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Initial Risk Assessment of Disodium Disulphite in OECD High Production Volume Chemical Program
Sanghwan Song,Yoonho Choi,Hye-Youn Park,Minjeong Kwon,Hyunju Koo,Seong-Hwan Jeon,Jin-Gyun Na,Kwangsil Park 한국독성학회 2002 Toxicological Research Vol.18 No.1
Disodium disulphite, the HPV chemical, was assigned to Korea in order to implement OECD SIDS program in 1999. It was produed about 3,200 ton/year in 1998. This report evaluates the toxic potency of disodium disuphite based on the environmental and mammalian effects as well as human exposure. Oral LD_(50) in rats is 1,540 mg/kg b.w. and effects was observed to the stomach, liver, and the GI track that was filled with blood. For repeated dose toxicity, the predominant effect was the induction of stomach lesions due to local irritation. The no observed adverse effect level for local (stomach irritation) was about 217 mg/kg bw/day. There is no evidence that disodium disulphite is genotoxic in vivo. No reproductive or developmental toxicity of disodium disulphite was observed for the period up to 2 yr and over three generations. In humans, urticaria and asthma with itching, edema, rhinitis, and nasal congestion were reported. Disodium disulphite is unlikely to induce respiratory sensitization but may enhance symptoms of asthma in sensitive individuals. This chemical would be mainly transported to water compartment when released to environmental compartments since it is highly water soluble (470 g/l at 20). Low K_(OC) (2.447) indicates disodium disulphite is so mobile in soil that it may not stay in the terrestrial compartment. The chemical has been tested in a limited number of aquatic species. From acute toxicity test to fish, 96 hr-LC_(50) was > 100 mg/l. For algae, 72hr-EC_(50) was 48.1 mg/l. For daphnid, the acute toxicity value of 48 hr-EC_(50) was 88.76 mg/l, and chronic value of 21day-NOEC was > 10 mg/l. Therefore, PNEC of 0.1 mg/l for the aquatic organisms was obtained from the chronic value of daphnid using the assessment factor of 100. Based on these data the disodium disulphite was recommended as low priority for further post-SIDS work in OECD.
Sanghwan Song,백도명,Young-Mee Lee,Chulwoo Lee,Chunghee Park,Seung-Do Yu 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.2
Ambient particulate matter (PM) and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were measured continuously for 70 days at a Korean elementary school located near a highway. The PM10,PM2.5, and PM1 values were measured with a lightscattering,multi-channel, aerosol spectrometer (Grimm, Model 1.107). The number concentrations of the particles were measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer and counter (SMPS+C) which counted particles from 11.1 to 1083.3 nm classified in 44 channels. Particle-bound PAHs were measured with a direct reading, photoelectric aerosol sensor. The daily NO2, SO2, and CO concentrations were obtained from a national air-monitoring station located near the school. The average concentrations of PM10,PM2.5, and PM1 were 75.3, 59.3, and 52.1 μg/m3, respectively. The average number concentration of the ultrafine particles (UFPs) was 46,307/cm3, and the averaged particle-bound PAHs concentration was 17.9ng/m3 during the study period. The ambient UFP variation was strongly associated with traffic intensity, particularly peak concentrations during the traffic rush hours. Particles ⁄100 nm corresponded to trafficrelated pollutants, including PAHs. Additional longterm monitoring of ambient UFPs and high-resolution traffic measurements should be carried out in future studies. In addition, transient variations in the ambient particle concentration should be taken into consideration in epidemiology studies in order to examine the short-term health effects of urban UFPs.
90˚ 입력위상의 변화를 통한 2차원 무선전력전송 구현
김상환(Sanghwan Kim),서철헌(Chulhun Seo) 대한전자공학회 2015 전자공학회논문지 Vol.52 No.2
본 논문에서는 직교송신부에 90˚ 위상 천이된 전력 입력방식을 사용하여 2차원의 공진형 무선전력전송 송, 수신기를 설계 및 구현하였다. 제안한 송신기 각각의 직교 코일을 사용하여 상호 인덕턴스를 최소화하였으며 90˚ 위상 천이된 전력 입력방식을 사용하여 2차원의 공간으로 자계 에너지를 방사하도록 설계하였다. 이는 일반적인 무선전력 전송에서 위치에 따라 전송효율이 급격히 감소되는 문제점을 해결하여 2차원공간의 공진형 무선전력 전송을 가능케 한다. 이때의 공진주파수는 6.78 MHz이며, 송수신 공진기의 사이 거리가 200 mm일 때, 2차원 전 방향에서 40 % 이상의 무선전력 전송효율을 얻을 수 있다. In this paper, two-dimensional resonant transmitter and receiver for WPT is designed and implemented using method that use 90˚ phase shifted input power to orthogonal transmitter. Mutual inductance is minimized by using proposed each orthogonal coil of receiver and the method that inputs 90˚ phase shifted power is used to radiate magnetic energy into two dimension. This method facilitates two dimensional resonant WPT by solving power efficiency degradation problem according to location in general WPT. The resonance frequency is 6.78 MHz and the distance between transmitting and receiving resonator is 200 mm. The transfer efficiency of the proposed wireless power transfer system is higher than 40% at all direction.
Synthesis of Primary-Particle-Size-Tuned Soot Particles by Controlled Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbon Fuels
Cho, Sanghwan,Lee, Seunghoon,Lee, Wonnam,Park, Sunho American Chemical Society 2016 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.30 No.8
<P>We have developed a pyrolysis-based soot-generating system, which is able to control the primary soot particle size. The system is clean and portable and runs On diverse hydrocarbon fuels of interest. To evaluate the performance of the system, soot was generated from n-hexane and propylene with various conditions of the temperature, fuel mole fraction, and residence time in the heating zone. The results showed that the primary soot particle size was controllable within the range of 20-60 nm, and the soot yield as a function of the residence time followed a logistic curve of different shape depending upon the fuel mole fraction and healing temperature. The system that we developed can be used as a reliable soot-generating source for diverse laboratories to meet the growing demands for fundamental research on soot characteristics and soot formation mechanisms as well as the assessment of health and environmental effects of soot from various sources.</P>
Dynamic Response and Reliability of Six-Leg Jack-Up Type Wind Turbine Installation Vessel
Heo, Sanghwan,Koo, Weoncheol,Park, Min-Su World Scientific Publishing Company 2017 International journal of structural stability and Vol.17 No.3
<P>A fast, reliable and optimized numerical procedure of the hydrodynamic response analysis of a slender-body structure is presented. With this method, the dynamic response and reliability of a six-leg jack-up-type wind turbine installation vessel under various environmental conditions is analyzed. The modified Morison equation is used to calculate the wave and wind-driven current excitation forces on the slender-body members. The Det Norske Veritas (DNV) rule-based formula is used to calculate the wind loads acting on the superstructure of the jack-up leg. From the modal analysis, the natural period and standardized displacement of the structure are determined. The Newmark-beta time-integration method is used to solve the equation of motion generating the time-varying dynamic responses of the structure. A parametric study is carried out for various current velocities and wind speeds. In addition, a reliability analysis is conducted to predict the effects of uncertainty of the wave period and wave height on the safety of structural design, using the reliability index to indicate the reliability of the dynamic response on the critical structural members.</P>