Antispasmodic Effects of Junsibaekchul-San In Vivo and In vitro

Hur, Jin-Il,Byun, Joon-Seok,Kim, Dae-Jun The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and T 2010 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.24 No.1

In Vivo and In vitro antispasmodic effects of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San, a Traditional Korean Polyherbal Medicineconsisted of 7 types of herbs were observed in the present study. To clarify the effects of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San, on accelerating small intestinal movement induced by the stimulation of cholinergic neurotransmission, we evaluated the effects of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San on In vivo carbachol (an acetylcholinergic agent)-accelerated mice small intestinal transit and on In vitro contractions induced by low-frequency electrostimulation, KCl, histamine or acetylcholine using isolated guinea pig ileum. To induce the acceleration of mice small intestinal transit, Carbachol 1 mg/kg was once subcutaneously dosed 15min before last administration of the test drugs. In the present study, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg or domperidone 20 mg/kg were orally pretreated on the carbachol-accelerated mice small intestinal transit once a day for 7 days and the small intestinal transit rateof activated charcoal powder were monitored. In vitro assays, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San1, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mg/ml or domperidone $2{\times}10^{-5}M$ were treated 10min before ileal contraction was induced by filed stimulation, acetylcholine, KCl and histamine, and the % changes of contractions were observed compared to the treatment of inducer alone. In spontaneous contraction, the % changes of contractions were observed compared to treatment of vehicle alone at 10min after Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San or domperidone treatment. The efficacy of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San was compared to those of domperidone. High concentration, 1 mg/ml of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San was found to decrease the spontaneous contraction of the isolated guinea-pig ileum. In addition, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San decrease contractions induced by electrostimulation, acetylcholine, histamine and KCl in the isolated guinea-pig ileum. In addition, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San effectively inhibited the accelerated small intestinal movement induced by carbachol stimulation of cholinergic neurotransmission in In vivo. Based on the results, although the exact molecular or action mechanism and which herbs or compound in Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San are responsible for actions, it was concluded that Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San normalization in the accelerated intestinal motility might be interfere with a variety of muscarinic, adrenergic and histaminic receptor activities or with the mobilization of calcium ions required for smooth muscle contraction non-specificly. Therefore, it is expected that Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San will be promising as a prescription of clinical treatment of digestive tract disorders such as accelerated the motility of intestine, diarrhea or intestinal painful contractions.

Study on Aging Effect of Adhesion Strength Between Polyimide Film and Copper Layer

Seok‑Bon Koo,Chang‑Myeon Lee,Sang‑Jun Kwon,Jun‑Mi Jeon,Jin‑young Hur,Hong‑Kee Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.1

This paper experimentally confirmed that the adhesion strength of the copper layer formed on the surface of the polyimidefilm by wet plating greatly changes with the aging time. The adhesion strength of the copper layer showed a rapid increasefrom 4 to 10 h after aging had begun and then converged to a value without a significant change. The adhesion enhancementbetween polyimide film and copper layer by aging is due to the interlocking effect caused by the volume expansion of copperoxide (CuO) formed in the polyimide, the increased mobility of copper particles enlarged by the decrease of impuritiesin the copper layer grain boundaries, and the consequent change of the crystal structure of the copper layer leading to theinternal stress reduction. Such adhesion improvement can be confirmed by the progress of the cohesive failure indicatingthe breakdown of the polyimide film.

Numerical Analysis of Radio‑Frequency Inductively Coupled Plasma Spheroidization of Titanium Metal Powder Under Single Particle and Dense Loading Conditions

Jun‑Seok Nam,Eonbyeong Park,Jun‑Ho Seo 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.4

