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$In_2Se_3$와 $Cu_2Se$를 이용한 $CuInSe_2$박막제조 및 특성분석
허경재,권세한,송진수,안병태,Heo, Gyeong-Jae,Gwon, Se-Han,Song, Jin-Su,An, Byeong-Tae 한국재료학회 1995 한국재료학회지 Vol.5 No.8
CdS/CuInSe$_2$태양전지의 광흡수층인 CuInSe$_2$박막을 In$_2$Se$_3$와 Cu$_2$Se 이원화합물을 precursor로 하여 진공증발법으로 제조하였고 특성을 분석하였다. 먼저 유리기판위에 0.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 In$_2$Se$_3$를 susceptor온도를 변화시켜가면서 증착한 결과 40$0^{\circ}C$에서 가장 평탄하고 치밀한 박막이 형성되었다. 그 위에 Cu$_2$Se$_3$를 진공증발시켜 증착함으로써 in-situ로 CuInSe$_2$박막을 형성시키고 In$_2$Se$_3$를 추가로 증발시켜 CuInSe$_2$박막내에 존재하는 제 2상인 Cu$_2$Se를 제거시켰다. 이 경우 susceptor온도가 $700^{\circ}C$ 일때 미세구조가 가장 좋은 CuInSe$_2$박막이 형성되었으며 약 1.2$\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께에서 약 2$\mu\textrm{m}$의 결정립크기와 (112) 우선배향성을 가졌다. 추가 In$_2$Se$_3$양이 증가함에 따라 CuInSe$_2$박막의 조성편차보상으로 hole 농도가 감소하고 전기 비저항이 증가하였고, optical bandgap은 거의 일정한 값인 1.04eV의 값을 가졌다. Mo/유리기판 위에 증착한 CuInSe$_2$박막도 유리기판 위에 증착한 박막과 비슷한 미세구조를 가졌으며, 이 박막을 토대로 ZnO/CdS/CuInSe$_2$/Mo 구조를 갖는 태양전지 구현이 가능할 것으로 생각된다. CuInSe$_2$this films as a light absorber layer were fabricated by vacuum evaporation using In$_2$Se$_3$and Cu$_2$Se precursors and their properties were analyzed. Indium selenide films of 0.5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thickness were first deposited by vacuum evaporation of In$_2$Se$_3$ on a Corning 7059 glass substrate. The films deposited at suscepor temperature of 40$0^{\circ}C$ showed a flat surface morphology with densely Packed grain structure. CuInSe$_2$films directly formed by evaporating Cu$_2$Se on the predeposited In$_2$Se$_2$films also showed a very flat surface when the susceptor temperature was $700^{\circ}C$. Cu$_2$Se, a second phase in the CuInSe$_2$film, was removed by evaporating additional In$_2$Se$_3$on the CuInSe$_2$film at $700^{\circ}C$. The grain size of 1.2${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thick CuInSe$_2$, film was about 2${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and the film had a (112) preferred orientation. As the amount of deposited In$_2$Se$_3$increased, the electrical resistivity of CuInSe$_2$films increased because of the decrease of hole concentration. But the optical band gap was almost constant at the value of 1.04eV, The CuInSe$_2$film grown on a Mo/glass substrate had a similar smooth microstructure compared to that on a glass substrate. A solar cell with ZnO/CdS/CuInSe$_2$/Mo structure may be realized based on the above CuInSe$_2$films.
Development of a prediction model for bothersome stress urinary incontinence after prolapse surgery
( Se Gyeong Joo ),( Sung Young Lee ),( Myung Jae Jeon ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-
Objective: To develop a prediction model for bothersome stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after prolapse surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 708 women who underwent prolapse surgery for pelvic organ prolapse quantification stage 2-4 prolapse and had SUI data available 1 year after surgery. Bothersome SUI was defined as bothersome symptoms (“moderately” or “quite a bit” response to the question regarding SUI on the Urogenital Distress Inventory-6) and/or subsequent anti-incontinence surgery 1 year after index surgery. To construct a prediction model, we performed stepwise variable selection using logistic regression model and measured the area under the curve (AUC) using R software. To avoid overfitting and apply internal validation, ten-fold cross-validation was applied. Results: Postoperative bothersome SUI occurred in 113 women (16%). A model containing five predictors (vaginal parity ≥4, diabetes mellitus, subjective urinary incontinence, apical prolapse surgery, and mid-urethral slings) showed excellent performance for predicting bothersome SUI (AUC 0.79, 95% confidence intervals 0.75-0.82) and significantly more accurate than prolapse-reduction stress test-based midurethral sling model and a previously developed prediction model (p<0.01). Conclusion: We successfully developed a prediction model for bothersome SUI after prolapse surgery. External validation will be required to verify its utility in clinical practice.
드로잉 가공 성형폭약용기의 강판절단성능에 관한 수치해석적 연구
민경조 ( Gyeong-jo Min ),박훈 ( Hoon Park ),오세욱 ( Se-wook Oh ),박세웅 ( Se-woong Park ),석철기 ( Chul-gi Suk ),조상호 ( Sang-ho Cho ) 대한화약발파공학회 2018 화약발파 Vol.36 No.3
지진 및 예기치 못한 외부하중에 의하여 손상된 구조물의 경우, 2차적인 국부손상 및 이로 인한 붕괴가 발생할 수 있어 발파해체공법에 의한 철거가 우선시 고려되고 있다. 특히 철재로 이루어진 교량 및 구조물의 경우 성형폭약을 이용한 발파해체기법이 적용되어 오고 있다. 최근에는 구리판을 드로잉 가공한 성형폭약용기에 상용폭약을 장전하여 두꺼운 철판을 절단하는 발파공법이 제안되었다. 본 연구에서는 LS-DYNA 동해석소프트웨어를 이용하여 드로잉 가공 성형폭약용기와 상용폭약을 적용한 25mm 두께의 철판 절단실험발파를 모사하고 절단형상 및 깊이를 비교분석하여 적용구성모델의 입력변수를 결정하였다. 해석모델을 이용하여 폭약의 종류, 구리라이너의 두께, 이격거리의 변화에 따른 철판 내 관통깊이 및 관통 폭을 분석하였다. Locally damaged structures caused by earthquake or extraordinary external forces have been required to rapidly be dismantled because of its possibility of additional collapses. Particularly, steel frame structures were demolished by the shaped charge blasting method. Recently a research suggested a shape charge blasting technique which uses bent-shaped charge holder of copper plate and emulsion explosive charge to cut thick steel plates. This study simulated the cutting performance of the bent-shaped charge holder with considering types of explosives, thickness of copper liner and stand-off distances using LS-DYNA software. The shape charge blasting test of a 25mm thickness steel plate were used to calibrate the input parameters of the numerical models. The penetration depth and penetration width were analysed with different types of explosives, thickness of copper liner and stand-off distances.