Nutritional efficiency of feed restricted F1 Holstein/Zebu cows during the middle third of lactation

Santana, Pedro Felipe,Junior, Vicente Ribeiro Rocha,Ruas, Jose Reinaldo Mendes,Moncao, Flavio Pinto,Borges, Luana Alcantara,Sousa, Thais Eleonora Santos,Silva, Fredson Vieira e,Rabelo, Walber de Olive Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of quantitative feed restriction on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, efficiency and feeding behavior, and productive performance in F1 Holstein/Zebu cows during the middle third of their lactation. Methods: Sixty F1 Holstein/Zebu cows with 111.5±11.75 days of lactation and an initial body weight (BW) of 499±30 kg (mean±standard error of the mean) were used. The experimental design was completely randomized with the following diet levels of feed restriction: 3.39%, 2.75%, 2.50%, 2.25%, and 2.00% of BW, with 12 replications for each level. The experiment lasted for 63 days, of which each period lasted 21 days with the first 16 days for diet adaptation followed by 5 days for collection of data and samples. Results: For each 1% of BW diet restriction, there was a decrease in dry matter intake of 5.26 kg/d (p<0.01). There was no difference in daily milk production (p = 0.09) under the restriction levels of 3.39% to 2.0% of BW. When corrected for 3.5% fat, milk production declined (p = 0.05) 3.46 kg/d for each percentage unit of feed restriction. Conclusion: Restricting the feed supply for F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in the middle third of their lactation period altered nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and ingestive behavior but did not affect milk production or feed efficiency. However, considering the observed BW loss and decrease in milk production corrected for 3.5% fat, restriction of no less than 2.5% BW is recommended.

Color discrepancy of single-shade composites at different distances from the interface measured using cell phone images

Santana Márcia Luciana Carregosa,Livi Gabriella de Jesus Santos,Faria-e-Silva André Luis 대한치과보존학회 2024 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.49 No.1

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substrate color and interface distance on the color adjustment of 2 single-shade composites, Vittra APS Unique and Charisma Diamond One. Materials and Methods Dual disc-shaped specimens were created using Vittra APS Unique or Charisma Diamond One as the center composite, surrounded by shaded composites (A1 or A3). Color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer against a gray background, recording the color coordinates in the CIELAB color space. Illumination with a light-correcting device and image acquisition using a polarizing filter-equipped cell phone were performed on specimens over the same background. Image processing software was used to measure the color coordinates in the center and periphery of the inner composite and in the outer composite. The color data were then converted to CIELAB coordinates and adjusted using data from the spectrophotometer. Color differences (ΔE00) between the center/periphery of single-shade and outer composites were calculated, along with color changes in single-shade composites caused by different outer composites. Color differences for the inner composites surrounded by A1 and A3 were also calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results The results showed that color discrepancies were lowest near the interface and when the outer composite was whiter (A1). Additionally, Charisma Diamond One exhibited better color adjustment ability than Vittra APS Unique. Conclusions Color discrepancies between the investigated single-shade composites diminished towards the interface with the surrounding composite, particularly when the latter exhibited a lighter shade. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substrate color and interface distance on the color adjustment of 2 single-shade composites, Vittra APS Unique and Charisma Diamond One. Materials and Methods Dual disc-shaped specimens were created using Vittra APS Unique or Charisma Diamond One as the center composite, surrounded by shaded composites (A1 or A3). Color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer against a gray background, recording the color coordinates in the CIELAB color space. Illumination with a light-correcting device and image acquisition using a polarizing filter-equipped cell phone were performed on specimens over the same background. Image processing software was used to measure the color coordinates in the center and periphery of the inner composite and in the outer composite. The color data were then converted to CIELAB coordinates and adjusted using data from the spectrophotometer. Color differences (ΔE00) between the center/periphery of single-shade and outer composites were calculated, along with color changes in single-shade composites caused by different outer composites. Color differences for the inner composites surrounded by A1 and A3 were also calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results The results showed that color discrepancies were lowest near the interface and when the outer composite was whiter (A1). Additionally, Charisma Diamond One exhibited better color adjustment ability than Vittra APS Unique. Conclusions Color discrepancies between the investigated single-shade composites diminished towards the interface with the surrounding composite, particularly when the latter exhibited a lighter shade.

Wooden framed structures with semi-rigid connections: Quantitative approach focused on design needs

Santana, C.L.O.,Mascia, N.T. Techno-Press 2009 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.31 No.3

Mechanical connections are recognized as extremely important elements in the aspect of strength and structural safety. However, classical structural model does not consider the connection stiffness properties, and are based on models with pinned or rigid joints only. In fact, mechanical connections are deformable and behave not linearly, affecting the whole structure and inducing nonlinear behavior as well. The quantification of this effect, however, depends on the description of the working of the connectors and the wood response under embedment. The theoretical modeling of wood structures with semi-rigid connections involves not only the structural analysis, but also the modeling of both single and grouped moment resisting connectors and the study of the wood properties under embedment. The proposal of this paper is to approach these aspects, and to quantitatively study the influence of the moment resistant connection in wooden framed structures. Comparisons between rigid and semi-rigid connections and between linear and nonlinear analysis lead to quantitative results.

