강우시 저수지 유입구간에서의 유사이송특성 해석

이종석,송부호,임영수 한밭대학교 건설안전기술연구소 2002 건설안전기술논문집 Vol.2 No.-

This study aims to analyze for a sedimentation distribution and a transport characteristics in inflow reaches of reservoir with rainfall. Study watershed in alluvial river system selected as a drainage area with Walha of small-river in Yunkee-Gun, Chungnam Province. Field measured technical method by the ASM(Argus Surface Meter)-Ⅳ offers various complementary results which provide to be extremely useful, for instance in sediment concentration and total sediment analysis, comparison variation of water pressure and temperature in measuring points. Measured sampling data analyzed for the hydraulic characteristics on the distribution of sediment concentration, temperature, water pressure, and total sediment discharge by the ASMA divided entirely, two or three into equal parts at the scales of measuring time and flow depth, respectively. As a results, effective analysis method show that three and two proportions at measuring time and flow depth scales, respectively, and the quantitative analysis proceed to use the plane coordinate system in deriving with the relationship of various parameters. By the analysis of plane coordinate system, sediment concentration distributions at the inflow reaches of reservoir of the rainfall periods show that increase with water temperature variation on the conditions in constant of discharge and flow velocity.

영아 급성 출혈설 부종 1례

나보미,이진석,하태선,윤태영 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2004 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.14 No.1

영아 급성 출혈성 부종 (acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy, AHEI)은 4개월에서 2세 사시의 소아에서 주로 얼굴과 사지에 국한된 염증성 부종과 특징적인 자반성 피부 병변을 보이는 백혈구 파쇄성 혈관염으로, 내부 장기의 침범 없이 급성의 피부 병변을 보이며 대게 1-3주 내에 자연 치유되는 양성질환이다. 이 질환은 비슷한 임상양상이나 조직소견을 보이는 다양한 질환들과의 감별이 필요한데, 특히 소아에서는 Henoch-Schonlein 자반증과의 감별이 특히 중요하다. 이에 저자들은 자반성 피부병변과 얼굴과 사지의 부종 등의 특징적 피부증상과 피부 병리소견을 통하여 AHEI로 진단한 17개월 남아 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a variant of leukocytoclastic vasculitis which is characterized by edema and pupuric skin lesions involving mainly the face and extremities. However, there is usually no visceral involvement. The onset of the disease is acute but self-limited, bearing a benign clinical course within 1 to 3 weeks. The main differential diagnosis of AHEI is Henoch-Schonlein purpura. We report a 17-month old boy with AHEI presenting purpuric skin lesions, edema on face and extremities, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis on skin pathology.

인장력을 받는 ㄱ형강 접합부의 감소계수 U값에 관한 연구

표영석,윤성호,나승욱,신영록,김보영,최문식 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

This study focuses on the inspect of effective net area design code, according to limited state design criteria of steel structures, recently established in Korea, by an experiment on the joint of angle tension members on the ground. reduction factor. The methods of this study were to compare other study results on effective net area rupture mode and ultimate capacity, and to evaluate the propriety of the criteria design code. The result is that code in force limited state design criteria of steel structures and AISC-LRFD joint of angle tension members predicted load and experiment depend on ultimate capacity difference. Therefore, it is thought that there is need for supplemental test and study to effective net area of tension joint focused on bolted connection of angle.

