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Park, Yeo-Ul,Jung, Jong-Hyun,Seo, Dong-Ho,Jung, Dong-Hyun,Kim, Jae-Han,Seo, Ean-Jeong,Baek, Nam-In,Park, Cheon-Seok Elsevier 2018 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.114 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Desulfurococcus amylolyticus</I> is an anaerobic and hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon that can use various carbohydrates as energy sources. We found a gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 57 amylolytic enzymes (DApu) in a putative carbohydrate utilization gene cluster in the genome of <I>D. amylolyticus</I>. This gene has an open reading frame of 1,878 bp and consists of 626 amino acids with a molecular mass of 71 kDa. Recombinant DApu (rDApu) completely hydrolyzed pullulan to maltotriose by attacking α-1,6-glycosidic linkages, and was able to produce glucose and maltose from soluble starch and amylopectin. Although rDApu showed no activity toward α-cyclodextrin (CD) and β-CD, maltooctaose (G8) was detected from reaction with γ-CD. The highest activity of rDApu was measured at pH 5.0 and 95 °C. The half-life of rDApu was 12.7 h at 95 °C and 27 min at 98 °C. Interestingly, rDApu was able to transfer a maltose unit to 6-<I>O</I>-α-maltosyl-β-CD via transglycosylation. Structure analysis using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed that the new transglycosylated products were 6<SUP>1</SUP>, 6<SUP>4</SUP>-di-<I>O</I>-maltosyl-β-CD and 6<SUP>1</SUP>, 6<SUP>3</SUP>, 6<SUP>5</SUP>-tri-<I>O</I>-maltosyl-β-CD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> GH57 amylopullulanase from <I>Desulfurococcus amylolyticus</I> (DApu) was characterized. </LI> <LI> DApu exhibits not only hydrolysis activity but also transglycosylation activity. </LI> <LI> Branched cyclodextrins were formed by transfer of a maltose unit by DApu. </LI> </UL> </P>
Characteristic alterations of gut microbiota in uncontrolled gout
ul-Haq Asad,Lee Kyung-Ann,Seo Hoonhee,Kim Sukyung,Jo Sujin,고경민,Moon Su-Jin,Kim Yun Sung,Choi Jung Ran,Song Ho-Yeon,Kim Hyun-Sook 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.12
Microbiome research has been on the rise recently for a more in-depth understanding of gout. Meanwhile, there is a need to understand the gut microbiome related to uric acid-lowering drug resistance. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-based microbiota analysis was performed for a total of 65 stool samples from 17 healthy controls and 48 febuxostat-treated gout patients (including 28 controlled subjects with decreased uric acid levels and 20 uncontrolled subjects with non-reduced uric acid levels). Alpha diversity of bacterial community decreased in the healthy control, controlled, and uncontrolled groups. In the case of beta diversity, the bacterial community was significantly different among groups (healthy control, controlled, and uncontrolled groups). Taxonomic biomarker analysis revealed the increased population of g-Bifidobacterium in healthy controls and g-Prevotella in uncontrolled patients. PCR further confirmed this result at the species level. Additionally, functional metagenomics predictions led to the exploration of various functional biomarkers, including purine metabolism. The results of this study can serve as a basis for developing potential new strategies for diagnosing and treating gout from microbiome prospects.
Jin Seo Cho,Ta Ul Cheong,Halbert White 한국계량경제학회 2011 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.22 No.2
We study the properties of the likelihood-ratio test for unobserved heterogeneity in duration models using mixtures of exponential and Weibull distributions proposed by Cho and White (2010). As they note, this involves a nuisance parameter identified only under the alternative. We apply the asymptotic critical values in Cho and White (2010) and compare these with Hansen’s (1996) weighted bootstrap. Our Monte Carlo experiments show that the weighted bootstrap provides superior asymptotic critical values.
