Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health Policy: A Review in Malaysia

( Mohd Nasir Selamat ),( Mukhiffun Mukapit ) 한국정책학회 2013 한국정책학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.2

Occupational safety and health (OSH) related problems were getting attention even though several actions have been taken. Yet, in Malaysia, studies show that occurrence of safety and health related problems are critical. Major OSH problems refer to injuries and occurrence accidents as well as health diseases amongst workers. Unhealthy work environments, excessive workloads, and lack of knowledge about OSH proved as the lack implementation of OSH policy at work. As a result, these lead to downsize workers` performance at work. Thus, study aims to reveal the implementation OSH policy in Malaysia, in particular, to investigate OSH awareness of organization in Malaysia while implementing OSH policy at work. References are made on related studies, which present implementation of OSH policy at work. Related model and theories that indicate the significant of implementation OSH policy also were review. The result shows that, implementation OSH policy at work in Malaysia still rare amongst organizations. Moreover, study on the effectiveness of OSH policy in the organization is very limited. Study also found that lack of awareness of OSH at work leads to workplace accidents, other safety, and health related problems. Therefore, government enforcement is required while implementing OSH policy at work. Providing knowledge training, safety campaign and encourage to build safety culture amongst superiors will enhance a good quality of implementation of OSH policy at work. Penalties also obligatory to organization, which are, not execute OSH policy at work. Finally, it will help to ensure employees` safety and health would lead to sustain their performance in the long run.

Safety Policy in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): Reviewing the Implementation in the ASEAN Countries

( Mohd Nasir Selamat ),( Siti Fardaniah Ab Aziz ),( Mukhiffun Mukapit ) 한국정책학회 2016 한국정책학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

Characteristics of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that have limitations in occupational safety and health`s (OSH) knowledge, budget, and experience have proveked poor environment and exposed their employees to a wide range of OSH risks. These emerging OSH problems have led to workers difficulties in sustaining their work efficiency. Hence, the purpose of this study is to promote the importance of OSH implementation in sustaining their work efficiency. Hence, the purpose of this study is to promote the importance of OSH implementation in the SMEs, especially to investigate OSH awareness among SMEs in the ASEAN countries. To this end, a comprehensive and integrative literature review of the OSH policy implementation in the ASEAN countries among SMEs which were published between the year of 2000 and 2016 was investigated; the present models and theories of OSH policy among SMEs were also reviewed. The cross-reference method was used to find related publication that appeared in peer-revieved journals within the enclosure characteristics; it was also focused on the high index and ISI journals as main references. Result indicated that the implementation of OSH policy in the SMEs were still rare; in which, empirical studies of OSH policy`s effectiveness among the SMEs were very limited. Study also found that the lacks of OSH`s effectiveness among the SMEs were very limited. Study also found that the lacks of OSH`s awareness at work have led to workplace injuries and accidents, exposed to various types of disease, and offered unhealthy working environment. In addition, results also revealed that most SME`s owenr-managers have been ignoring the OSH risks at work. SMEs did not implement the safety concept at workplace due to numerous obstacles expecially cost-budget problem. Therefore, government enforcement and penalties are essential to SMEs, especially for those that were not executing OSH policy at work. Providing knowledge training, safety campaign, and encouragement to sustain and implement safety culture and policy will reduce the management risks and guarantee a good quality of OSH for the workers.

Ontology-Based, Process-Oriented, and Society-Independent Agent System for Cloud Computing

Fathalipour, Mahmood,Selamat, Ali,Jung, Jason J. Taylor & Francis 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWOR Vol.2014 No.-

AVOIDITALS: Enhanced Cyber-attack Taxonomy in Securing Information Technology Infrastructure

Syafrizal, Melwin,Selamat, Siti Rahayu,Zakaria, Nurul Azma International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.8

An operation of an organization is currently using a digital environment which opens to potential cyber-attacks. These phenomena become worst as the cyberattack landscape is changing rapidly. The impact of cyber-attacks varies depending on the scope of the organization and the value of assets that need to be protected. It is difficult to assess the damage to an organization from cyberattacks due to a lack of understanding of tools, metrics, and knowledge on the type of attacks and their impacts. Hence, this paper aims to identify domains and sub-domains of cyber-attack taxonomy to facilitate the understanding of cyber-attacks. Four phases are carried in this research: identify existing cyber-attack taxonomy, determine and classify domains and sub-domains of cyber-attack, and construct the enhanced cyber-attack taxonomy. The existing cyber-attack taxonomies are analyzed, domains and sub-domains are selected based on the focus and objectives of the research, and the proposed taxonomy named AVOIDITALS Cyber-attack Taxonomy is constructed. AVOIDITALS consists of 8 domains, 105 sub-domains, 142 sub-sub-domains, and 90 other sub-sub-domains that act as a guideline to assist administrators in determining cyber-attacks through cyber-attacks pattern identification that commonly occurred on digital infrastructure and provide the best prevention method to minimize impact. This research can be further developed in line with the emergence of new types and categories of current cyberattacks and the future.