Intake and Performance of Yearling Steers Grazing Guineagrass (Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia) Pasture Supplemented with Different Energy Sources

Santana, M.C.A.,Euclides, V.B.P.,Mancio, A.B.,Medeiros, S.R.,Costa, J.A.R.,Oliveira, R.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.3

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of supplements containing different energy sources in relation to mineral supplementation of steers grazing guineagrass (Panicum maximum cv Tanz$\hat{a}$nia) pasture, during the dry season. The experimental design was a randomized block with three treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of a mineral supplementation and two other supplements, one based on corn seed and the other based on soybean hulls, and provided at 0.8% of body weight. Forty-eight, 12 month-old crossbred steers with an average initial body weight of 267 kg, were assigned to twelve paddocks (1,125 ha) of guineagrass. The animals that were fed with soybean hulls and corn seed presented a greater average daily gain (0.982 and 0.937) when compared with the mineral supplementation. Soybean hulls can be used as a satisfactory food source, replacing corn as an energy source in the supplementation of beef cattle without compromising animal performance.

A computationally simplistic poly-phasic approach to explore microbial communities from the Yucatan aquifer as a potential sources of novel natural products

Marfil-Santana Miguel David,O’Connor-Sánchez Aileen,Ramírez-Prado Jorge Humberto,De los Santos-Briones Cesar,López-Aguiar,Lluvia Korynthia,Rojas-Herrera Rafael,Lago-Lestón Asunción,Prieto-Davó Alejand 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.11

The need for new antibiotics has sparked a search for the microbes that might potentially produce them. Current sequencing technologies allow us to explore the biotechnological potential of microbial communities in diverse environments without the need for cultivation, benefitting natural product discovery in diverse ways. A relatively recent method to search for the possible production of novel compounds includes studying the diverse genes belonging to polyketide synthase pathways (PKS), as these complex enzymes are an important source of novel therapeutics. In order to explore the biotechnological potential of the microbial community from the largest underground aquifer in the world located in the Yucatan, we used a polyphasic approach in which a simple, non-computationally intensive method was coupled with direct amplification of environmental DNA to assess the diversity and novelty of PKS type I ketosynthase (KS) domains. Our results suggest that the bioinformatic method proposed can indeed be used to assess the novelty of KS enzymes; nevertheless, this in silico study did not identify some of the KS diversity due to primer bias and stringency criteria outlined by the metagenomics pipeline. Therefore, additionally implementing a method involving the direct cloning of KS domains enhanced our results. Compared to other freshwater environments, the aquifer was characterized by considerably less diversity in relation to known ketosynthase domains; however, the metagenome included a family of KS type I domains phylogenetically related, but not identical, to those found in the curamycin pathway, as well as an outstanding number of thiolases. Over all, this first look into the microbial community found in this large Yucatan aquifer and other fresh water free living microbial communities highlights the potential of these previously overlooked environments as a source of novel natural products.

Association of sericin and swimming on the phenotype, motor plate, and functionality of the denervated plantar muscle of Wistar rats

André Junior Santana,Jean Carlos Debastiani,Regina Inês Kunz,Pamela Buratti,Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão,Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro,Márcia Miranda Torrejais,Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini 한국운동재활학회 2018 JER Vol.14 No.1

Physical exercise may help maintain muscle properties and functional improvement after peripheral nerve lesion, which may be enhanced by using biocompatible substances, such as sericin. The aim of this study was analyse the effect of sericin associated with swimming exercise on the phenotype, innervation, and functionality of the plantar muscle of Wistar rats. Forty randomly divided adult rats were used in five groups of eight animals: control, injury, sericin, exercise, exercise and sericin. The application of sericin was done on the spot, 100 μL, shortly after nerve compression. Three days after sciatic nerve compression, the swimming and swimming and sericin groups were submitted to physical swimming exercise for 21 days. Afterwards, the animals were euthanised and the plantar muscle was dissected and submitted to histochemical and histoenzymological techniques. The grip strength test did not show alterations in muscular functionality, and the control presented greater muscle mass in relation to the other groups, the same did not occur for muscle length. Polymorphic neuromuscular junctions were detected in the groups, although without significant morphometric alterations of the area, major and minor diameters. The percentage of type I fibres was lower in the lesion group and there was no difference in fibres IIa and IIb between groups. The area of fibres I, IIa and IIb remained constant between groups. Sericin biopolymer combined with swimming exercise did not affect plantar muscle function, submitted to experimental axonotmosis, whose contractile properties were altered by nerve injury.

