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High performance maleic acid based oil well scale inhibitors—Development and comparative evaluation
Balasubramanian Senthilmurugan,Bisweswar Ghosh,Siva Sanker 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.3
Scale formation in industrial systems is an important engineering problem that leads to decreased system efficiencies, increased frequency of chemical cleaning and an increased number of outages due to metal integrity failure. In order to minimize the formation of scale deposits, threshold scale inhibitor treatments are common practice in an industry. This paper describes synthesis, characterization and comparative evaluation of two low molecular weight maleic acid copolymers as potential calcite scale inhibitors. GPC, FT-IR and thermal analyzers were employed for molecular characterization; scale inhibition efficiency was studied through static jar test, dynamic tube block method, iron dispersing ability test and through electrochemical technique such as electrochemical impedance technique. SEM analysis demonstrated inhibited and un-inhibited crystal morphology. Complete scale inhibition was possible at a low dose of 20–25 ppm throughout the test regime.
Fatma Saeed AlQahtani,Mashael Marzouq AlShebly,Marimuthu Govindarajan,Sengamalai Senthilmurugan,Periasamy Vijayan,Giovanni Benelli 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1
Botanical-based nanosynthesis has been recently reported as a cheap alternative for mosquito management. In this study, we investigated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf extract of Rubus ellipticus and AgNPswere characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEMand EDX analyses. The toxicity of R. ellipticus leaf extract and AgNPs was evaluated against eggs, larvae and adults of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Compared to the leaf aqueous extract, biosynthesized AgNPs showed higher toxicity against the mosquito larvae with LC50 values of 12.50, 13.83 and 15.09 μg/mL, respectively. AgNPs exerted zero hatchability at 60, 75 and 90 μg/mL on A. stephensi, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. Concentrations of 12–60 μg/mL reduced egg laying by gravid females from72.28 to 91.48%.Maximumadulticidal efficacywas observed for AgNPs,with LD50 values were 21.10, 23.04 and 25.06 μg/mL, respectively. AgNPs were found safer to non-target organisms Anisops bouvieri, Diplonychus indicus and Gambusia affinis, with LC50 values ranging from 896 to 2261 μg/mL. Overall, R. ellipticus-fabricated AgNPs acted as effective toxic agents and ovideterrents against three important mosquitoes species, with little harmful effects on non-target aquatic species.
Raja Mohamed Sait Thameem Azarudeen,Marimuthu Govindarajan,Mashael Marzouq AlShebly,Fatma Saeed AlQahtani,Abubucker Amsath,Sengamalai Senthilmurugan,Periasamy Vijayan,Giovanni Benelli 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2
Mosquito-borne diseases represent a major human and animal health problem in all tropical and subtropical countries worldwide. The synthesis of eco-friendly metal nanoparticles is a fast-growing branch of current nanoscience with a number of biomedical and entomological implications. In this study, we investigated the one-pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using a cheap leaf extract of Merremia emarginata (Convolvulaceae). Bio-reduced Ag NPs were characterized by UV–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. SEM, TEM and AFM morphological nanocharacterization showed that this synthesis led to the production of size-controlled Ag NPs, ranging from 25 to 65 nm. The acute toxicity of M. emarginata leaf extract and biosynthesized Ag NPs was evaluated against third instar larvae of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, the dengue and Zika virus vector Aedes aegypti and the filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus. Compared to the leaf aqueous extract, Ag NPs showed higher toxicity against A. stephensi, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus with LC50 values of 8.36, 9.20 and 10.02 μg/mL, respectively. M. emarginata-fabricated Ag NPs were found safer to non-target aquatic biocontrol agents Anisops bouvieri, Diplonychus indicus and Gambusia affinis, with LC50 ranging from 415.61 to 25,153.46 μg/mL. However, although it has been proven the AgNPs fabricated in the present study are more effective if compared to the crude M. emarginata extract, they still exert some toxicity on biocontrol agents, thus further research is required to produce more eco-friendly formulations for field purposes.