운와(芸窩) 홍중성(洪重聖)의 금강산 유람시 연구

유명석 ( Yoo Myeong-seok ) 온지학회 2024 溫知論叢 Vol.- No.78

본고는 운와(芸窩) 홍중성(洪重聖, 1668~1735)의 금강산 유람시에 대한 여타 문인들의 평가를 확인하고 이를 바탕으로 금강산 유람시 작품들을 살핀 뒤 그의 금강산 유람시가 지닌 의의를 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 운와는 정치적으로 그다지 현달하지 못했지만 문학적으로는 인정을 받았다. 운와는 17세기 말부터 18세기 조선의 시경향을 변화시키는 데 앞장섰던 삼연(三淵) 김창흡(金昌翕)에게 시를 배웠다. 최창대(崔昌大)·조유수(趙裕壽)·이병연(李秉淵)·홍세태(洪世泰) 등 당대의 명사들과 시사(詩社)를 열어 교유하였으며 이들에게 시로서 인정받았다. 이런 점으로 볼 때 운와는 문학, 특히 한시 측면에 있어서 반드시 다루어야 하는 인물이라고 할 수 있다. 더구나 18세기가 되면 농암(農巖)과 삼연을 중심으로 산수유람문학이 폭발적으로 증가하고 그 작품들은 사실성(寫實性)을 중시하는 방향으로 전개된다. 운와 역시 산수유람을 즐겼고 금강산 유람 후 당시 지은 시를 모아 <풍악록>으로 엮었다. 1722년, 운와는 금강산 유람을 다녀왔는데, 운와에게 산수유람은 자신이 가장 좋아하는 취미이자 기(氣)가 담긴 문학 작품의 창작하기 위한 한 가지 방편이었다. 그리하여 운와는 금강산 유람을 하며 지은 시를 모아 <풍악록>을 엮었는데 현재 운와의 금강산 유람시는 12제 17수가 남아 있다. 이 작품들을 보면 운와는 자신이 마주한 금강산의 장엄하고 웅장한 풍경에서 특징적인 부분을 포착하여 이를 사실적으로 묘사하거나 호방한 기세를 담아냈다. 운와의 금강산 유람시는 기본적으로 노론 계열의 농암이나 삼연의 산수 유람과 동일한 궤에 있는 것으로 보인다. 하지만 표현법을 좀 더 세부적으로 보면 소리를 배제하고 감정을 직접 드러내지는 않는다. 이 표현법은 금강산 유람시에서만이 아니라 운와의 여타 유람시에서도 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this article is to confirm the characteristic aspect of Unwa(芸窩) Hong JoongSung(洪重聖)'s poems on Geumgang mountain travel poems and to confirm the meaning of the poems on Geumgang mountain travel poems through this. Hong Joong-sung did not reach a high political position, but he was recognized literaryly. Unwa learned poetry from Samyeon(三淵) Kim ChangHyeop(金昌翕), who took the lead in changing the poetry trend of Joseon from the end of the 17th century to the 18th century. He opened poems and exchanged poems with famous people of the time such as Choi ChangDae, Jo YuSoo, Lee ByeongYeon, and Hong SeTae, and was recognized as a poem by them. In this respect, Unwa can be said to be a person who must be dealt with in terms of literature, especially Chinese poetry. Therefore, if Unwa and his literary works become known to the academic world, we can confirm the character Unwa and his specific literary works, and furthermore, we can understand the trend of Chinese poetry in the first half of the 18th century more clearly. Moreover, in the 18th century, the number of Sansu-uram literature exploded, centering on Nongam(農巖) and Samyeon, and the works are developed in a direction that values realism. Unwa also enjoyed to travel and collected the poems he wrote at the time after visiting Geumgang Mountain and weaved them into Pungakrok. In 1722, Unwa went on a tour of Geumgang Mountain, and for Unwa, travel was his favorite thing and a way to create literary works containing spirit. Thus, Unwa collected poems written during his tour of Geumgang Mountain, compiled the Pungakrok, and asked Choi SeokHang, Lee HaGon, and Hong SeTae to write a postscript, and was evaluated by Choi Seok-hang and Lee Ha-gon as realistic and spirited, respectively. Currently, 17 poems in 12 titles remain in Geumgang Mauntain travel poems. Looking at these works, Unwa captured the characteristic parts of the majestic and magnificent scenery of Geumgang Mountain he faced, depicting them realistically or capturing their grandeur. Unwa's cruise to Geumgang Mountain and his cruise poetry seem to be basically in the same trajectory as Noron's Nongam or Samyeon's landscape cruise activities. However, if you look at the expression method in more detail, you can see that it does not exclude sound or directly reveal emotions. These expressions can be seen not only in the poems of Geumgang Mountain travel, but also in Unwa's other travel poems.

