaze, Spur Golden and Megumi varieties as 84.8%, 87.3%, 88.6% respectively, but in Rallss Genet, Moris delicious, Starkrimson, Raritan variety were tend to lower as 69.4%-72.3%. 3. The occurence rate of free stocked tree was high as 81.8%, But in dwarf stocked tree was low as 73.8%. 4. The occurence rate was 80.7% in trunk and main blanch part, and in the east and south side of trunk. The occurence rate of apple canker was 55.7%. 5. There was significant positive correlation(r=0.516^*)between occurence rate of apple canker and N content of apple leaf, but negative correlation (r=-0.589^*) in P_2O_5 content. 6. Occurence rate of apple canker was tend to higher as the ca/Mn ratio in apple leaf was lower.

Examining Linking Item Diagnostic Tools against Noisy Data

Seon-Hi Shin(신선희) 한국교육평가학회 2011 교육평가연구 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 공통문항 비동등집단 자료수집 설계를 사용하고 라쉬모형을 이용한 동등화 과정에서 가교문항 검사도구들(예컨대, displacement, robust Z, correlation, b-plot)이 무선적으로 추측해서 써낸 학생들의 문항반응이 뒤섞여있는 분석 자료를 분석할 때 얼마나 정확히 변질된 가교문항을 찾아내는지를 조사하였다. 실제상황과 유사한 분석 자료를 만들기 위하여 미국의 국어시험(English language arts test) 자료를 통해 문항의 모수치와 학생의 능력점수의 모집분포 (population distribution)를 얻어 시뮬레이션 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과, 조사된 검사도구들 중 상관이 시험의 두 시행 사이에 특성이 변해버린 가교문항들의 존재를 탐지하는데 일관되게 중요한 역할을 하였다. 문항수준에서 사용하는 다른 검사도구들은 한정된 조건하에서만 만족스러운 수행을 보였다. 앞으로의 연구는 이 검사도구들이 다른 종류의 시험구조 (test format), 문항반응 모형, 혹은 모수치추정 방식과 함께 사용되었을 때 어떻게 기능하는지 조사할 필요가 있다. The current study examined the robustness of linking item screening tools such as displacement, robust Z, correlation, and b-plot against random guessing responses during Rasch-based equating under a common-item nonequivalent-groups data collection design. For the sake of resemblance of actual data situations, a Monte Carlo study obtained item parameters from the operational data for an externally-mandated achievement test in English language arts in the U.S. In addition, the probability distribution of true ability was estimated by adopting a nonparametric approach. The findings of the current study showed the critical role of the correlation between the fixed and estimated item difficulties of the anchor set in screening drift items regardless of the existence of random guessing responses in the analysis data. The diagnostic statistics at the anchor item level performed satisfactorily in limited conditions. Further research is needed to address the performance of the screening statistics under investigation in this study in conjunction with different types or strategies of test format, IRT model, and item parameter estimation.

Examining the Impact of Language Proficiency on Mathematis Achievement Using a High-Stakes Achievement Test

Seon-Hi Shin,Ah-Young Kim 서울대학교 언어교육원 2011 語學硏究 Vol.47 No.2

The study investigated the relationship between Korean 9th grade students’ Korean language proficiency and their math achievement using the data from the 2008 National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA) administration. It also examined the effects of various contextual characteristics surrounding schools and students on student achievement. The contextual effects were further compared between two language proficiency groups. The findings of the study showed that father’s education, amount of conversation with parents, and self-reported effectiveness of learning were positively related to student math achievement in both language groups. However, the higher language proficiency group reported higher ratings in those aspects. In addition, male students outperformed their counterparts in the test, regardless of their language proficiency level.

Effects of Ability Grouping on Students’ Attitudes toward Korean and English

Seon-Hi Shin,Seohyun Kim 서울대학교 언어교육원 2012 語學硏究 Vol.48 No.3

The study aimed to investigate the effects of ability grouping in Korean and English on students’ academic performances and their attitudes toward subjects. A multiple group analysis with a 2-level HLM was performed on large-scale data using SAS, R, Mplus, and HLM for comparison. The study showed that the effects of ability grouping on student academic achievement and student perception about curricula were ambiguous. The study also showed that Mplus and HLM produced larger standard errors of the parameter estimates than SAS and R.

[Korea's 10 Venue Cities] City of Art and Culture JEONJU : Preserving its Cultural Roots Amid Modernization

Kim Seon-hi Director of Cultural Affairs, Jeonju City The Korea Foundation 2002 Koreana (English) Vol.16 No.1