In order to allow more practical prediction of RF (radio-frequency)–ICP (inductively coupled plasma) spheroidizationresults of titanium metal powder, numerical analyses under single particle and dense loading conditions were carried outand the results were compared. First, both of the numerical results for Ar inductively coupled plasma with the power levelof 30 kW revealed that the injected particles can experience not only spheroidization by melting, but also size reduction byevaporation. In addition, this size reduction was found to strongly depend on the initial sizes of the injected particles, due tothe relatively short heating time. For example, the 100 μm Ti particles were computed to hardly experience size reduction byevaporation regardless of feeding rates. However, relatively small Ti particles < 100 μm can be rapidly heated up to boilingpoints during the short flight of plasma, resulting in the size reduction by the surface evaporation. In particular, numericalresults under dense loading condition showed that the final sizes of these small Ti particles can be changed depending onthe feeding rate. For example, a single 60 μm Ti particle was calculated to be a 51 μm spherical Ti particle due to the excessiveheating. However, with the increase of feeding rate up to 1.0 kg/h, the final sizes of the as-treated Ti powder couldbe improved to 55 μm due to the plasma temperatures decreasing through complicated plasma–particle interactions. Bypredicting the relationships between the feeding rates and the initial diameters of Ti powders at a given plasma power level,numerical modellings under single particle and dense loading conditions can help in optimizing the RF–ICP spheroidizationprocess of titanium metal powder.

Numerical Analysis on Crack Generation Behavior of Hypo Peritectic Steel in Continuous Casting Process

Jun‑hyun Jo,Min‑seok Park,Kyung‑woo Yi 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.11

Hypo peritectic steels exhibit a high possibility of longitudinal crack during continuous casting. Therefore, many researchershave studied the mechanisms of crack generation in hypo peritectic steel. Stress in solidified shell, or volume contractionwith small liquid fractions were suggested as the mechanisms of crack generation. A new model was developed for predictingpossibility of crack generation by calculating strain rates in solid, volume contraction rate during solidification, and theprobability of liquid unfilling in continuous cooling processes. The results show that massive transformation from the δphase to the γ phase, and peritectic transformation during solidification can be the main crack generation mechanisms. Furthermore,a linear relationship exists between the amount of undercooling for peritectic transformation (dTp) and the carboncontent of the boundary for dividing the two crack generation mechanisms. Additionally, the longitudinal crack ratios ofthe field results are analyzed through strain rates in solid and liquid unfilling possibilities. Relative positions in the range ofhypo peritectic steel and effective carbon contents are suggested to analyze the crack ratio of steels with alloying elements. This analysis shows that the results obtained from the new models for crack generation possibility are usable, and dTpcangenerate the behavioral differences in crack generation according to the conditions.

품종별 감꽃 동결건조 분말의 유효성분 분석

김준한 ( Jun Han Kim ),박석희 ( Seok Hee Park ),문혜경 ( Hye Gyeong Mun ),이인선 ( In Seon Lee ),김종국 ( Jong Kuk Kim ) 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2006 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.13 No.6

감 품종별(도근조생, 고종시, 갑주백목, 차랑, 월하시, 상주둥시)로 감꽃을 개화기에 채취하여 동결건조 분말화한 감꽃분말에 함유된 유효성분을 분석, 비교하였다. 조지방 함량은 도근조생이 57.26%로 가장 높은 값을 보였으며, 유리당 조성은 fructose가 95~310 mg%, glucose는 75~281 mg%, sucrose가 7~28 mg%의 함유량을 나타내었고, 유기산 중 malic acid가 갑주백목(6월4일)에 225 mg%로 가장 많았고, tartaric acid도 189 mg%로 가장 많았다. 유리아미노산 중 hydroxy-L-proline은 월하시에 25.33 mg%, L-citrulline은 상주둥시(5월28일)가 58.83 mg%, L-threonine은 상주둥시(5월28일)가 11.88 mg%로 가장 많았다. 페놀산으로 caffeic acid는 갑주백목(6윌4일)이 1946 μg/100 g, phydroxybenzoic acid는 상주둥시(5월29일)가 417.8 μg/100 g, protocatechuic acid는 갑주백목(6월1일)이 181.1 μg/l00 g으로 가장 많았다. 따라서 감꽃에도 감이나 감잎에 못지않게 유용한 식품성분들과 기능성 성분들이 다량 함유되어 있어 새로운 식품 및 기능성 신소재로서의 가치가 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. This study was carried out to analyze useful components in freeze-dried persimmon flower powder made from six cultivars. The cultivars were Dogunjosang, Kojongsi, Kabjubaekmok, Chalang, Weolhasi and SangjuDungsi. Powder of persimmon flower was prepared by milling after freeze drying at -70℃. Crude lipid was the highest in Dogunjosang (57.26%). Major free sugars of the persimmon flowers were fructose (95~310 mg%), glucose (75~281 mg%)and sucrose (7~28 mg%). Major organic acids were malic acid (225 mg% in Kabjubaekmok (Jun. 4th)) and tartaric acid (189 mg% in Kabjubaekmok (Jun. 4th)). Predominant free amino acids were hydroxy-L-proline(25.33 mg% in Weolhasi), L-citrulline (58.83 mg% in SangjuDungsi (May 28th)) and L-threonine (11.88 mg% in SangjuDungsi (May 28th)). Major phenolic compounds in the persimmon flowers were caffeic acid (1,946 μg/100g in Kabjubaekmok (Jun. 4th)), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(418 μg/100g in SangjuDungsi (May 29th)) and protocatechuic acid(181 μg/100g in Kabjubaekmok(Jun. 1st)). The results suggest that persimmon flowers be potential materials as useful food ingredients.