국민학교 학생들의 과학에 관련된 태도와 과학 불안에 관한 연구

정병석,이명란,정진우 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1994 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between science anxiety and attitude related to the science of elementary students. To investigate the attitude, modified TOSRA and KEDI's attitude scale were used. To survey the science anxiety, modified science anxiety measurement scale was used. As the Cronbach α, the modified attitude instrument indicated 0.8 and modified anxiety instrument was 0.89. The 1,202 subjects were sampled by stratified cluster sampling method. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. Fifth grade students have significantly higher attitude scores than sixth grade students. 2. Sixth grade students have significantly higher anxiety scores than fifth grade students. 3. There was no significant difference between male and female on science related attitude and science anxiety. 4. The rural area students has significantly higher anxiety scores than large city students. 5. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between anxiety and attitude was 0.57.

소의 시상하부내에서 Vasopressin과 Oxytion분비세포의 분포에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

유명철,김종중,장인엽,문정석,정주현,김흥중,조사선 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1991 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.16 No.1

This study was done to observe the distributions of Oxytocinergic and Vasopressinergic neurons in the hypothalamus of the cow. For the immunohistochemical staining, sections were reacted with the following sequence of solutions: monoclonal anti-vasopressin and anti-oxytocin, biotinylated anti-mouse IgG, avidin-biotin peroxidase complex, and Ni-DAB. The results observed under light microscope were summarized as follows. Our immunohistochemical investigations reveal both vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons in the supraoptic nucleus(SON), paraventricular nucleus(PVN), accessory supraoptic nucleus (ASN), periventricular nucleus(PN), suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN), and arcuate nucleus(AN), but these two types of neurons were mainly distributed in the PVN and SON and the ratio of the number of vasopressinergic neurons to that of oxytocinergic neurons was 1:1.30 in the PVN, and 1:1.00 in the SON. These two types of neurons were round, oval and spindle-shaped and cell size was 30-55um.

