알코올중독 환자의 예후 예측에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 가족력 및 DRD₂와의 관계를 중심으로

성상경,차성조,이규항,이정균 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.6

알코올중독 환자의 예후인자를 알아보기 위해 나이와 성별을 통제하여 음주군과 단주군 남자환자 각각 30명을 대상으로 비교 연구하였다. 양군간의 인구통계학적 특성, 음주력, 가족력, 자아강도 등의 차이 및 도파민 D2수용체 유전자 분포를 비교하였으며, 질병경과, 가족력 및 도파민 D2수용체 유전자와의 관련성을 알아보았다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 단주군은 음주군에 비해 기혼율이 높았으며, 높은 경제상태, 높은 학력 등이 중요한 요소였으나 직업의 종류 및 종교에 있어서는 차이가 없었다. 2) 단주군은 음주군에 비해 과거 음주력상 최대 단주기간이 길었으나 평균 음주량이 더 많았다. 또한 음주군은 단주군에 비해 사회경제적 스트레스 및 정신적 불안정이 주된 음주 이유인 경우가 많았으나 음주기간, 음주양상, 음주시기, 음주시작 연령, 술의 종류에 있어서는 차이가 없었다. 3) 알코올중독의 가족력에 따른 비교에서 단주군과 음주군 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4) 단주군은 음주군에 비해 자아강도의 평균점수가 더 높았다. 5) 도파민 D2수용체 유전자의 A1 대립유전자 비교에서 단주군에서 A1 대립유전자의 이환율은 70%, 음주군에서는 60%였다. A1 대립유전자의 빈도는 각각 0.38과 0.42로 양군간에 차이는 없었다. 6) 알코올중독 가족력에 따른 도파민 D2 수용체 유전자분포 비교에서 가족력이 있는 군에 A1 대립유전자의 이환율은 70%, 빈도는 0.43이었고, 가족력이 없는 군에서는 이환율이 61%, 빈도는 0.38로 양군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 가족력이 있는 경우에 음주시작의 연령이 더 낮았으며 문제음주도 보다 일찍 나타났다. 그러나 평균 음주기간은 가족력이 없는 경우에 더 길었으며, 평균 음주량, 최고 단주기간 및 NAST 비교에서는 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 알코올중독 환자의 긍정적 예후인자로 기혼, 높은 학력 및 경제상태, 과거 음주력상 보다 긴 단주 기간 및 강한 자아강도를 들 수 있었다. 반면에 직업, 종교, 알코올중독 가족력 유무, 음주기간, 음주양상, 음주시작 연령, 술의 종류 및 도파민 D2수용체 유전자 A1 대립유전자 분포 등에서는 알코올중독의 예후의 의미 있는 상관관계가 없었다. Objectives : The purpose of the study was to identify the prognosis-predicting indicators is alcoholics by the correlation between prognosis and demographic characteristics, ego strength, family history and distribution of dopamine D2 receptor gene A1 allele. Methods : The subjects were composed of 60 alcoholics including 30 psychiatric inpatients(drinking group) and 30 alcoholics abstinent for 6 months or more after discharge(abstinent group). They were investigated with interview, questionnaire, blood sample and review of their charts. Results : The results were as follows ; 1) The abstinent group had higher rate of married state, higher economic status and longer education years than the drinking group. There were no differences in occupation and religion between the two groups. 2) There were no differences between the abstinent group and drinking group according to alcoholic family history. 3) The abstinent group had higher mean score in ego strength scale than the drinking group. 4) In comparision of dopamine D2 receptor gene A1 allele, the prevalence of A1 allele was seventy percent and the frequency was 0.38 in the abstinent group. The prevalence of A1 allele was sixty percent and the frequency was 0.42 in the drinking group. Both groups were not significantly different in A1 allele prevalence and frequency. 5) In comparision of dopamine D2 receptor gene A1 allele according to alcoholic family history, the prevalence of A1 allele was seventy percent and the frequency was 0.43 in the family history positive group. The prevalence of A1 allele was sixty-one percent and the frequency was 0.38 in the family history negative group. Both groups were not significantly different in A1 allele prevalence and frequency. Conclusions : With the above results, the authors think that successful prognostic indicators of alcoholics are married state, higher economic status, longer education years, longer abstinenence period in past history, and strong ego strength. But family history and distribution of dopamine D2 receptor A1 allele were not significantly related to the prognositc indicators of alcoholics.