Pluronics: Intelligent building units for targeted cancer therapy and molecular imaging
Khaliq, Nisar Ul,Park, Dal Yong,Yun, Byeong Min,Yang, Da Hye,Jung, Yong Woo,Seo, Jae Hong,Hwang, Chang Soon,Yuk, Soon Hong Elsevier 2019 International journal of pharmaceutics Vol.556 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Pluronics are triblock copolymers, in which two hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) blocks are connected via a hydrophobic poly propylene oxide (PPO) block. Because of their low molecular weight and high content of PEO, Pluronics have demonstrated the micellization phenomenon, which is dependent on temperature and/or concentration. With an understanding of micellization phenomenon in more detail, information on the morphology, micelle core radius, aggregation behavior with critical micelle concentration (CMC) and critical micelle temperature (CMT) and so on has been revealed. Based on this acquired information, various studies have been performed for biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems, tissue regeneration scaffolders, and biosurfactants. This review discusses the delivery of small molecules and macromolecules using Pluronic-based NPs and their composites.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Assembly of polymer micelles through the sol-gel transition for effective cancer therapy
Khaliq, Nisar Ul,Oh, Keun Sang,Sandra, Febrina Carolina,Joo, Yeonhee,Lee, Juhyung,Byun, Youngro,Kim, In-San,Kwon, Ick Chan,Seo, Jae Hong,Kim, Sang Yoon,Yuk, Soon Hong Elsevier 2017 Journal of controlled release Vol.255 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Photo-induced apoptosis-targeted chemotherapy (PIATC) was designed and characterized to propose a new protocol for improved chemotherapy. Intratumoral injection was selected as the mode of administration of the anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX). To extend the retention time of DOX at the tumor parenchyma, <I>in-situ</I> gel formation was induced through the sol-gel transition of the Pluronic NPs containing a prodrug of DOX or a photosensitizer. The prodrug (DEVD-S-DOX) was designed to be inactive with a peptide moiety (Aspartic acid-Glutamic acid-Valine-Aspartic acid: DEVD) linked to DOX and to be cleaved into free DOX by caspase-3 expressed with apoptosis. For reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis, photo-irradiation with methylene blue (MB, photosensitizer) was utilized. The sol-gel transition of the Pluronic NPs containing reactive species, DEVD-S-DOX or MB, was examined by measuring the cloud point and the gel strength in response to temperature change. ROS-mediated apoptosis was observed by measuring the ROS and membrane integrity with induced apoptosis. The <I>in vivo</I> antitumor efficacy of PIATC was measured with a cardiotoxicity assay in tumor-bearing mice.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Topical 0.03% Tacrolimus for Treatment of Pemphigus Erythematosus in a Korea Jindo Dog
BHANG, Dong-Ha,CHOI, Ul-Soo,JUNG, Yun-Chan,KIM, Min-Kyu,CHOI, Eun-Wha,SEO, Kyoung-Won,KANG, Min-Soo,HWANG, Cheol-Yong,KIM, Dae-Yong,YOUN, Hwa-Young,LEE, Chang-Woo Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2008 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.70 No.4
<P>Topical 0.03% tacrolimus was used for treatment of a Korea Jindo dog diagnosed with pemphigus erythematosus. The dog was slowly improved following application of tacrolimus but did not achieve complete remission until end of this study. No adverse effects on clinical or laboratory parameters were noted during the topical tacrolimus therapy period.</P>
EEG 신호의 채널 간 동시적 활성화와 뇌의 기능적 연결성
서원두(Won-Doo Seo),윤한얼(Han Ul Yoon) 한국지능시스템학회 2020 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.30 No.6
외골격 로봇은 다양한 산업분야에서 사용되고 있으며, 보행 기능을 부분적으로 또는 완전히 상실한 뇌졸중 환자들을 위한 로봇 재활의 특수 목적으로 사용된다. 하지만 로봇 재활을 통해 점진적으로 환자의 보행 기능이 회복될 때, 각 회복 단계를 메트릭으로 정량화하기는 쉽지 않다. 이 단계를 정량적으로 보일 수 있다면, 로봇 보행 재활에 있어 재활 강도를 단계적으로 조절하고 환자 맞춤형 훈련 프로토콜을 제공하는데 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 현재의 환자 보행기능 상태를 정량적으로 나타낼 수 있는 메트릭을 EEG에 기반하여 정의할 수 있는 가능성을 보기 위해, 로봇을 이용한 보행 재활 중 측정된 EEG에서의 event-related potential(ERP)과 채널간 동시적 활성화의 가시화 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법의 핵심은 somato-sensory cortex와 prefrontal cortex에서의 ERP를 탐지하고, 해당시간에서의 EEG 채널간의 동시적 활성화 정도를 그래프 표현으로 가시화하여, 보행 재활을 수행하는 동안의 뇌의 기능적 연결성을 분석하는 것이다. 결론적으로, 제안한 방법론에 따라 얻어진 기능적 연결성 그래프를 기반으로, 일반인 대비 환자의 유사도를 나타내는 메트릭을 정의하여 환자들의 보행기능 회복 상태를 정량적으로 보여줄 수 있다. Exoskeleton robots have been used in a broad range of industrial fields; for rehabilitation purpose, they have also been utilized for patients such as stroke survivors who entirely or partially lost a gait functionality. It is difficult, however, to quantify each recovery stage in terms of explicit metrics while the patients’ gait function are regained gradually. If each recovery stage can be metric-quantified, we can provide the patients with patient-customized rehabilitation training protocol as well as optimally regulated rehabilitation stages. Therefore, we propose a systemic way to visualize the event related potential(ERP) and corresponding simultaneous inter-channel activation of EEG signals being measured while a patient is performing robot-assisted rehabilitation training, which can show us a feasibility to derive metrics based on the visualized features. The key idea of the proposed way is to detect ERP from the EEG channel related to somato-sensory cortex and prefrontal cortex respectively, and represent the simultaneous inter-channel activation of EEG signals at where the ERP is detected by a graph model, which in turn investigates a brain functional connectivity while performing the robot-assisted gait rehabilitation. As a result, we can quantitatively present the recovering stage of patient’s gait fuction by defining a similarity metric between the intact and the stroke-survived based on the brain functional connectivity graph.