심전도의 디지털 기록화 모듈과 개인용컴퓨터 저장/분석시스템의 개발

조명찬,김기석,배장환,연태진,김동운,이태수,전은석,김유진 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적: 현재 우리나라의 의료분야에서는 정보기술의 발전으로 처방 전달 시스템과 전자차트의 활용이 상용화 되고 있으나 병원내에서 가장 많이 처방되고 검사되는 12-유도 심전도의 디지털화와 이에 연계된 심전도 결과의 개인용 컴퓨터로의 저장, 인터넷을 이용한 병원으로의 전송이나 타 기관에서의 심전도 결과의 동시 관찰 등에 관한 기술 등은 개발되지 못한 상태이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 심전도를 디지털화하며 저장이 가능한 PC 모듈을 개발하고 심전도 결과를 병원 전산 시스템에 포함시켜 병원내외에서 편리하게 조회, 검색할 수 있는 디지털 인터페이스를 개발하려 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 낮은 전력에서 잡음특성이 우수한 대역여파기와 증폭기를 설계하였으며 각종기능이 내장된 고신뢰성 프로세서를 채택하였으며 전원 잡음이 고려된 필터와 전원 회로 설계로 하드웨어를 개발하였다. MSC 6.0과 Visual Basic 6.0을 바탕으로 하여 active X 모듈화를 유도하고 조회용 PC에서의 복원과 PACS로의 연동을 통해 순환기내과용 PACS 개발이 가능하도록 소프트웨어를 준비하였다. 결과: 심전도 검사자가 쉽게 장착, 검사가 가능한 소형화된 측정 모듈을 개발하였고 극저전류에서 동작이 가능하였으며 우수한 데이터의 압축 및 복원률을 구현하였다. 결론: 이번 심전도 디지털 모듈의 개발로 기존의 감광지에 의존하던 심전도 결과의 보존과 보관공간에 의한 경제적인 손실을 상당 부분 해결할 수 있으며 OCS에 연계된 결과로 인해 원내에서의 다면적 진료가 가능하다. 이번 연구에서 개발된 기술은 향후 디지털화된 심전도 기록장치와 같은 고부가 의료장치의 국산화와 광파일 의무기록 시스템이나 검사물의 무선 전송에 채용되어 의료 전달 체계나 응급체계의 발전에 기여하리라 사료된다. Purpose : The progressed communication technology commercialized the order communication system ( OCS) and the electric medical records( EMR) in the field of medicine in Korea. However, technologies of digitalization such as recording to personal computer, transfer to internet and simultaneous observation of electrocardiogram ( ECG) recorded at the different center were not realized yet. This study tried to invent personal computer module that can digitalize and record of the ECG and design the digital interface that can approach and search digitalized ECG in various part of hospital simultaneously. Materials and Methods : We had designed high-fidelity digital filter and amplifier which can work in very low voltage, had selected multifunctioned microprocessor. Activation X modulation was conducted by MSC 6.0 and Visual Basic 6.0. Softwares were prepared for the transfer of ECG informations from terminal PC to PACS and cardiologic PACS was designed for future application. Results : We have developed the small, portable, very low voltage managed ECG module and high quality digitalized information compression software in OCS and PACS. Conclusion : This invented ECG digital archive module can save hospital cost by substitution of ECG papers for digital storage or on-line storage, therefore ECG data can be handled in multisector of the hospital and through telemedicine. This technology can be applied to domestic ECG digitalizing device development and effective medical transfer system by adoption cordless medical information delivery.

親養子制度에 관한 考察

윤명석 圓光大學校 附設 法學硏究所 1999 法學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

소양호에서 세균수와 세균 체적의 계절적 수심별 변화

안태석,최승익,변명섭,박호완 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

To define the ecological roles of bacteria in Lake Soynng, the depth profiles of bacterial numbers and their biovolume were estimated temporally. In August, 1992, the bacterial numbers and biovolume were ranged from 12×10^(5) to 28×10^(5) cells ml^(-1) and from 0.4 to 1.0 ㎛³ cell^(-1), respectively. At 30m depth, the biovolume was highest as 1.0㎛³ cell^(-1) while the numbers were not changed. These large bacteria might be allochthonous bacteria originated from terrestrial during the heavy rain. In October, 1882, the bacterial numbers were ranged from 6×10^(5) to 17×10^(5) cells ml³ , and biovolumes at epilimnion were about 0.5 ㎛³ cell^(-1), while at metalimnion and hypolimnion, larger than 0.9 ㎛³ cell^(-1). In this time, zooplankton grazing pressure and nutrients release from sediment might affect the bacterial numbers and biovolume. In April, 1993, when Asterionella and Fragifaria were dominant species of phytoplankton only in epilimnion, the bacterial numbers were about 20×10^(5) cells ml^(-1), and biovolumes were about 0.8㎛³ cell^(-1). While at other depths, the numbers and biovolumes were smaller. These results suggest that the bacterial numbers were dynamically changed with season, while their mean cell volume were commonly stable as 0.5㎛³ cell^(-1). But by the allochthonous bacteria, organic materials released by phytoplnnkton and grazing pressure by zooplankton might increase the biovolume.