Sol-Gel 법에 의한 SnO_2의 물성 및 센싱 특성

박보석,홍광준,김호기,박진성 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.6

초기 물질은 SnCl_2 · 2H_2O와 C_2H_5OH를 사용하여 sol-gel 법으로 제조된 SnO_2 미세 분말의 제반 물성과 전기적 센싱 특성에 대하여 검토하였다. Gel 분말은 sol을 72시간과 168시간 숙성(aging) 시킨 후 120℃에서 건조하여 제조하였다. 600 ℃ 이하에서는 휘발성 물질이 제거되면서 SnO_2 상이 증가하고, 700℃/30min 열처리로 SnO_2 상 생성은 거의 완결된다. 입자 크기는700℃ 이하에서 30nm 이하로 유사하고 입도 분포도 좁았다. 전기적 성질 측정을 위한 시편은 후막법으로 알루미나 기판위에 제조하였다. 공기 중의 전도성은 450℃ 부터 반도성 세라믹스의 진성(intrinsic) 거동을 보이고, 200-450℃ 구간에서는 SnO_2 입자 표면에서의 산소흡착에 기인해서 전도성 변화가 작았다. 환원성 CO 기체에 대한 응답성, 회복성 그리고 감도 특성은 숙성일자 증가로 향상되었다. Fine particles of SnO_2 were fabricated by the sol-gel powder processing using tin(Ⅱ) chloride dihydrate(SnCl_2 · 2H_2O) and ethanol(C_2H_5OH) as raw materials. The powders were investigated about the properties and electrical sensing. Gel powders were fabricated by drying of sol at 120℃ after aging 72hrs and 169hrs. The amount of SnO_2 phase was increased below 600℃ due to the elimination of volatile components, and the SnO_2 phase was almost completed by the heat treatment at 700℃ for 30min. The grain sizes were about 30nm below 700℃, and it showed the narrow distribution of the grain sizes. The specimens to measure electrical properties were fabricated by the thick film screen printing technique on the alumina substrates. The conductance of SnO_2 was showed the intrinsic behavior of semiconducting ceramics above at 450℃. The constant conductance was observed in the temperature range of 200~450℃. The sensing properties of response time, recovery, and sensitivity of CO were improved with aging time.

의약품중 잔류유기용매 시험법 확립에 관한 연구

고용석,강찬순,최보경,김혜수,홍정희,최명신,김상현,장성재,김길수 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

Headspace-GC(딘5-GC)를 이용하여 ICH 잔류웅매 가이드라인 class 1, 2에 속하는 28종의 잔류유기웅매 분석방법을 연군한 결과 SPB-5, BB-WAX column을 동시 이용하여 각각을 확인, 정량할 수 있었다.또한 염의 참가효과, 평형시간,평형온도가 headspace분석에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과 평형 시간 30분,평형온도 85℃,Na₂SO₄Ig을 첨가하여 시험할 때 최적 부넉조건을 나타내었다. 회수율은 1,1-achloroethene(68.3%)를 제외하고 90.9 ~ 114.5%로 패체적으로 양호하였다. 따로 HS-GCJECD, DB-524 column을 이용하여 9종의 잔류유기용매에 대하여 각각의 검랸선을 작성하고 검출한계를 구하였다. 실제 의약품 원료 10종및 제제 5종에 적용시킨 결과 모두 불검출되었으며 본 시험법은 의약품중의 잔류유기용매 분석에 적용할 수 있는 방법이라고 판단된다. The headspace-fC/FID(HS -GC/FID) method was performed for test method developnlent of residu;31 organic solvents in pfrarmaceuticals. Using SPB-S and BB-WAXcolumn, 28 kinds of solvents iri ICH residual sof)·ents guidetine class 1, 2 couBd be individuallt-identified and quantitated. The foIBowing residoal soIYents were not detected by the headspaceinjection condition : N,N-Cmethylacetamide, N,N-dimeth)rlformamide, ethyfeneglycol, formamide,2-methoryethanot, N-rnethylpyrrolidone, suBforane. The effects of the addition of salts,equilibration time, and equilibration temperature on headspace analt·sis were invesugated. Theoptimum conditions weiFe obtained with addtion of Ifa2s04 19 as a salt, simultaneously. thetime and temperature of equitibration were 30min and 8i'f, respectivety. The recovery havefound between 90.9 and 114.5% except 1,1-dichloroethene(fi8.3%). Using DB-624 column &HS-GC/:ECD method, 9 kinds of residual solvents could be individually identified andfuantitated. This HS-GC method can be applied to test the residua3 organic solvent in thepharmaceuticals.