Comparing the Chemical Biology of NO and HNO

Wilmarie Flores-Santana,Christopher Switzer,Lisa A. Ridnour,Debashree Basudhar,Daniele Mancardi,Sonia Donzelli,Douglas D. Thomas,Katrina M. Miranda,Jon M. Fukuto,David A. Wink 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.8

For the past couple of decades nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) have been extensively studied due to the important role they play in many physiological and/or pharmacological processes. Many researchers have reported important signaling pathways as well as mechanisms of action of these species, showing direct and indirect effects depending on the environment. Both NO and HNO can react with, among others, metals, proteins, thiols and heme proteins via unique and distinct chemistry leading to improvement of some clinical conditions. Understanding the basic chemistry of NO and HNO and distinguishing their mechanisms of action as well as methods of detection are crucial for understanding the current and potential clinical applications. In this review, we summarize some of the most important findings regarding NO and HNO chemistry, revealing some of the possible mechanisms of their beneficial actions.

Protective ostomies in ovarian cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Beatriz Navarro Santana 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.2

Objective: To assess the benefit of protective ostomies on anastomotic leak rate, urgent re- operations, and mortality due to anastomotic leak complications in ovarian cancer surgery. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for all studies on anastomotic leak and ostomy formation related to ovarian cancer surgery. Non-controlled studies, case series, abstracts, case reports, study protocols, and letters to the editor were excluded. Meta-analysis was performed on the primary endpoint of anastomotic leak rate. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on type of bowel resection and bevacizumab use. Secondary endpoints were urgent re-operations and mortality associated with anastomotic leak, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, 30-day readmission rate, adjuvant chemotherapy, survival, and reversal surgery in ostomy and non-ostomy patients. Results: A total of 17 studies (2,719 patients) were included: 16 retrospective cohort studies, and 1 case-control study. Meta-analysis of 17 studies did not show a decrease in anastomotic leak rate in ostomy patients (odds ratio [OR]=1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.60–1.70; p=0.980). Meta-analysis of ten studies (1,452 women) did not find a decrease in urgent re- operations in the ostomy group (OR=0.72; 95% CI=0.35–1.46; p=0.360). Other outcomes were not considered for meta-analysis due to the lack of data in included studies. Conclusion: Protective ostomies did not decrease anastomotic leak rates, and urgent re-operations in ovarian cancer surgery. This evidence supports the use of ostomies in very select cases.

Development of microreactors applied on biodiesel synthesis: From experimental investigation to numerical approaches

Harrson S. Santana,João L. Silva Jr,Osvaldir P. Taranto 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.69 No.-

Several studies have been carried out on biodiesel production in microreactors. Usually, in conventionalscale processes, researchers and industry professionals use modeling and simulation to develop andoptimize equipment and processes. However, modeling and simulation in microfluidics are still newwhen compared to conventional scale, being the literature even scarcer for biodiesel synthesis. In thiscontext, the biodiesel synthesis is discussed in this paper from the viewpoint of modeling andmicroreactors’ simulations. A state-of-art review emphasizing the design of microdevices is presented,followed by a discussion about modeling and simulation. Finally, the conclusions are exposed.

Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica lectin on feeding, survival, and gut enzymes of maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

Carolina de Santana Souza,Thamara Figueiredo Procopio,Bernardo do Rego Belmonte,Patrıcia Maria Guedes Paiva,Lidiane Pereira de Albuquerque,Emmanuel Viana Pontual,Thiago Henrique Napoleao 한국응용생명화학회 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

In this study, the effects of Opuntia ficus-indica lectin (OfiL) on the survival and nutritional parameters of Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) adults were evaluated. OfiL was incorporated into the artificial diets at concentrations of 15, 60, and 95 mg/g (mg of lectin per g of wheat flour). Mortality was evaluated after 7 and 15 days, and the amount of food ingested and the weight of the insects were determined on the 7th day. In addition, the in vitro effects of OfiL on the gut enzymes of the insect were investigated. The ingestion of OfiL did not show any significant difference in the mortality rates compared to control. The relative consumption rate was also similar to that of the control, and no deterrent effect was detected. However, the values of the relative biomass variation and the efficiency of ingested food conversion were negative in the treatments at 60 and 95 mg/g, showing that lectin ingestion resulted in weight loss. OfiL exhibited a stimulatory effect on the protease activity from S. zeamais gut extract, which may cause uncontrolled hydrolysis of proteins in the digestive tract. This lectin did not promote significant alteration in the amylase activity. In conclusion, OfiL was able to exert anti-nutritional effects without causing a deterrent effect.