비쥬얼패스맵을 이용한 운동처방 과정 시각화

함준석(JunㅡSeok Ham),정찬순(Chan-Soon Jeong),고일주(Il-Ju Ko) 한국멀티미디어학회 2011 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.14 No.9

‘새침하다’류 단어의 사전 뜻풀이와 단어 구조 분석

홍석준(Hong, Seok-Jun) 한국어문학회 2017 語文學 Vol.0 No.137

The purpose of this article is to argue that the literal definitions of a word group of ‘새침하다(saechimhada)’ should be further expanded and reified, and to explain the structure and the word formation of the word group. First of all, I compared the literal meaning of the ‘새침하다(saechimhada)’ suggested in the dictionary to understand the relationships between the diverse meanings. Further, I defined the primary meaning of the expression of ‘새침하다(saechimhada)’, and suggested adding ‘the cold attitude toward others’ to the literal definition of the word group of ‘새침하다(saechimhada)’. This study also analyzed the ‘-름하다(-leumhada)’ words, and identified ‘-음(-eum)’ and ‘-으름(-euleum)’ as the root derivational suffixes. The expressions of ‘새치름하다(saechileumhada)’ and ‘시치름하다(sichileumhada)’ respectively stemmed from ‘새침하다(saechimhada)’ and ‘시침하다(sichimhada)’ by the anology of applying a set of ‘X-하다(X-hada):X름-하다(Xleum-hada)’. This article enriches our understanding of the root derivational suffixes of ‘-하다(-hada)’ as a native sensory adjective and suggests that the definitions of native sensory adjectives in the Korean dictionary should be elaborated and developed in the future.

Organic Solar Cells: Solution‐Processable Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Novel Alternative to PEDOT:PSS Hole Transport Layers for Highly Efficient and Stable Polymer Solar Cells (Adv. Mater. 42/2011)

Yun, Jin‐,Mun,Yeo, Jun‐,Seok,Kim, Juhwan,Jeong, Hyung‐,Gu,Kim, Dong‐,Yu,Noh, Yong‐,Jin,Kim, Seok‐,Soon,Ku, Bon‐,Cheol,Na, Seok‐,In WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Materials Vol.23 No.42

<P>Solution‐processable reduced graphene oxide as a hole‐transporting layer for highly efficient and stable organic solar cells is reported on page 4923 by Dong‐Yu Kim, Seok‐In Na, and co‐workers. Introduction of a newly reduced graphene oxide by simple solution processing into solar cells dramatically raises the cell efficiency and cell life‐time. The results will allow full use of chemically reduced graphene and will advance the realization of carbon‐based printable optoelectronic devices. </P>