방광의 이형상피세포암에서의 CEA의 분포에 관한 연구

박상흠,양승하,강상균 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

Study to carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) in various cancers had been progressed actively. CEA was inadequate in specific diagnostic value but useful in detection of metastasis, recurrence, and prognosis of cancer. Study to expression of CEA used immunoperoxidase stain in tissue of TCC was infrequent. Therefore, to understand positive rate of CEA in TCC of urinary bladder, the author performed immunoenzyme histologic reaction by Abidin-Biotin-Complex method using anti-human CEA rabbit serum and analuzed their histologic reaction. Results are following as 1. Positive reaction of CEA in TCC was 36(45%) among 80 cases. 2. In papillry form of TCC,positive reaction of CEA was 8 cases(44%) in grade I, 21(55%) among 38 cases in grade II, and 5(36%) among 14 cases in grade III, respectively. 3. In flat form of TCC,CEA showed positive reaction in 2 (20%) among 10 cases. 4. Noninvasive form of TCC showed CEA Positive reaction in 23(44%) among 52 cases, invasive form to submucosa 9(45%) among 20 cases, and invasive form to muscle 4(50%) among 8 cases, respectively. The above results showed high positive rate of CEA in well differentiated carcinoma, and the more deeper invasive form the more high positive rate of CEA in the transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder.

想像力의 槪念과 浪漫時

禹相均 제주대학교 1987 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

We can hardly discuss 19th-century English romantic poetry without giving the notion of romantic imagination some consideration. Imagination is said to be the paramount principle of romantic poetry Although what can be meant by'romantic' is so diverse that it is almost impossible to define it neatly in a few words, some English poets such as Blake, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Shelley, Keats, and Byron have been called 'romantic poets'. They didn't call themselves romantics and the romantic movement was not an organized and conscious one, and their concepts of imagination and their artistic ideals were different from each other. The purpose ofthis study is to explicate and compare the concepts of imagination of Coleridge, Wordsworth, Shelley, and Keats, and to read some of their poems in the light of their own characteristic notions of imagination. Coleridge was also a philosopher and his definition of imagination is highly metaphysical. It is very difficult to grasp the exact meaning of it. His distinction of fancy and imagination, and of the primary and secondary imagination seem to have some wrong notions as their foundation. But for all this, his poetry shows the intense working of his own kind of imagination. Wordsworth's idea of imagination is far less sophisticated than that of Coleridge. However, it has very often been incorrcetly considered too simple and naive to give a second thought. His poetry is not 'spontaneous overflow' of direct raw feelings, but it is the output of a very complex and long-drawn poetic process of which the working principle is imagination. His own poetry shows clear marks of the shaping hands of his imagination. Shelley and Keats show some contrasts in their ideas of imagination, and such contrasts are reflected in their poetry the difference of their concepts of imagination is most strikingly shown through the contrast in the imagery of the two poets

Sarcoma-180 腹水癌이 肝細胞 核分裂像 및 四鹽化炭素中毒肝 再生에 미치는 影響

이성재,강상균 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1980 中央醫大誌 Vol.5 No.1

Experimental studies were carried out to observe the hepatic mitosis stimulation by Sarcoma­180 ascites tumor implantation. At the same time, effect of the tumor cell implantation was studied in animals with hepato­renal damage caused by CCI_4. Sarcoma­180 ascites tumor, tumor brei, subcellular fraction, various concentration of normal saline extract were given, then mitotic index was counted. Mean while hepatic and renal change were studied in tumor bearing animals with hepato­renal necrosis caused by CCI_4 injection. Obtained results were as follows: 1. Obviously increased mitotic index was shown at 48-72 hours after cell or tumor brei implantation. 2. There was no significant increased mitotic index by injection of subcellular fraction such as mitochondrial, microsomal and nuclear fraction or cell sap of tumor cells, while saline extract of the tumor cell shows markedly increased mitotic index at 48 hours after injection. 3. Centrilobular necrosis of the hepatic cell as well as renal tubular damage remains for a long period after tumor cells implantation in animals with previous hepato­renal damage. 4. Contrally regeneration of the hepatic cell was noted earlier in animals with hepatic damage followed by tumor cell implantation. 5. The above results suggest that certain toxic factor working if implanted as tumor cell itself, saline extract or tumor brei, and might be contained in the Sarcoma­180 ascites tumor.

알코올중독 환자의 예후 예측에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 사회문화적 및 심리적 변인을 중심으로

이정균,성상경,전동환 大韓神經精神醫學會 1995 신경정신의학 Vol.34 No.4

Objects : The purpose of the study was to identify the prognosis-predicting indicators in alcoholics by the correlations between prognosis and sociocultural, psychological factors and drinking history. Methods : The subjects were composed of 50 alcoholics including 25 psychiatric inpatients(drinking group) and 25 alcoholics abstinent for 6 months or more after discharge(abstinent group). They were investigated with interview, questionnaire and review of their charts. Results : The results were as follows : 1) Abstinent group showed higher percentage of marriage and more stable martial status than drinking group. 2) Abstinent group got more stable employments before abstinence than drinking group. 3) Abstinent group had been admitted more voluntarily and had therapeutic participation, such as alcoholics anonymous or outpatient care, than drinking group after discharge. 4) Abstinent group had longer maximal length of abstinence than drinking group. Conclusions : With the above results, the authors think that social stability, attitude toward the treatment, therapeutic participation after discharge and maximal length of abstinence could be the important prognosis-predicting indicators for alcoholic.

