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박종렬,이재훈 경북대학교 사범대학부속 중등교육연구소 2003 중등교육연구 Vol.51 No.2
The purpose of this study is to investigate customer satisfaction of Deagu's schooling. The questionnaires of customer satisfaction were used to collect data. The content of questionnaires are 6 parts(educational objectives, people, educational, material, and financial resource, and outputs). The population of this study to investigate customer satisfaction were students, parents and teachers in kindergarten, elementary school, middle school, general high school, vocational high school in Daegu. To measure the mean of groups and test the differences of level of significance among four or five groups utilized F-test. As a post-test, scheffe´ test was conducted. The following results are drawn from data analysis: First, students` satisfaction of elementary school were above average, but those of middle school, general high school, vocatiana1 high school were average level. Second, parents' and teachers' satisfaction of kindergarten and elementary school were above average, but those of middle school, general high school, vocational high school were average level. For better improving the customer satisfaction of Daegu's schooling should implement customer satisfaction regularly, construct school evaluation system, conduct effective school movement and make school charter.
Budget Execution (2015-2016) in Myanmar
Yangon School of Political Sci(편집자) 재단법인 동아시아연구원 2016 EAI 스페셜 리포트 Vol.- No.-
In the budget monitoring and participatory budget project of the East Asia Institute, the Yangon School of Political Science has undertaken a study entitled “Myanmar Budget Execution for the 2015-2016 Fiscal Year”. There are four sections in this project: “Budget Formulation”, “Budget Approval”, “Budget Execution” and “Budget Oversight”. But YSPS’ chosen topic of “Budget Execution” is too huge and broad to study in a confined period of time, so the YSPS research team narrowed down the topic to “Budget Execution in Education Construction in 2015-2016 Fiscal Year”. In this short report, we sought to identify how the government executes the budget and the nature of the flow of money from the very start to ground level construction sites. Another aim of our research is to shed light on the fact that we, the people, are still excluded in all phases of the budget process.
Han, Deog Hwa,Person, Paul G,Baillie Thomas A. 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1990 약학 논총 Vol.4 No.-
Four isotopically labelled analogs of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl) glutathione(SMG), the glutathione conjugate of methylisocyanate, and three isotopically-labelled derivatives of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl) cysteine (SMC), the corresponding cysteine adduct, have been prepared by reaction of glutathione and cysteine, respectively, with [1-^13C]-, [3-^13C]-, [3-14^C]- or [3, 3, 3-^2H_3]methylisocyanate. The latter species, which served as key intermediates in the syntheses, were obtained either by reaction of [1-^13C]acetylchloride with sodium azide [to give [1-^13C]methylisocyanate), or by reaction of silver cyanate with iodomethane labelled with ^13C, ^14C or deterium (to give the methyl-substituted compounds). Condensation of labelled methylisocyanate with glutathione or cysteine proceeded smoothly and in high yield in aqueous acetonitrile solution, and afforded the target conjugates in high isotopic purity. The structures of the products were confirmed by fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry (FAB / MS / MS) and by ^1H- and ^13C-NMR spectroscopy.
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, S,Ng Faye Yu Ci,Huang Yilun,HR Bin Abd Razak 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.6
Study Design: A systematic review.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of coexisting lumbar spondylosis (LS) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which has clinical implications on the screening, diagnosis, and management of orthopedic patients.Overview of Literature: Due to current global health trends, the number of affected patients is expected to increase substantially. However, no prior systematic reviews have discussed this topic.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in June 2021 in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Clinical and epidemiological studies that reported quantitative data on the prevalence of coexisting LS and KOA were included. Studies which reported data on only LS or KOA alone were excluded. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for LS or KOA were retrieved or calculated for meta-analysis. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were used, and statistical significance was considered when <i>p</i><0.05. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and the <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> statistic. Risk of bias was assessed using the MINORs (methodological index for nonrandomized studies) criteria.Results: This review included nine studies (5,758 patients). Four studies (4,164 patients) defined KOA and LS by a Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade of ≥2 and were included in the meta-analysis. Two other studies defined KOA and LS by a joint space narrowing grade of ≥2. The remaining three studies reported other outcomes. The combined ORs of having KOA of KL grade ≥2 due to LS was 1.75 (95% CI, 1.22–2.50; <i>p</i>=0.002), while the combined OR of having LS of KL grade ≥2 due to KOA was 1.84 (95% CI, 1.23–2.77; <i>p</i>=0.003).Conclusions: In patients with either KOA or LS, the odds of having a concurrent knee-spine presentation are significantly increased. This may have implications for clinical decision-making and treatment strategies. Further high-level studies with larger patient populations are required to confirm these results in specific populations.