동절기 신관리 석실고분 내부의 온·습도 분포특성

전용두,이금배,김홍기,고석보 공주대학교 문화재보존과학연구소 2004 문화재과학기술 Vol.3 No.1

개방된 고분의 장기보존은 조상의 얼이 담긴 문화재를 길이 후손에 물려주어야 하는 우리들의 시대적 사명이라 할 수 있다. 그런데 고분 내부의 공기조화를 필요로 하는 경우 설비측면에서 고분내부의 공기조화 문제를 검토한 사례는 그 동안 많지 않았다. 특히 고분 내부환경에 관한 온·습도 자료는 매우 제한적으로 알려져 있는 상태이다. 본 연구는 고분의 공기조화와 관련하여 부하산정 등의 기초자료로 활용하기 위한 고분내부의 온·습도자료를 원격측정 기술을 적용하여 획득한 결과를 소개하며, 이를 통하여 고분내부의 실내환경 조건에 대한 일반의 이해를 돕고, 더 나아가 공조기 설치에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 측정 연구대상은 충남 공주시 신관동에 소재한 신관리석실고분(충청남도 기념물 제 7호)으로서 백제후기의 횡혈식 석실고분으로서 현실의 크기는 폭 1.25m, 깊이 2.73m 그리고 높이 1.50m이며, 현실입구는 개방된 상태에서 실내 5채널 및 실외공기에 대하여 각각 온도와 습도를 측정하였으며, 본 본문에서는 동절기(12월부터 다음 해 3월까지)의 자료를 소개한다. In recent years the importance of the preservation of cultural artefacts like ancient tombs has been widely accepted domestically and internationally as the quality of life improves. However not much attention has been paid for the facilities and systems to preserve those artefacts. Even the general understanding of the preservatory environment of the underground space as tombs is poor. In the present study, the temperature and relative humidity inside a selected artefact, Shinkwan-ri tomb, are monitored to improve the understanding of the indoor thermal environment, which may possibly be used when one consider air-conditioning for preservation. Total of 12 channel data are collected by using remote data acquisition system based on the cdma(Code Division Multiple Access) technology. Three-month-data representing winter season is reported with discussions.

정신과 입원환자에서의 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도와 공격행동

전태연,도규영,정종현,권용실,김석범 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

목 적 : 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도와 자살 등의 공격행동간의 연관성에 관한 여러 연구가 있었으나 일치된 결과를 보이고 있지 못하다. 이에 저자들은 다양한 진단의 정신과 입원 환자들 중 공격행동을 보인 환자의 콜레스테롤 농도를 정상 한국 성인에서의 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 성별, 연령별 평균 및 표준편차와 percentile분포에 맞추어 공격행동 및 자살시도와 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도간의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구는 1994년 1월 1일부터 1995년 6월 31일까지 18개월간 카톨릭대학교 의정부성모병원 정신과 병동에 입원하였던 환자 중 콜레스테롤 농도를 얻을 수 있었던 127명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환자는 공격행동의 유무에 따라 공격군과 비공격군으로 분류하여 공격군 35명과 비공격군 92명의 자료를 얻었으며, 공격군은 Overt Aggression Scale을 사용하여 평가하였다. 측정된 각 환자의 콜레스테롤 농도는 정상 한국 성인에서의 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 성별, 연령별 평균 및 표준편차와 percentile분포에 맞추어 4개의 군으로 나눈 후 공격행동 발생비율, 자살시도간의 차이를 알아보았다. 또한 공격행동을 보인 군에서도 각 콜레스테롤군 간의 총 공격 점수를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) 각 콜레스테롤군 간의 공격행동 발생비율에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2) 공격군에서 각 콜레스테롤군 간의 총 공격 점수는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) 각 콜레스테롤군 간의 자살시도 빈도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 정신과 입원 환자의 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도를 정상 한국 성인에서의 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 성별, 연령별 평균 및 표준편차와 percentile분포에 맞추었을 때 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도와 공격행동 및 자살시도에 유의한 연관이 없었다. Objectives : An association between serum cholesterol concentration and violent behavior has been suggested, but has not been consistently demonstrated. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the relation between serum cholesterol concentration and violent behavior in psychiatric inpatients who had been admitted at Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea from January 1994 to June 1995. Methods : We divided the 127 subjects into violent(35 subjects) and non-violent group(95 subjects). According to the percentile distribution of serum total cholesterol in healthy Korean adults, the subjects were classified into four subgroups : Group 1, subjects Whose cholesterol concentrations were below 26% of percentile distribution, Group 2, from 26% to 50%, Group 3, 51% to 75% and Group 4, above 75%. In the four cholesterol subgroups, the authors examined the incidence of violent behaviors and suicidal attempts. Within the violent group, total aggression score of four cholesterol subgroups was compared. Results : 1) Among the four cholesterol subgroups, there were no significant differences in the violent behavior. 2) Within the violent groups, total violent score of the four cholesterol subgroups showed no significant difference. 3) Among the four cholesterol subgroups, there were no significant differences in suicidal attempt. Conclusion : When the serum cholesterol concentrations of psychiatric inpatient applied to the percentile distribution of serum total cholesterol in healthy Korean adult, no association was found between serum cholesterol concentration and violent behavior and suicide attempt.