공동해손의 법률관계와 해상보험

이균성 한국해운물류학회 2004 해운물류연구 Vol.43 No.-

이 논문은 공동해손의 제도 내지 희생·비용의 부담 또는 분담에 관한 법률관계와 해상보험관계 및 상호 관권성을 연구·검토하였다. 먼저, 공동해손의 의의와 기본이념 및 요크·앤트워프 규칙에 관한 개괄적인 논술에 이어, 공동해손의 법률관계에 관하여는 이해관계인 간의 분담대상이 되는 공동해손 희생·비용을 중심으로 법률요건으로서의 공동해손의 성립과 효과를 논급하였다. 다음에, 해상보험관계에 관하여는 해상손해 곧 해손으로서의 공동해손 희생·비용에 대한 해상보험자인 선박보험자와 적하보험자 및 P&I 클럽의 보험계약상의 보상책임의 내용과 범위를 정리하였다. 그리고 해상운송계약상의 과실공동해손조항 또는 제이슨조항과 관련하여, 선원의 항해 과실에 기인한 공동해손의 경우 하주측의 분담책임 내지 선주에 대한 그 구상청구의 문제에 관하여, 종래의 헤이그규칙의 처지와 항해과실면책주의를 폐지하고 있는 함부르크규칙 아래서의 문제점을 분석하였다. General average is the system forming a part of maritime law and is quite apart from marine insurance. However, it is practically brought into marine insurance because of the liability for general average sacrifice or contribution being accepted by marine underwriters. Therefore, this article is aimed to describe and analyze the legal principles of general average in connection with the marine insurance coverage including the indemnification by P&I club. And also, it deals with the General Average Clause of the Hague Rules and the Hamburg Rules in respect of the contract of carriage by sea.

領空主權과 하늘의 自由

韓成均 건국대학교 1974 樂圓誌 Vol.9 No.1

회양목 추출물 cyclobuxine이 생쥐의 심근에 미치는 영향에 대한 형태학적 연구

강상균,김창진 순천향대학교 1988 논문집 Vol.11 No.3

The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological changes of the cardiac muscle in mice induced by the cyclobuxine, the acetone extract from the Buxus microphylla var. Koreana Nakai. Cyclobuxine was injected daily(0.2㎎/100g Wt.)to the male mice and sacrificed at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days of administrations, and then the left ventricular cardiac muscle was processed for light and electron microscopic studies to observe the myoglobin content in the myocardial cells and ultrastructural cellular changes. The results were as follows: 1. The ordinary hematoxylin-eosin stain revealed myocardial cellular degenerations from early begining of administration. 2. The ordinary hematoxylin-eosin stain revealed myocardial cellular degenerations from early begining of administrations. 3. The mitochondria were dilated with degeneration of the cristae and accumulation of flocculent materials of moderate electron density in the matrix. 4. The glycogen in the cytoplasm was decreased and endoplasmic reticulum was dilated. 5. The Z-Bands were contracted focally with lysis or myofibers and disarrayed myofibrils. 6. The intracytoplasmic junctional structures as desmosome of nexus were observed. 7. The nuclear membranes were wrinkled with peripheral condensation of chromatins. The above results indicate that the cyclobuxine may induce myoglobin depletion in the myocardial cells leading to derangement of energy metabolism which resulted from decreased oxygen availability, followed by reversible or irreversible cellular injury.

商法〔保險法〕의 改正을 계기로 본 保險約款 規制

李均成 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 1994 외법논집 Vol.1 No.-

만성육아 종성염증에서의 T-cell 그리고 B-cell의 분포에 관한 연구

장인성,양승하,강상균 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

Tuberculosis, leprosy, foreign body reaction, parasite, and fungal infection are chronic granulomatous inflammation forming granuloma within lesion. There are much studies for the mechanism of cell mediated immume reaction in tuberculosis and leprosy, but the study using immune peroxidase stain in paraffin embedded tissue is rare. This study was carried out to observe the distribution of T cell and B cell in chronic granulomatious inflammation, such as tuberculosis 21 cases, leprosy 9 cases, cysticercosis 7 cases, and foreign body reaction 8 cases. Fourthy five cases of above diseases obtained by excisional biposy were processed for immune enzyme histologic stain by Avidin-Biotin complex method using MT1 and MB2. The results obtained are following as : 1. Tuberculosis showed positive reaction of MT1 in all within and outer granuloma among 21 cases, and MB2 in 2 cases and 14 cases respectively. 2. In 9 cases of leprosy lepromatous type showed positive reaction of MT1 in all 5 cases and MB2 in each 2 cases within and outer granuloma, tuberculoid and borderline types showed posittive reaction of MT1 and MB2 in all 2 cases respectively. 3. Positive reaction of MT1 in 7 cases of cysticercosis, revealed 6 cases within granuloma and all cases outer one, MB2 in 5 cases and 6 cases respectively. 4. Positive reaction of MT1 in 8 cases of foreign body reaction disclose 5 cases within granuloma and 7 cases outer one, and MB2 in 3 cases and 4 cases respectively. The above results showed T cell is related to main immune protective mechanism in granulomatous inflammation, and B cell reveal only weak reaction.