데이타베이스 시스템을 이용한 웹 자원 관리 엔진의 설계 및 구현

이명석,김진호,김상욱,유한양 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 1999 정보통신논문지 Vol.3 No.-

In this paper, we propose a web resource management engine based on general DBMSs. The web resources management engine manages the meta information describing the characteristics of resourves in a target web site. The engine extracts the meta information from HTML documents in the site and stores it into a predefined database called virtual schema. We use a general-purpose DBMS for maintaining the virtual schema. For design of the virtual schema, we model each element of HTML documents as a DBMS relation, and each attribute of an element as an attribute of its corresponding DBMS relation. We also model the link information among HTML documents as another relation. In order to merge the web and database having the virtual schema, we employ some additional tags in HTML documents, which were originally proposed in the INFORMIX WebDataBlade. Our web resource management engine has the following good features: (1) it supports dynamic changes of the web resources in a site by issuing update queries on the virtual schema, (2) it provides such searches that are based on structural characteristics of HTML documents since the virtual schema keeps the necessary information, (3) it provides the standard SQL interface for users to simply search and update the web resources, and finally, (4) it is portable to any DBMSs by just extending the gateway between the web and database since it only uses the common facilities supported by general-purpose DBMSs.

電動機의 磁束分布特性의 微視的 解析

張錫明,李殷雄,權丙一 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1984 論文集 Vol.7 No.2

In this paper, the magnetic flux distribution in and around slot-air gap-tooth region which be important fundamental data to the analysis and the design of electric machines, was microscopically studied and examined. First, Roth's method, one of classical methods, was applied to the inside region of a slot and its around was compared with the result by F.E.M which had been applied together with the development that result of two methods was very approximate. Second, It is expected that the presentation of the analysis which concerned with the characteristic of the leakage flux distribution at the region slot-airgap-tooth., of will be usable to the analysis and the design of electric machines.

수행 평가를 적용한 영어 쓰기 능력 향상 방안

송명석 한국영어어문교육학회 2002 영어어문교육 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this research is to improve the writing ability of students by an ideal test model of English writing based on strategies of procedural learning stages enhancing the level of students' writing ability. Assessment of writing in the field of English education has been limited so far to very restricted areas with no appropriate scientific scrutiny. Assessment is really meaningful only when it exactly estimates the ability of students. Since English writing competence has become indispensable in this era of global village, writing instruction should be most emphasized. The most forceful method of busting writing instruction is to utilize the so-called washback effect of testing. So, to develop a good test model of writing, the first thing that is required is to inspect writing strategy in steps and, then, testing itself. First of all, analyzed with a special reference to the 6th high school English curriculum were the goals and contents of the syllabus reflected in one kind of junior high text book and eight different kinds of senior high textbooks. The questionnaires on the whole area of writing and tendencies of English writing classes were given to 100 English teachers, 300 students. The results of questionnaires were statistically analyzed. Then, some suggestions and opinions about the questioning method were made: the procedural strategy in steps, English writing instruction and test model of assessment were applied to the syllabus referring to teaching plans. On the bases of the results of the questionnaires, three pretests and a final test of English writing were administered to verify the effect of enhanced English writing were administered to verify the effect of enhanced English writing competence which had been gradually promoted and, through the promotion, produced the test criteria of English writing. In conclusion, guidance and evaluation of English writing through in steps are really indispensable to increase student's practical ability and, accordingly, we are in need of the development of a testing method of useful writing practiced in school class above anything else. So, it is necessary to further the study on methods to assess writing ability on the bases of participation and fluency of students with their keen interste in English. Also, to intensify the effect of the test model, more accommodating reorganization of syllabus is required in our education. For instance, we need a flexible operation in organizing time units from the current 50 minutes to 100-130 minutes.

鬱血性心不全症에 對한 臨床的 觀察

徐明洙,金吉洙,金佑泰,張錫源,金承源,宋昌燮 대한적십자사 1983 적십자병원지 Vol.10 No.2