Separation of Nicotine Enantiomers using GC-MS with Chiral Column

김연수,서지형,서지혜,손영구,김정권 한국분석과학회 2022 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.5

Evaluation of the Performance of a Micromethod for Measuring Urinary Iodine by Using Six Sigma Quality Metrics

Husniza Hussain,Norhayati Mustafa Khalid,Rusidah Selamat,Wan Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon 대한진단검사의학회 2013 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.33 No.5

Background: The urinary iodine micromethod (UIMM) is a modification of the conventional method and its performance needs evaluation. Methods: UIMM performance was evaluated using the method validation and 2008 Iodine Deficiency Disorders survey data obtained from four urinary iodine (UI) laboratories. Method acceptability tests and Sigma quality metrics were determined using total allowable errors (TEas) set by two external quality assurance (EQA) providers. Results: UIMM obeyed various method acceptability test criteria with some discrepancies at low concentrations. Method validation data calculated against the UI Quality Program (TUIQP) TEas showed that the Sigma metrics were at 2.75, 1.80, and 3.80 for 51±15.50μg/L, 108±32.40 μg/L, and 149±38.60 μg/L UI, respectively. External quality control (EQC)data showed that the performance of the laboratories was within Sigma metrics of 0.85-1.12, 1.57-4.36, and 1.46-4.98 at 46.91±7.05 μg/L, 135.14±13.53 μg/L, and 238.58±17.90μg/L, respectively. No laboratory showed a calculated total error (TEcalc)<total allowable error (TEa) for the low concentration level; all laboratories showed an acceptable performance for the medium-high level, and two laboratories showed an acceptable performance for the high level. When calculated against the Ensuring the Quality of UI Procedures (EQUIP) TEas, the performance of all laboratories was≤2.49 Sigma metrics at all concentrations. Only one laboratory had TEcalc<TEa for the medium-high and high concentrations. Conclusions: UIMM showed unacceptable performance for the iodine deficiency levels and variable performance at other concentrations according to different TEas.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their Bioaccessibility in Meat: a Tool for Assessing Human Cancer Risk

Hamidi, Elliyana Nadia,Hajeb, Parvaneh,Selamat, Jinap,Razis, Ahmad Faizal Abdull Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.1

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are primarily formed as a result of thermal treatment of food, especially barbecuing or grilling. Contamination by PAHs is due to generation by direct pyrolysis of food nutrients and deposition from smoke produced through incomplete combustion of thermal agents. PAHs are ubiquitous compounds, well-known to be carcinogenic, which can reach the food in different ways. As an important human exposure pathway of contaminants, dietary intake of PAHs is of increasing concern for assessing cancer risk in the human body. In addition, the risks associated with consumption of barbecued meat may increase if consumers use cooking practices that enhance the concentrations of contaminants and their bioaccessibility. Since total PAHs always overestimate the actual amount that is available for absorption by the body, bioaccessibility of PAHs is to be preferred. Bioaccessibility of PAHs in food is the fraction of PAHs mobilized from food matrices during gastrointestinal digestion. An in vitro human digestion model was chosen for assessing the bioaccessibility of PAHs in food as it offers a simple, rapid, low cost alternative to human and animal studies; providing insights which may not be achievable in in vivo studies. Thus, this review aimed not only to provide an overview of general aspects of PAHs such as the formation, carcinogenicity, sources, occurrence, and factors affecting PAH concentrations, but also to enhance understanding of bioaccessibility assessment using an in vitro digestion model.

Effect of Foliar and Root Application of Silicon Against Rice Blast Fungus in MR219 Rice Variety

Abed-Ashtiani, Farnaz,Kadir, Jugah-Bin,Selamat, Ahmad-Bin,Hanif, Ahmad Husni Bin-Mohd,Nasehi, Abbas The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2012 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.28 No.2

Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr [teleomorph] is one of the most devastating diseases in rice plantation areas. Silicon is considered as a useful element for a large variety of plants. Rice variety MR219 was grown in the glasshouse to investigate the function of silicon in conferring resistance against blast. Silica gel was applied to soil while sodium silicate was used as foliar spray at the rates of 0, 60, 120, 180 g/5 kg soil and 0, 1, 2, 3 ml/l respectively. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design. Disease severity and silicon content of leaves were compared between the non-amended controls and rice plants receiving the different rates and sources of silicon. Silicon at all rates of application significantly (${\alpha}$ = 0.05) reduced the severity of disease with highest reduction (75%) recorded in treatments receiving 120 g of silica gel. SEM/EDX observations demonstrated a significant difference in weight concentration of silicon in silica cells on the leaf epidermis between silicon treated (25.79%) and non treated plants (7.87%) indicating that Si-fertilization resulted in higher deposition of Si in silica cells in comparison with non-treated plants. Application of silicon also led to a significant increase in Si contents of leaves. Contrast procedures indicated higher efficiency of silica gel in comparison to sodium silicate in almost all parameters assessed. The results suggest that mitigated levels of disease were associated with silicification and fortification of leaf epidermal cells through silicon fertilization.

Black-box testing of practical movie recommendation systems: A comparative study

Lee, Namhee,Jung J., Jason,Selamat, Ali,Hwang, Dosam National Library of Serbia 2014 Computer science and information systems Vol.11 No.1

Using Gravitational Search Algorithm to Support Artificial Neural Network in Intrusion Detection System

Amin Dastanpour,Suhaimi Ibrahim,Reza Mashinchi,Ali Selamat 한국산학기술학회 2014 SmartCR Vol.4 No.6

Currently network security researchers are focusing on intrusion detection systems. The effectiveness of a Gravitational Search Algorithm in optimizing the results of an Artificial Neural Network is investigated for attack detection in an intrusion detection system. The KDD CUP ‘99 dataset is used in this study for achieving the ANN results. The results are presented before applying the GSA, and they are compared with optimal results after the GSA has been applied.