Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) Leaf Extract Exerts In Vitro Antimicrobial and In Vivo Anticolonizing Activities Against Shigella dysenteriae 1 (NT4907) .and Shigella flexneri 2a (2457T) in Induced Diarrhea in Suckling Mice

Sayani Mukherjee,Hemanta Koley,Soumik Barman,Soma Mitra,Sanjukta Datta,Santinath Ghosh,Debjyoti Paul,Pubali Dhar 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.9

In this study, the extract of a green leafy vegetable Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) was evaluated for its in vitro antibacterial and in vivo anti colonizing effect against common intestinal pathogenic bacteria. Methanolic extract (80%)of Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) leaf contained a polyphenol content of 910 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight and the yield was 8%. The flavonoid content was 2.353 g quercetin equivalent per 100 g of the extract. In vitro studies indicated that the extract inhibited numerous pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25922), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25923), Shigella dysenteriae 1 (NT4907), Shigella flexneri 2a (2457T), Shigella boydii 4 (BCH612), and Shigella sonnie phase I (IDH00968). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against E. coli (ATCC 25923) was minimal (0.08 mg/mL), whereas MIC against S. flexneri 2a (2457T) was higher (0.13 mg/mL). A suckling mouse model was developed which involved challenging the mice intragastrically with S. flexneri 2a (2457T) and S. dysenteriae 1 (NT4907) to study the anticolonization activity. It was revealed that the extract was more potent against S. dysenteriae 1 (NT4907) as compared to S. flexneri 2a (2457T). It was also found that simultaneous administration of extract along with bacterial inoculums promoted good anticolonization activity. Significant activity was observed even when treated after 3 h of bacterial inoculation.

Artificial Sensory Head

Sayani Manna 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.11

This paper proposes a novel approach to prepare an Artificial Sensory Head which can recognize senses (speech, vision) and change its facial expression according to it. These are basic human expressions like happy, sad, angry, fear, surprise and disgust.The ASH receives input from user which may be in the form of speech or image. On receiving input from user of the system the type of emotion is detected. A bit pattern corresponding to each emotion is set. This generated bit is sent to the target application through usb port. The microcontroller is programmed with the logic to activate the driver at the end. In our methodology, in the end a face model is implemented as driver. This face model has some optical device which is placed at the positions where change would occur during change in facial expressions. These locations are identified from pre determined motion vector of still images and optical devices are placed accordingly. On detection of emotion, an impulse is sent to these optical devices and the ones placed at the points which changes during change in facial expression would glow denoting the direction and location of change in emotions. All throughout the process, we have an face model that can be activated by speech and image.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of lutein from yellow maize (Zea mays) kernels: process optimization based on lutein content, antioxidant activity, and x-6/x-3 fatty acid ratio

Sayani Pal,Paramita Bhattacharjee 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.6

Yellow maize kernels were subjected to supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction to obtain a lutein-rich extract with potential nutraceutical properties. SC-CO2 extraction parameters (pressure and temperature) were optimized by employing a full-factorial (32) design of experiments and response surface methodology, based on yield of lutein, antioxidant activity, andx-6/x-3 fatty acid ratio of the extracts. A Chrastil equation was also developed for predicting the solubility of lutein in SC-CO2 under different extraction conditions. The optimized extraction condition was obtained at 500 bar, 70 C for 90 min, at which the extract was found to possess a unique combination of the highest lutein yield (275.00 ± 3.50 lg/g of dry weight), along with a well-balanced x-6/x-3 fatty acid ratio (3:1). Moreover, the total phenol content and antioxidant activity were also found to be the highest at this condition. This lutein-rich extract is a promising nutraceutical or dietary supplement in the food industry.

Characterization of transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) over-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana Related to ABAinsensitive3( ABI3)/Vivparous1 (AtRAV1) and AtABI5 transcription factors: improved water use efficiency through altered guard cell physiology

Justin G. Fiene,Sayani Mallick,Amandeep Mittal,Christian Nansen,Lauren Kalns,Jane Dever,Gregory A. Sword,Christopher D. Rock 한국식물생명공학회 2017 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.11 No.5