算數·自然 統合敎科 分析 및 指導硏究

姜錫虞,成濟鉉,徐成輔,朴成澤 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 1982 科學敎育硏究 Vol.7 No.-

This study is an analysis and a plan for the improvement on a teaching method, a development of the teaching instruments in integrated subject of mathematics and natural science called "Inquiring Life". Thus this study is summarized as follows: (1) An analysis of the integrated textbook. ① The proportion of the time required for teaching mathematics and natural science is 2:1 in our curriculum. However, in the practical guide book of the Inquiring Life, it has been investigated that the time allotted for mathematics is 12 periods more than the time allotted for natural science, furthermore its significant difference is to appear in x^2=3.86 (p<0.05). ② It has been found that there is a meaning of the integration in the first-term text-book, because the quantity of the contents which is integrated in it is 48.7% of the whole. But there is a problem which must be corrected in the second-term textbook, because such quantity is merely 25.6% of the whole. ③ The time required for teaching a field "figures" was 12 periods (9.2%) of the whole in the textbook of the third revised curriculum (1973). However, since the time required for it in the new textbook is only 2.5 periods (2.0%), this is to show a significant difference in x^2=4.62 (p<0.05). ④ It is because of a emphasis on the problem-solving that the time required for teaching the field "relations" has increased more than that of the preceding textbook. ⑤ There is some resistance in "a reclassification of the shaped boards" and "a learning for preservation of a quantity" to construct a possibility of the learning achievment. ⑥ It is found that the contents and the expressions of the integrated textbook is suitable for our pupils, because, in a questionary investigation for their appropriateness, a significant difference is to appear in x^2=9.49 (p<0.05). (2) The teaching method of the integrated textbook. The integrated teaching method is verified to be effective for a group of the dull pupils by showing a significant difference with CR_M=1.99 (p<0.05). (3) A development of the teaching instruments in the integrated textbook. The integrated teaching instruments that are considered to be a interest of pupils, a acceleration of thoughts, a economic condition, a exactness, a convenience, a firmness and anewness, are efficient for our pupils. (4) An estimation for the integrated textbook. An integration of the curriculum and the revision of the form the pupils' cumulative records are demanded in order to get the good estimations for the integrated concepts.

SnO_2-ZnO 계 후막센서 구조에 따른 CO 감지 특성

박보석,홍광준,김호기,박진성 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.3

CO 기체 감지 특성을 향상시키기 위해서 3 mol% ZnO를 첨가한 SnO_2와 3mol% SnO_2를 첨가한 ZnO의 적층 형태를 변화시켜 연구하였다. 적층 구조는 단일층, 복층, 그리고 이종층 구조로 후막 인쇄법을 사용하여 제작하였다. SnO_2-ZnO계에서 제 2상은 발견되지 않았다. 전도성은 SnO_2에 ZnO를 첨가하면 감소하고, ZnO에 SnO_2를 첨가하면 증가하였다. 측정 온도증가와 CO 기체 유입으로 전도성은 증가하였다. 단층 및 복층의 후막센서 구조의 감도 향상은 없었으나, SnO_2 -3ZnO-ZnO · 3SnO_2·substrate 구조의 이종층 센서의 감도는 향상되었다. 센서 구조에 관계없이 I-V 변화는 모두 직선성을 나타내서 Ohmic 접합 특성을 이루고 있었다. The sensing properties of carbon monooxide were investigated as a function of mixing ratio and the lamination structure of 3mol% ZnO-doped SnO_2 and 3mol% SnO_2-doped ZnO. The lamination structures were fabricared monolayer, double layer, and hetero layer of SnO_2, ZnO, and theirs mixture composition using thick film process. There was no second phase by the reaction of SnO_2 and ZnO. The conductance was decreased by the addition of ZnO in SnO_2, but it was increased with the addition of SnO_2 in ZnO. The conductance was increased with temperature and the inlet of CO. There was no improvement of sensitivity in the structure of mono- and double-layer. The hetero-layer structure, however, of SnO_2 · 3ZnO-ZnO · 3SnO_2 showed the higher resistivity and the highest sensitivity. Ohmic characteristics was confirmed by the linear properties for I-V measurements.

