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Rajendaren Vikneswary,Saufi Syed Mohd,Zahari Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.7
A hollow fiber-supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) configuration with a large membrane surface area per volume is becoming more viable and feasible to use on an industrial scale. However, the hollow fiber (HF) forms a thicker skin outer layer than its flat-sheet equivalents, resulting in lower membrane fluxes and more unsatisfactory performance. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of HF spinning parameters such as bore liquid type, air gap distance (3-12 cm), and air relative humidity (64-100 wt%) on the properties and performance of HFSLM for levulinic acid (LA) extraction. The HF membranes were characterized in terms of morphology, contact angle, porosity, and membrane tensile strength. Polyethersulfone-based HF membrane prepared using 60% v/v dimethylacetamide as bore liquid at 6 cm air gap distance and 86% air relative humidity resulted in the highest LA extraction of 72.2%. The membrane had a dual symmetric finger-like structure with an open porous structure. The value of the outer fiber surface contact angle, porosity, and tensile stress was 94.1o, 77.57%, and 1,524.7 kPa, respectively. An optimal spinning condition is crucial in producing the best HF structure for improving the HFSLM performance in LA extraction.
Effects of air gap on membrane substrate properties and membrane performance for biomass processing
Elfira Anuar,Syed Mohd Saufi,Hafizuddin Wan Yussof 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.7
We studied a correlation between the membrane substrate properties and the final performance of hollow fiber thin film composite (TFC) membrane for xylose/glucose concentration and acetic acid removal. Polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber membrane substrate was fabricated using 20 wt% PSf, 2 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone and 78 wt% dimethylformamide via dry-wet spinning process. The air gap distance was manipulated from 6 cm to 15 cm during spinning to produce different substrate membrane properties. The molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and porosity of the membrane substrate increased as the air gap distance increased. Membrane substrate that was spun at 6 cm air gap showed a rapid phase inversion without much chain relaxation, thus producing the smallest MWCO (8 kDa) and an average pore diameter (4.46 nm). The TFC membrane produced using this membrane substrate showed the best performance in terms of solute rejection and separation factor. The rejection for xylose, glucose and acetic acid was 91.66±0.09%, 67.28±13.97%, and 13.08±3.00%, respectively. This results in an ideal separation factor of 3.20±1.27 for acetic acid/glucose and 10.42±0.25 for acetic acid/xylose.
Vikneswary Rajendaren,Syed Mohd Saufi,Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd Zahari,Norasikin Othman,Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.12
This study investigated the effect of various hydrophobic fillers on polyethersulfone (PES) membrane support properties. Graphene, kaolin, ZIF-8, and fluoroalkylsilane were loaded from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% in membrane casting solution. The structure and properties of the membrane changed accordingly based on the type of filler used. The finger-like pores in the PES membrane were extended, providing additional space for the liquid membrane impregnation. The contact angle value in the mixed matrix membranes was increased compared to the pristine PES membrane. The highest contact angle was shown by the additional of 0.5 ZIF-8 wt% in PES membrane with top and bottom contact angle value of 92.5o and 103.9o, respectively. PES membrane with 0.1wt% graphenes showed the highest porosity of 87.1%. PES membrane loaded with 0.1wt% ZIF-8 showed the most elevated tensile stress among the membrane support fabricated with a value of 1,036 kPa. The best extraction of levulinic acid (LA) from 10 g/L LA feed solution was achieved using 0.1 wt% graphene-PES membrane support with 89.2% extraction percentage.
He Yuhai,Syed Mohd Saufi bin Tuan Chik,Chong Fui Chin 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.6
The purification of papain using a reversed phase expanded bed adsorption chromatography (RP-EBAC)using a FastlineTM 10 EBAC column packed with AmberliteTM XAD7HP has been carried out in this study. An efficient large scale direct recovery of papain was developed and optimized from unclarified papayajuice feedstock in batch adsorption system. Enhancement of papain purity was further investigated inEBAC by stepwise elution strategy. High papain purity of 74.98% and high purification factor of 7.04 wereobtained. This study shows a great potential of using two step elution RP-EBAC system to purify papainfrom unclarified papaya juice.
Syed Shatir Asghrar Syed-Hassan,Mohd Saufi Md Zaini 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.8
The preparation of activated carbon from palm kernel shell for methane adsorption was studied. Taguchi orthogonal array design was employed to optimize the preparation of activated carbon. The statistical results show that the optimized conditions are the impregnation ratio of 0.55, the activation temperature of 900 oC and the activation time of 150min. The impregnation ratio has the most influence on methane adsorption based on S/N ratio analysis. The mathematical model was developed using regression analysis as a function of independent variables. The results of experiment using optimum conditions fall within the predicted value obtained from the developed model. Activated carbon prepared at optimum conditions which have the highest BET surface area of 1,548.0m2/g and the total pore volume of 1.0 cm3/g recorded the highest methane uptake compared to other conditions. The equilibrium data of the adsorption characteristic fitted favourably to the Freundlich isotherm.
Wong Edric Wee Ming,Mohd-Shafri Syauqina Akmar,Tiang Tow Leong,Tan Choo Jun,Ishak Dahaman,Ahmad Mohd Saufi,Leong Jenn Hwai,Ong Hui Lin 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.5
This research off ers an optimization design for a three-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SMPMSM) by employing the computer framework consists of fi nite element analysis (FEA) and genetic algorithm (GA) utilized in the applications of electric vehicles. This framework aims to evaluate and determine the optimal setting of SMPMSMs, which require maximum average electromagnetic torque ( T em_avg ) and minimum its ripple ( T em_rip ). Several motor performances, such as magnetic fi eld distribution across the motor, magnetic fl ux density distribution in the mid air gap, phase back-EMF, electromagnetic torque, and its ripple, are investigated for the initial and optimal designs of PM machines during open-circuit and on-load conditions by using FEA. The important parameter of PM machines, i.e. the magnet pole-arc and slot opening angle are taken into account. In order to determine the objective function of the GA framework, the T em_avg and the T em_rip are used to formulate the computing equations where the fi tness value provided by the computing framework is further assessed. The GA framework is used to assess the comparison of parameters and motor performance between the initial and optimal designs of 12s/8p PM motors in terms of electromagnetic torque under BLAC operation. Consequently, the framework of FEA and GA has been proven in the design of SMPMSM, which is very viable for electric cars by reducing the magnet materials and electromagnetic torque ripple.