We investigated select transgenic lines of Gossypium hirsutum that over-express AtRAV1 or AtABI5 transcription factors. The hypothesis is that these lines have enhanced responses to abscisic acid (ABA) resulting in greater water use efficiencies (WUE). We measured leaf surface temperatures (LST), stomatal density, absolute and relative sizes of guard cell apertures, and ABA concentrations in cotyledons. We characterized transgene protein expression and activities in transient assays in Nicotiana benthamiana, in transgenic cotton seeds by immunoblot and by endogenous expression in leaves of an effector of ABA responses (GhDREB). AtRAV11-1-5 and AtABI51-1-1 over-expression lines had trends of lower levels of ABA in well-watered and drought-stressed cotyledons, and all events tested had higher leaf stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rates under drought in greenhouse, and lower LSTs than control Coker 312 under drought stress conditions. Notably, AtRAV11-1-5 cotyledons had significantly higher stomatal densities and 26% smaller guard cell apertures than Coker 312 under drought stress, providing a plausible explanation why LSTs across lines were lower concordant with smaller stomatal apertures. These traits may contribute to intrinsic WUE and assimilate traits of larger leaf areas and longer boll fibers previously shown in these and several independent AtRAV1 and AtABI5 events in the greenhouse and field. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that over-expression of AtRAV1 results in an ABA-hypersensitive phenotype manifest as reduced expression of endogenous GhDREB effector, and lower levels of endogenous ABA in cotyledons associated with greater reductions in pore apertures during stress and increased stomatal density.

Computational Optimization of Bioanalytical Parameters for the Evaluation of the Toxicity of the Phytomarker 1,4 Napthoquinone and its Metabolite 1,2,4-trihydroxynapththalene

Gopal, Velmani,AL Rashid, Mohammad Harun,Majumder, Sayani,Maiti, Partha Pratim,Mandal, Subhash C KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2015 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.18 No.2

Objectives: Lawsone (1,4 naphthoquinone) is a non redox cycling compound that can be catalyzed by DT diaphorase (DTD) into 1,2,4-trihydroxynaphthalene (THN), which can generate reactive oxygen species by auto oxidation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of the phytomarker 1,4 naphthoquinone and its metabolite THN by using the molecular docking program AutoDock 4. Methods: The 3D structure of ligands such as hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) were drawn using hyperchem drawing tools and minimizing the energy of all pdb files with the help of hyperchem by $MM^+$ followed by a semi-empirical (PM3) method. The docking process was studied with ligand molecules to identify suitable dockings at protein binding sites through annealing and genetic simulation algorithms. The program auto dock tools (ADT) was released as an extension suite to the python molecular viewer used to prepare proteins and ligands. Grids centered on active sites were obtained with spacings of $54{\times}55{\times}56$, and a grid spacing of 0.503 was calculated. Comparisons of Global and Local Search Methods in Drug Docking were adopted to determine parameters; a maximum number of 250,000 energy evaluations, a maximum number of generations of 27,000, and mutation and crossover rates of 0.02 and 0.8 were used. The number of docking runs was set to 10. Results: Lawsone and THN can be considered to efficiently bind with NOS, CAT, GSH, GR, G6PDH and NADPH, which has been confirmed through hydrogen bond affinity with the respective amino acids. Conclusion: Naphthoquinone derivatives of lawsone, which can be metabolized into THN by a catalyst DTD, were examined. Lawsone and THN were found to be identically potent molecules for their affinities for selected proteins.

Computational Optimization of Bioanalytical Parameters for the Evaluation of the Toxicity of the Phytomarker 1,4 Napthoquinone and its Metabolite 1,2,4-trihydroxynapththalene

Velmani Gopal,Mohammad Harun AL Rashid,Sayani Majumder,Partha Pratim Maiti,Subhash C. Mandal 대한약침학회 2015 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.18 No.2

Objectives: Lawsone (1,4 naphthoquinone) is a non redox cycling compound that can be catalyzed by DT diaphorase (DTD) into 1,2,4-trihydroxynaphthalene (THN), which can generate reactive oxygen species by auto oxidation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of the phytomarker 1,4 naphthoquinone and its metabolite THN by using the molecular docking program AutoDock 4. Methods: The 3D structure of ligands such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) were drawn using hyperchem drawing tools and minimizing the energy of all pdb files with the help of hyperchem by MM+ followed by a semi-empirical (PM3) method. The docking process was studied with ligand molecules to identify suitable dockings at protein binding sites through annealing and genetic simulation algorithms. The program auto dock tools (ADT) was released as an extension suite to the python molecular viewer used to prepare proteins and ligands. Grids centered on active sites were obtained with spacings of 54 × 55 × 56, and a grid spacing of 0.503 was calculated. Comparisons of Global and Local Search Methods in Drug Docking were adopted to determine parameters; a maximum number of 250,000 energy evaluations, a maximum number of generations of 27,000, and mutation and crossover rates of 0.02 and 0.8 were used. The number of docking runs was set to 10. Results: Lawsone and THN can be considered to efficiently bind with NOS, CAT, GSH, GR, G6PDH and NADPH, which has been confirmed through hydrogen bond affinity with the respective amino acids. Conclusion: Naphthoquinone derivatives of lawsone, which can be metabolized into THN by a catalyst DTD, were examined. Lawsone and THN were found to be identically potent molecules for their affinities for selected proteins.