Expansin 유전자를 이용한 담배의 형질전환과 형질전환체 선발

백승준, 김보미, 장종오, 엄유리, 석영선, 이이 충북대학교 연초연구소 2008 煙草硏究 Vol.21 No.-

-본문참고-

개인의의 개방병원 참여에 대한 의견

김석범,권굉보,강복수,김기홍 한국의료QA학회 1998 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.5 No.1

A mailed survey with structured questionnaire was conducted to study the demand of private physicians who were operating their own clinics in the community to be a attending physician at the general hospital. The responding proportion was 21.6 percent of the 960 private physicians. A total of 207 responders : 65.2 percent wanted to be a attending physician. In particular, the physicians who were male, young, surgeon and teaching hospital careered after specialist were more highly motivated. The major activities what they wanted as a attending physician were medical care for the admission patients. They responded that the hospital charges for the medical services and the responsibility of malpractice issues should be fairly shared by attending physician and hospital according to their contributions. There is growing consensus that the need of attending physician at the general hospital will become wide spread, but little organizational preparation to assure the quality of medical care of attending physicians including training of resident physicians and students. In addition, the effective reimbursement system should be develop to compensate appropriately according to the medical achievement of the attending physicians.

제 3형 급성 견봉-쇄골 관절 분리 환자의 수술적 치료 결과

한성호,양보규,이승림,정선욱,이동호,김민석 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 본 연구를 통하여 Rockwood 제 3형 급성 견봉-쇄골 관절 분리 환자에서 Phemister 술식과 modified Phemister 술식의 치료 결과를 비교하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1992년 2월부터 2001년 8월까지 제 3형 급성 견봉-쇄골 관절 분리로 수술적 치료를 받고 1년 이상 추시 가능하였던 45명, 45예의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 평균 연령은 28.1세였으며, 남자가 42명, 여자가 3명이었다. 진단은 이학적 검사와 단순 방사선 부하 촬영법을 이용하였으며, 수상일로부터 수술적 치료까지의 평균 기간은 7.8일이었다. 술장 소견상 오구-쇄골인대 봉합술이 어려운 15예에서는 Phemister 술식을 시행하였고 (Ⅰ군), 인대 봉합이 가능한 30예에서는 modified Phemister 술식을 시행하였다(Ⅱ군). 수술 후 추시 기간은 평균 16.2개월이었고, 결과 판정은 최종 추시 때의 임상 소견과 이학적 검사 및 방사선 촬영을 통해 UCLA shoulder scoring system과 acromio-clavicular separation scoring system을 이용하였다. 결과 : 술후 합병증은 Ⅱ군에만 표재성 감염이 2예, K-강선 이주가 1예에서 발생하였다. 최종 추시상 전예에서 동통, 관절 운동 범위의 제한은 없었고 , Ⅱ군에서만 방사선 촬영상 2예에서 아탈구가 관찰되었다. UCLA shoulder scoring system은 Ⅱ군에서 우수 93.3%, 양호 6.7%였고, acromio-clavicular shoulder scoring system은 Ⅱ군에서 우수 90%, 양호 10%였다. 결론 : 활동적인 연령에서 발생한 제 3형 급성 견봉-쇄골 관절 손상의 환자에서 Phemister 술식만으로도 좋은 결과를 보일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare the Phemister technique with the modified Phemister technique for the patients with Rockwood type 3, acromio-clavicular separation. Materials and Methods : The 45 cases of 45 patients received surgical treatment for Rockwood type 3, acute acromio-clavicular separation in our hospital from Feb. 1992 to Aug. 2001 later with the follow-up study were selected as subjects. The average ages were 28.1 years old, male and female were 42, 3 persons, respectively. Physical examination and plain radiography were used for their diagnosis and the intervals between injury and surgical treatment were 7.8 days. In intraoperative finding, we performed Phemister technique in 15 cases according not to be able to repair coraco-clavicular ligament (groupⅠ), modified Phemister technique in 30 cases according to be able to repair that (groupⅡ). The average follow up period was 16.2 months, and the UCLA shoulder scoring system and the acromio-clavicular separation scoring system were used to obtain clinical results. Results : Only in Group Ⅱ, the complication after surgery were associated with superficial infection in two cases and K-wire migration in one case. At last follow up, there were no pain and limitation of range of motion in all cases, and two cases in Group Ⅱ were found to be subluxation in radiography. Clinical results revealed excellent was 93.3%, good was 6.7% in UCLA shoulder scoring system in both groups, and excellent was 90%, good was 10% for group Ⅱ in acromio-clavicular separation scoring system. Conclusion : The results are considered to be food with only Phemister technique in type 3, acute injury occurred in working ages.